在技能意图中使用插槽来搜索 dynamodb

Question

我是 alexa、nodejs 和一般编码的新手，但我目前正在尝试创建一项技能，以使用日期和时间从我的 dynamodb table 中查找机器状态。

我目前已经设置了让 alexa 和 lambda 了解我的插槽值的技能，但我不确定如何将这些值用于 dynamodb 查询并让 alexa 调出相应时间的状态

我的 table 设置了主键和排序键，它们是日期和时间，我有第三列机器状态。

我不确定是否应该为机器状态设置一个自定义插槽，因为它很容易做到，因为只有 4 种可能的状态。

这是我目前拥有的代码，请随时清理部分内容或解释您是如何找到我的解决方案的。

const awsSDK = require('aws-sdk');
const updatedincident = 'updatedincident';
const docClient = new awsSDK.DynamoDB.DocumentClient();

var AWSregion = 'us-east-1';  // us-east-1
var AWS = require('aws-sdk');
var dbClient = new AWS.DynamoDB.DocumentClient();
AWS.config.update({
    region: "'us-east-1'"
});

const params = {
    TableName: "updatedincident",
    Key:{ date: "2018-03-28",
      time: "04:23",
      state: "Blocked Primary"
    }
};

let GetMachineStateIntent = (context, callback) => {    
  var params = {
    TableName: "updatedincident",
    Key: {
      date: "2018-03-28",
      time: "04:23",
      state: "Blocked Primary"
    }
  };
  dbClient.get(params, function (err, data) {
    if (err) {
       // failed to read from table for some reason..
       console.log('failed to load data item:\n' + JSON.stringify(err, null, 2));
       // let skill tell the user that it couldn't find the data 
       sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "the data could not be loaded from your database",
          endSession: false
       });
    } else {
       console.log('loaded data item:\n' + JSON.stringify(data.Item, null, 2));
       // assuming the item has an attribute called "state"..
       sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: data.Item.state,
          endSession: false
       });
    }
  });
};


function sendResponse(context, callback, responseOptions) {
  if(typeof callback === 'undefined') {
    context.succeed(buildResponse(responseOptions));
  } else {
    callback(null, buildResponse(responseOptions));
  }
}

function buildResponse(options) {
  var alexaResponse = {
    version: "1.0",
    response: {
      outputSpeech: {
        "type": "SSML",
        "ssml": `<speak><prosody rate="slow">${options.output}</prosody></speak>`
      },
      shouldEndSession: options.endSession
    }
  };
  if (options.repromptText) {
    alexaResponse.response.reprompt = {
      outputSpeech: {
        "type": "SSML",
        "ssml": `<speak><prosody rate="slow">${options.reprompt}</prosody></speak>`
      }
    };
  }
  return alexaResponse;
}

exports.handler = (event, context, callback) => {
  try {
    var request = event.request;
    if (request.type === "LaunchRequest") {
      sendResponse(context, callback, {
        output: "welcome to my skill, I can tell you about the status of machines at different times. what data are you looking for?",
        endSession: false
      });
  }
    else if (request.type === "IntentRequest") {
      if (request.type === "IntentRequest" 
      // make sure the name of the intent matches the one in interaction model
   && request.intent.name == "GetMachineStateIntent") {
    var dateSlot = request.intent.slots.Date != null ?
                   request.intent.slots.Date.value : "unknown date";
    var timeSlot = request.intent.slots.Time != null ?
                   request.intent.slots.Time.value : "unknown time";
                   
    // respond with speech saying back what the skill thinks the user requested
    sendResponse(context, callback, {
       output: "You wanted the machine state at " 
              + timeSlot + " on " + dateSlot,
       endSession: false
    });
    
    
    var ConfirmationHandlers = Alexa.CreateStateHandler(states.CONFIRMATIONMODE, {
    'YesIntent': function () { 
        this.emit("GetMachineStateIntent"); 
    }, 
    'AMAZON.NoIntent': function () { 
        this.response.speak(GetMachineStateIntent); 
        this.emit(':responseReady'); 
    } 
    });


