化简 try/except 不止一个除了

Question

我有 try/except 块处理对某些客户端的 API 请求。

 while attempts < 10:
    try: 
        r = requests.post(server, data=contents,
                          auth=HTTPBasicAuth(service_userid, service_pswd))
        r.raise_for_status()
    except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as errh:
        print ('Http Error:',errh)
        attempts += 1  
        if attempts == 10: 
            body = 'Http Error: ' + str(errh)
            subject = 'Failure'
            sendEmailMessage(SMPTHOST, fromEmailAddr, toEmailAddr, subject, body)
    except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as errc:
        print ('Error Connecting:',errc)
        attempts += 1  
        if attempts == 10: 
            body = 'Error Connecting: ' + str(errh)
            subject = 'Failure'
            sendEmailMessage(SMPTHOST, fromEmailAddr, toEmailAddr, subject, body)
    except requests.exceptions.Timeout as errt:
        print ('Timeout Error:',errt)
        attempts += 1  
        if attempts == 10: 
            body = 'Timeout Error: ' + str(errh)
            subject = 'Failure'
            sendEmailMessage(SMPTHOST, fromEmailAddr, toEmailAddr, subject, body)
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as err:
        print ('Unidentified error: ',err)
        attempts += 1  
        if attempts == 10: 
            body = 'Unidentified error: ' + str(errh)
            subject = 'Failure'
            sendEmailMessage(SMPTHOST, fromEmailAddr, toEmailAddr, subject, body)

如何简化上面的代码？一般来说，我想处理 HTTP 响应错误代码。我只想发送一封包含特定错误信息的电子邮件，以防我在同一呼叫中收到至少 10 个错误代码。

Answer 1

由于在每种情况下要执行的操作都相同，只需将异常分组为一个，然后根据错误自定义消息 class / class 名称：

    except (requests.exceptions.HTTPError,requests.exceptions.ConnectionError,requests.exceptions.RequestException,requests.exceptions.Timeout) as err:
        error_message = "{}: ".format(err.__class__.__name__,err)
        print (error_message)
        attempts += 1  
        if attempts == 10: 
            body = error_message
            subject = 'Failure'
            sendEmailMessage(SMPTHOST, fromEmailAddr, toEmailAddr, subject, body)

如果需要间接寻址，只需创建字典 class name => string/action to perform/whatever.

化简 try/except 不止一个除了

Simplify try/except with more than one except

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化简 try/except 不止一个 除了

Simplify try/except with more than one except

python

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化简 try/except 不止一个除了