为什么XX:MaxDirectMemorySize不能限制Unsafe.allocateMemory?

Why XX:MaxDirectMemorySize can't limit Unsafe.allocateMemory?

下面的代码将分配大量的直接内存但不会导致java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: 直接缓冲内存 :

//JVM args: -Xms10m -Xmx10m -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=10m
    public class DirectMemoryOOM {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
            Field f = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredFields()[0];
            f.setAccessible(true);
            Unsafe us = (Unsafe) f.get(null);
            long size = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
            while (true) {
                long p = us.allocateMemory(size);
                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
                    us.putByte(p + i, Byte.MAX_VALUE);
                }
            }
        }
    }

但是下面的代码会得到java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Direct buffer memory。 我已经看到 的答案,但是 ByteBuffer.allocateDirect 是使用 Unsafe.allocateMemory()

实现的
//JVM args: -Xms10m -Xmx10m -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=10m
public class DirectMemoryOOM {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
        int size = 1024 * 1024;
        System.out.println(sun.misc.VM.maxDirectMemory());
        while (true) {
            ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(size);
        }
    }
}

为什么第一个限制失败?

正如原始答案所说:Unsafe.allocateMemory()os::malloc 的包装器,它不关心 VM 强加的任何内存限制。

ByteBuffer.allocateDirect() 将调用此方法,但在此之前,它会调用 Bits.reserveMemory()(在我的 Java 7 版本中:DirectByteBuffer.java:123)检查内存使用情况过程并抛出您提到的异常。

错误来自调用 allocateDirect 时在 unsafe.allocateMemory(size) 之前调用的 Bits.reserveMemory

reserveMemory 方法进行此验证:

synchronized (Bits.class) {
    if (totalCapacity + cap > maxMemory)
        throw new OutOfMemoryError("Direct buffer memory");
    reservedMemory += size;
    totalCapacity += cap;
    count++;
}

如果所需分配高于从

检索到的maxMemory,则会抛出错误
maxMemory = VM.maxDirectMemory();

直接调用 allocateMemory 将继续本机方法并且不会验证最大容量(这解释了为什么您在第一个片段中没有收到错误)这是 [=20 的主要目标=] 如 reserveMemory

中的评论所述
// -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize limits the total capacity rather than the
// actual memory usage, which will differ when buffers are page
// aligned.
if (cap <= maxMemory - totalCapacity) {
     reservedMemory += size;
     totalCapacity += cap;
     count++;
     return;
}

值得一提的是,您的第一个代码段实施并不是一个好的做法。 Bits.java 中的注释指定只要分配直接内存,就应始终调用 reserveMemory

// These methods should be called whenever direct memory is allocated or
// freed.  They allow the user to control the amount of direct memory
// which a process may access.  All sizes are specified in bytes.
static void reserveMemory(long size, int cap) {