将字符串的部分提取到数组 php

Question

我有一个字符串需要分解并获取信息。

示例字符串：

"20' Container 1, 40' Open Container 1, 40-45' Closed Container 3, container roll 10, container lift 50"

首先，我通过 , 分解字符串并得到

"20' Container 1"
"40' Open Container 1"
"40-45' Closed Container 3"

现在我也想分解已经分解的数组，以便得到以下格式的结果

array[
    0 => [
        0 => "20'"
        1 => "Container"
        2 => "1"
        ]
    1 => [
        0 => "40'"
        1 => "Open Container"
        2 => "1"
        ]
    2 => [
          0=> container roll
          1=> 10
         ]
    3=> [
         0=> container lift
         1 => 50
        ]
    ]

字符串可能会有所不同，但已确定格式相同，例如length type number 其中 length 是可选的，

我在做

$pattern = '/([\d-]*\')\s(.*)\s(\d+)/';
            foreach (explode(', ', $equipment->chassis_types) as $value) {
                preg_match($pattern, $value, $matches); // Match length, type, number
                $result[] = array_slice($matches, 1);   // Slice with offset 1
                $equipment->tokenized   =   $result;
            }

然后我得到

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [0] => 20'
            [1] => container
            [2] => 10
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [0] => 40'
            [1] => open container
            [2] => 10
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [0] => 40-45'
            [1] => closed container
            [2] => 20
        )

    [3] => Array
        (
        )

    [4] => Array
        (
        )

)

Answer 1

根据给定的示例，您可以选择

<?php

$string = "20' Container 1, 40' Open Container 1, 40-45' Closed Container 3, container roll 10, container lift 50";

$regex = "~
        (?:(?P<group1>\d+(?:-\d+)?')\h*)?
        (?P<group2>(?i:[a-z]+\h?)+)\h+
        (?P<group3>\d+(?:'')?)
        ~x";

if (preg_match_all($regex, $string, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER)) {
    print_r($matches);
}
?>

见a demo on regex101.com。

这产生：

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [0] => 20' Container 1
            [group1] => 20'
            [1] => 20'
            [group2] => Container
            [2] => Container
            [group3] => 1
            [3] => 1
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [0] => 40' Open Container 1
            [group1] => 40'
            [1] => 40'
            [group2] => Open Container
            [2] => Open Container
            [group3] => 1
            [3] => 1
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [0] => 40-45' Closed Container 3
            [group1] => 40-45'
            [1] => 40-45'
            [group2] => Closed Container
            [2] => Closed Container
            [group3] => 3
            [3] => 3
        )

    [3] => Array
        (
            [0] => container roll 10
            [group1] => 
            [1] => 
            [group2] => container roll
            [2] => container roll
            [group3] => 10
            [3] => 10
        )

    [4] => Array
        (
            [0] => container lift 50
            [group1] => 
            [1] => 
            [group2] => container lift
            [2] => container lift
            [group3] => 50
            [3] => 50
        )

)

核心正则表达式是

(?:                               # non-capturing group
    (?P<group1>\d+(?:-\d+)?')\h*  # group1 = digits, 1+ (-other digits), optionally
)?                                # make the whole group optional
(?P<group2>(?i:[a-z]+\h?)+)\h+    # group2 = [a-zA-Z]+ horizontal whitespaces, no digits
(?P<group3>\d+(?:'')?)            # group3 = other digits + '', eventually

Answer 2

您可以使用 * 使第一个数字和 ' 可选。

$str = '20\' Container 1, 40\' Open Container 1, 40-45\' Closed Container 3, container roll 10, container lift 50';
preg_match_all('/(\d*\'*)\s([a-zA-Z ]+)(\d+)/', $str, $matches);
var_dump($matches);

这给出了这样的输出：

array(4) {
  [0]=>
  array(5) {
    [0]=>
    string(15) "20' Container 1"
    [1]=>
    string(20) "40' Open Container 1"
    [2]=>
    string(22) "45' Closed Container 3"
    [3]=>
    string(18) " container roll 10"
    [4]=>
    string(18) " container lift 50"
  }
  [1]=>
  array(5) {
    [0]=>
    string(3) "20'"
    [1]=>
    string(3) "40'"
    [2]=>
    string(3) "45'"
    [3]=>
    string(0) ""
    [4]=>
    string(0) ""
  }
  [2]=>
  array(5) {
    [0]=>
    string(10) "Container "
    [1]=>
    string(15) "Open Container "
    [2]=>
    string(17) "Closed Container "
    [3]=>
    string(15) "container roll "
    [4]=>
    string(15) "container lift "
  }
  [3]=>
  array(5) {
    [0]=>
    string(1) "1"
    [1]=>
    string(1) "1"
    [2]=>
    string(1) "3"
    [3]=>
    string(2) "10"
    [4]=>
    string(2) "50"
  }
}

要获得更接近您想要的数组，您可以使用数组列将匹配项按照您喜欢的方式进行分组。

$str = '20\' Container 1, 40\' Open Container 1, 40-45\' Closed Container 3, container roll 10, container lift 50';
preg_match_all('/(\d*\'*)\s([a-zA-Z ]+)(\d+)/', $str, $matches);
unset($matches[0]); // remove full match as it's not needed.

$res =[];
foreach($matches[1] as $key => $val){
    $res[] = array_column($matches, $key);
}
var_dump($res);

https://3v4l.org/4rGod

Answer 3

假设只能缺少length，您可以尝试使用我根据您现有模式修改的模式。加上 array_filter() 函数从每个 $matches

中删除空元素

$pattern = '/([\d-]*\')?\s?(\D+)\s(\d+)/';
foreach (explode(', ', $equipment->chassis_types) as $value) {
    preg_match($pattern, $value, $matches);
    $result[] = array_slice(array_filter($matches), 1);
}
$equipment->tokenized = $result;

修改你的模式：

? 在第一个捕获组之后，如果不存在则可以跳过
/s? 之后也先跳过 space 如果第一组不存在
将 (.*) 更改为 (\D+) 以匹配任何非数字字符（假设 type 不包含数字）

注意：我将$equipment->tokenized = $result;行移到循环外，只设置一次，而不是在循环内重复设置

Answer 4

我认为我最同意 Erwin 的回答，但尽管这不是验证任务，但我喜欢 Jan 的回答在定义范围“长度”子字符串方面做得更好 Erwin's answer will match ' 1. 没有迹象表明输入字符串中存在制表符或换行符，因此文字 space 是合适的。将正则表达式模式用双引号引起来意味着不需要转义模式中的撇号。郑重声明，Andreas 的模式不正确，因为它无法正确匹配“长度”子字符串，并且在“类型”子字符串中包含不需要的白色space。

这是我用来解析提供的输入的内容：(Demo) (Pattern Demo)

$string = "20' Container 1, 40' Open Container 1, 40-45' Closed Container 3, container roll 10, container lift 50";

preg_match_all(
    "~(\d+(?:-\d+)?')? (\D+) (\d+)~",
    $string,
    $matches,
    PREG_SET_ORDER
);

print_r($matches);  // use var_export() to show that no spaces are captured

图案说明：

匹配一个或多个数字，然后可选地匹配一个连字符后跟一个或多个数字，然后匹配一个撇号。整个捕获的序列是可选的。 (Length)
匹配，但不捕获，一个 space。
捕获一个或多个非数字字符。 (Type)
匹配，但不捕获，一个 space。
捕获一位或多位数字。 (Number)

将字符串的部分提取到数组 php

Extracting the parts of string into array php

php

regex

arrays

string

preg-match