}
      let options = {};         
      if (request.intent.name === "GetMachineStateIntent") {
        GetMachineStateIntent(context, callback);
      } else if (request.intent.name === "AMAZON.StopIntent" || request.intent.name === "AMAZON.CancelIntent") {
        sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "ok. good bye!",
          endSession: true
        });
      }
      else if (request.intent.name === "AMAZON.HelpIntent") {
        sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "you can ask me about incidents that have happened or states of machines in the past",
          reprompt: "what can I help you with?",
          endSession: false
        });
      }
      else {
        sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "I don't know that one! please try again!",
          endSession: false
        });
      }
    }
    else if (request.type === "SessionEndedRequest") {
      sendResponse(context, callback, ""); // no response needed
    }
    else {
      // an unexpected request type received.. just say I don't know..
      sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "I don't know that one! please try again!",
          endSession: false
      });
    }
  } catch (e) {
    // handle the error by logging it and sending back an failure
    console.log('Unexpected error occurred in the skill handler!', e);
    if(typeof callback === 'undefined') {
       context.fail("Unexpected error");
    } else {
       callback("Unexpected error");
    }
  }
};

更新 ************

回复我目前在 alexa I/O 中的技能

 "request": {
  "type": "IntentRequest",
  "requestId": "amzn1.echo-api.request.c515c39e-4ce1-4f28-97ed-30536fa593b9",
  "timestamp": "2018-05-15T08:55:25Z",
  "locale": "en-GB",
  "intent": {
   "name": "GetMachineStateIntent",
   "confirmationStatus": "NONE",
   "slots": {
    "Time": {
     "name": "Time",
     "value": "04:23",
     "confirmationStatus": "NONE"
    },
    "Date": {
     "name": "Date",
     "value": "2018-03-28",
     "confirmationStatus": "NONE"
    }
   }
  },
  "dialogState": "STARTED"
 }
}

Answer 1

一些观察：

第一在处理 GetMachineStateIntent 的代码分支中，您添加了代码来创建状态处理程序，但它们没有正确连接。充其量该代码什么也不做，最坏的情况是它实际上可能会导致一些问题。删除那个。

    // take the following lines of code out
    var ConfirmationHandlers = Alexa.CreateStateHandler(states.CONFIRMATIONMODE, {
    'YesIntent': function () { 
        this.emit("GetMachineStateIntent"); 
    }, 
    'AMAZON.NoIntent': function () { 
        this.response.speak(GetMachineStateIntent); 
        this.emit(':responseReady'); 
    } 
    });

第二您传递给 DynamoDB 查询的查询参数是硬编码的。这意味着你总是会得到相同的结果。您需要将您在 Intent 中接收到的插槽的值传递到查询的参数中。

  var params = {
    TableName: "updatedincident",
    Key: {
      date: "2018-03-28",
      time: "04:23",
      state: "Blocked Primary"
    }
  };

这些是硬编码的。您只需要指定主键（date）和排序键（'time'），这样您就可以删除state。对于 date 和 time，您必须更改要从 dateSlot 和 timeSlot.

动态传入的值

Third 在处理 IntentRequest 类型请求的代码分支中，您处理了两次 GetMachineStateIntent 并且代码有点多余。重写如下：

   ...
} else if (request.type === "IntentRequest") {
  if (request.intent.name === "GetMachineStateIntent") {
    GetMachineStateIntent(context, callback);
  } else if (request.intent.name === "AMAZON.StopIntent" || request.intent.name === "AMAZON.CancelIntent") {
    sendResponse(context, callback, {
      output: "ok. good bye!",
      endSession: true
    });
  }
  else if (request.intent.name === "AMAZON.HelpIntent") {
    sendResponse(context, callback, {
      output: "you can ask me about incidents that have happened or states of machines in the past",
      reprompt: "what can I help you with?",
      endSession: false
    });
  }
  else {
    sendResponse(context, callback, {
      output: "I don't know that one! please try again!",
      endSession: false
    });
  } 
} else if (request.type === "SessionEndedRequest") {

第四这是最难解释的。当您查询机器状态时，您将提供日期和时间，但据推测，机器状态可能不会以与您查询中的时间值完全匹配的时间戳存储在数据库中。所以你必须做一个本质上等同于 "what is the machine state on date X, at the most recent time before or equal to Y"

的查询

"most recent time before or equal to Y" 部分比较棘手。您必须在 table 上创建一个表达该查询的查询，并且您还必须更改在 table 中存储时间戳的方式，从字符串更改为数字格式，以便您可以轻松地表达这一点不平等。

