如何在文件中搜索第 12 位的字符，如果找到则删除所有行中的那个字符和接下来的 5 个字符？

Question

我正在尝试解析 RSS 提要并压缩行中的信息，以便我仍然拥有条目的日期和时间，但没有毫秒或浪费的空间，因为我正在将文件提供给 xscreensaver 文本可读屏幕宽度受限的抓取。如果这样会更容易，我可以更改我的代码以在格式化文本之前不添加 2 个标题行。感谢任何想法...

The input file at this point looks like this:

ABC World News Feed
RSS Data retrieved from https:--abcnews.go.com-abcnews-headlines
05-24 18:48:16    Truckers' strike leads to fuel shortages in Brazil
05-24 18:48:16    The marathon atop the world's deepest lake
           ^^^^^^
           Remove these character positions starting from 12 to 17 
           from each title line, with colon in 12 but not from the heading lines

So the result should look like:

ABC World News Feed
RSS Data retrieved from https:--abcnews.go.com-abcnews-headlines
05-24 18:48 Truckers' strike leads to fuel shortages in Brazil
05-24 18:48 The marathon atop the world's deepest lake

Answer 1

我的做法是用单个 space:

替换冒号后跟两位数后跟至少一个 space

$ sed 's/:[[:digit:]][[:digit:]]  */ /' file
ABC World News Feed
RSS Data retrieved from https:--abcnews.go.com-abcnews-headlines
05-24 18:48 Truckers' strike leads to fuel shortages in Brazil
05-24 18:48 The marathon atop the world's deepest lake

如果您想要真正具体的位置，您可以使用 ^ 将搜索锚定到行的开头，并使用带有反向引用 </code> 的括号。这里的点 <code>. 匹配任意字符：

$ sed 's/^\(..-.. ..:..\):[[:digit:]][[:digit:]]  */ /' file
ABC World News Feed
RSS Data retrieved from https:--abcnews.go.com-abcnews-headlines
05-24 18:48 Truckers' strike leads to fuel shortages in Brazil
05-24 18:48 The marathon atop the world's deepest lake

Answer 2

关注 awk 可能会对您有所帮助。

awk ' ~ /[0-9]+:[0-9]+:[0-9]+/{sub(/:[0-9]+ +/,OFS)} 1'  Input_file

如果你想将输出保存到 Input_file 本身，那么在上面的命令中也附加 > temp_file && mv temp_file Input_file。

说明：这里也加上说明。

awk '
 ~ /[0-9]+:[0-9]+:[0-9]+/{ ##Checking condition here if 2nd field is matching digit colon digit colon digit pattern then do following.
  sub(/:[0-9]+ +/,OFS)       ##Using substitute function of awk to substitute colon digit(s) then space with OFS whose default value is space in current line.
}
1                            ##awk works on method of condition and then action, so making condition TRUE here and not mentioning action so print will happen.
' Input_file                 ##Mentioning Input_file name here.

如何在文件中搜索第 12 位的字符，如果找到则删除所有行中的那个字符和接下来的 5 个字符？

How can I search a file for a character in position 12 and if found delete that and next 5 characters from all lines?

cut

sed