如何根据文件名创建目录并使用 bash 脚本将该文件复制到目录的末尾？

Question

假设我从 YouTube 下载了一个名为 some-user-uploader-how-to-do-something-playlist-video-1.mp4 的视频文件，其中 some-user 是上传者的名字，how-to-do-something 是播放列表的名字，video-1 是视频的名称。现在，我想编写一个 bash 脚本，将文件从当前目录复制到像 /uploader/playlist/ 这样的目录。我知道这对某些人来说可能相当容易，但我对脚本编写真的很陌生。至此，我已经写完了。

#script to copy a file named some-user-uploader-how-to-do-something-
#playlist-video-1.mp4 to /where/to/copy/uploader/playlist
#!/bin/bash

#set the path of the files to FILES 

FILES=*

#goes through all the files one by one and initialize them to f
for f in $FILES
do
    #I have no idea what happens here. I wanted to check if a file has
    #"-playlist" in it's name
    if [[ !($f == ${f%%-playlist*}) ]]
    then
    #set the uploader's name to uploader
    uploader="${f%%-uploader*}"
    #set the playlist's name to playlist
    playlist="${f%%-playlist*}"
        #checks if the destination directory exists
        if [ -f "/where/to/copy/$uploader" ]
        then
            #if it exists prints the message "directory already exists"
            echo "directory already exists."
         else
            #if the directory doesn't exist it creates the directory to
            #name of the uploader 
            `mkdir /where/to/copy/$uploader`
        fi


        #checks if the destination directory exists
        if [ -f "/where/to/copy/$uploader/$playlist" ]
        then
            #if it exists prints the message "directory already exists"
            echo "file already exists."
        else
             #if the directory doesn't exist it creates the directory to
             #name of the playlist
            `mkdir /where/to/copy/$uploader/$playlist`
        fi
        #checks if the file exists in the destination directory
        if [ -f "/where/to/copy/$uploader/$playlist/$f" ]
        then
            #if it exists prints the message "file already exists"
            echo "file already exists."
        else
            #if the file doesn't exist in the destination directory it
            #copies the file to that directory
            `cp -r $f /where/to/copy/$uploader/$playlist/$f`
        fi
fi
done

它工作正常，但我不知道为什么。如果有人可以解释它是如何工作的或知道获得相同结果的更好方法，请提供帮助。

我对脚本所做的更改。希望这对正在寻找具有类似功能的脚本的其他人有所帮助。

#!/bin/bash

# script to move a file named some-user-uploader-how-to-do-something-
# playlist-video-1.mp4 to /where/to/copy/uploader/playlist/video-1.mp4

FILES="*"

DESTDIR=${1:-"/where/to/copy"} 

for f in $FILES
do
    if [[ ! ( "$f" == "${f%%-playlist*}" ) ]]
    then    
        uploader="${f%%-uploader*}"
        uploader_playlist="${f%%-playlist*}"
        playlist="${uploader_playlist#${uploader}-uploader-*}"
        filename="${f#${uploader_playlist}-playlist-*}"

        mkdir -p "$DESTDIR/$uploader/$playlist"

        mv -n "$f" "$DESTDIR/$uploader/$playlist/$filename"

    fi
done

Answer 1

一个应该有效的版本和下面的一些注释。测试一下。
在 chmod u+x Go.sh 之后，您可以使用 ./Go.sh 调用，它将采用默认路径，或者您可以将其传递给另一个目标路径，例如./Go.sh /media/UndercoverLemon/storage/definitive

#!/bin/bash
# Comment from the second line the first is the shebang # [0]
FILES="*"
DESTDIR=${1:-"/media/UndercoverLemon/storage/test"}     # [1]
for f in $FILES
do
    if [[ ! ( "$f" == "${f%%-playlist*}" ) ]]           # [2]
     then    
        uploader="${f%%-uploader*}"                     # [3]
        playlist="${f%%-playlist*}"                     # [4]
        playlist="${playlist#${uploader}-uploader-*}"   # [5]
        mkdir -p  "$DESTDIR/$uploader/$playlist"        # [6] 
        cp -n "$f" "$DESTDIR/$uploader/$playlist/$f"    # [7]
    fi
done

备注：

shebang #!/bin/bash 必须是脚本的第一行。

更好的只有1个地方
在下面检查字符串$f 是否等于-playlist* 之前剪切的字符串。如果相等，则表示没有 $f 中的子字符串“-playlist”。使用 not ! 可以否定测试结果。
这里uploader="some-user"
这里playlist="some-user-uploader-how-to-do-something"。现在你需要剪切当前用户 $uploader 和 关键字 -uploader-
此处播放列表="how-to-do-something"
现在您可以根据需要创建目录。 mkdir -p full/path/to 将如果存在则不报错，并将根据需要创建父目录。
现在您可以根据需要复制文件。选项 -n 会说 cp "do not overwrite an existing file".

如何根据文件名创建目录并使用 bash 脚本将该文件复制到目录的末尾？

How to create directories according to filename and copy that file to the end of the directory using bash scripting?

linux

youtube

bash

video