我将在这里展示如何传递 dateSlot 和 timeSlot 来进行查询，但我建议您研究一下如何让它工作（如果您遇到困难，也许可以提出具体问题）。

这是您的代码，其中包含我提到的修改：

const awsSDK = require('aws-sdk');
const updatedincident = 'updatedincident';
const docClient = new awsSDK.DynamoDB.DocumentClient();

var AWSregion = 'us-east-1';  // us-east-1
var AWS = require('aws-sdk');
var dbClient = new AWS.DynamoDB.DocumentClient();
AWS.config.update({
    region: "'us-east-1'"
});

let GetMachineStateIntent = (context, callback, dateSlot, timeSlot) => {    
  var params = {
    TableName: "updatedincident",
    KeyConditionExpression: '#d = :dVal and #t < :tVal',
    ExpressionAttributeValues: {
       ':dVal': dateSlot,
       ':tVal': timeSlot
    },
    ExpressionAttributeNames: {
       '#d': 'date',
       '#t': 'time'
    },
    ScanIndexForward: false // gets values in reverse order by time 
  };
  dbClient.query(params, function (err, data) {
    if (err) {
       // failed to read from table for some reason..
       console.log('failed to load data item:\n' + JSON.stringify(err, null, 2));
       // let skill tell the user that it couldn't find the data 
       sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "the data could not be loaded from your database",
          endSession: false
       });
    } else {
       let dataItem = data.Items[0];           
console.log('loaded data item:\n' + JSON.stringify(dataItem, null, 2));
       // assuming the item has an attribute called "state"..
       sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: dataItem.state,
          endSession: false
       });
    }
  });
};


function sendResponse(context, callback, responseOptions) {
  if(typeof callback === 'undefined') {
    context.succeed(buildResponse(responseOptions));
  } else {
    callback(null, buildResponse(responseOptions));
  }
}

function buildResponse(options) {
  var alexaResponse = {
    version: "1.0",
    response: {
      outputSpeech: {
        "type": "SSML",
        "ssml": `<speak><prosody rate="slow">${options.output}</prosody></speak>`
      },
      shouldEndSession: options.endSession
    }
  };
  if (options.repromptText) {
    alexaResponse.response.reprompt = {
      outputSpeech: {
        "type": "SSML",
        "ssml": `<speak><prosody rate="slow">${options.reprompt}</prosody></speak>`
      }
    };
  }
  return alexaResponse;
}

exports.handler = (event, context, callback) => {
  try {
    var request = event.request;
    if (request.type === "LaunchRequest") {
      sendResponse(context, callback, {
        output: "welcome to my skill, I can tell you about the status of machines at different times. what data are you looking for?",
        endSession: false
      });
    } else if (request.type === "IntentRequest") {
      if (request.intent.name === "GetMachineStateIntent") {
        var dateSlot = request.intent.slots.Date != null 
             ? request.intent.slots.Date.value : null;
        var timeSlot = request.intent.slots.Time != null
             ? request.intent.slots.Time.value : null;
        // pass the slot values to the GetMachineStateIntent function
        GetMachineStateIntent(context, callback, dateSlot, timeSlot);
      } else if (request.intent.name === "AMAZON.StopIntent" || request.intent.name === "AMAZON.CancelIntent") {
        sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "ok. good bye!",
          endSession: true
        });
      }
      else if (request.intent.name === "AMAZON.HelpIntent") {
        sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "you can ask me about incidents that have happened or states of machines in the past",
          reprompt: "what can I help you with?",
          endSession: false
        });
      }
      else {
        sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "I don't know that one! please try again!",
          endSession: false
        });
      }
    }
    else if (request.type === "SessionEndedRequest") {
      sendResponse(context, callback, ""); // no response needed
    }
    else {
      // an unexpected request type received.. just say I don't know..
      sendResponse(context, callback, {
          output: "I don't know that one! please try again!",
          endSession: false
      });
    }
  } catch (e) {
    // handle the error by logging it and sending back an failure
    console.log('Unexpected error occurred in the skill handler!', e);
    if(typeof callback === 'undefined') {
       context.fail("Unexpected error");
    } else {
       callback("Unexpected error");
    }
  }
};

在技能意图中使用插槽来搜索 dynamodb

using slots in skill intent to search dynamodb

amazon-web-services

amazon-dynamodb

aws-lambda

alexa-skill

alexa-skills-kit

在技​​能意图中使用插槽来搜索 dynamodb

using slots in skill intent to search dynamodb

amazon-web-services

amazon-dynamodb

aws-lambda

alexa-skill

alexa-skills-kit

在技能意图中使用插槽来搜索 dynamodb