location = /bar 应该在 Nginx 中匹配什么请求路径？

Question

location = /bar 在 Nginx 中应该匹配什么请求路径？

什么工作正常：`location /bar`

这是我的 nginx 配置、主机文件配置和我的 HTML 文件。

# cat /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/foo
server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name foo;

    root /tmp/;

    location /bar/ {
        alias /var/www/foo/;
    }
}

# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1       localhost foo
127.0.1.1       debian


# cat /tmp/index.html
Hi! I am Tmp!

# cat /var/www/foo/index.html
<p>Hi! I am Index!</p>

# cat /var/www/foo/max.html
<p>Hi! I am Max!</p>

对根、/bar/ 和 /bar/max.html 的 HTTP 请求产生了预期的结果输出：

# systemctl restart nginx && curl http://foo/
Hi! I am Tmp!

# systemctl restart nginx && curl http://foo/bar/
<p>Hi! I am Index!</p>

# systemctl restart nginx && curl http://foo/bar/max.html
<p>Hi! I am Max!</p>

什么不能正常工作：`location = /bar`

现在我编辑配置以将 location /bar 替换为 location = /bar:

# cat /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/foo
server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name foo;

    root /tmp/;

    location = /bar/ {
        alias /var/www/foo/;
    }
}

# systemctl restart nginx && curl http://foo/
Hi! I am Tmp!

这些 HTTP 请求不再有效：

# systemctl restart nginx && curl http://foo/bar/
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.10.3</center>
</body>
</html>

# tail -n 1 /var/log/nginx/error.log
2018/05/25 00:07:50 [error] 29157#29157: *1 open() "/tmp/bar/index.html" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 127.0.0.1, server: foo, request: "GET /bar/ HTTP/1.1", host: "foo"

# systemctl restart nginx && curl http://foo/bar
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.10.3</center>
</body>
</html>

# tail -n 1 /var/log/nginx/error.log
2018/05/25 00:08:49 [error] 29203#29203: *1 open() "/tmp/bar" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 127.0.0.1, server: foo, request: "GET /bar HTTP/1.1", host: "foo"

# systemctl restart nginx && curl http://foo/bar/max.html
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body bgcolor="white">
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.10.3</center>
</body>
</html>

# tail -n 1 /var/log/nginx/error.log
2018/05/25 00:10:10 [error] 29265#29265: *1 open() "/tmp/bar/max.html" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 127.0.0.1, server: foo, request: "GET /bar/max.html HTTP/1.1", host: "foo"

/bar 或 /bar/ 的 GET 请求似乎与 location = /bar/ 指令匹配？我认为这些请求应该适用于此指令，因为 http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#location 提到：

Also, using the “=” modifier it is possible to define an exact match of URI and location. If an exact match is found, the search terminates.

但正如我的示例中所解释的那样，它似乎不起作用？那么什么样的请求会匹配location = /bar指令呢？

Answer 1

URI /bar/ 依赖 index 指令 在内部 将 URI 重写为 /bar/index.html。有关详细信息，请参阅 this document。

完全匹配location语法将仅匹配原始URI，不重写的URI。

nginx 将使用默认的 location（在您的配置中是 server 上下文）处理重写的 URI。因此，将在 /tmp/bar/index.html 处搜索 URI /bar/index.html，但未找到。

location = /bar 应该在 Nginx 中匹配什么请求路径？

What request path is location = /bar supposed to match in Nginx?

configuration

location

nginx

httprequest

什么工作正常：`location /bar`

什么不能正常工作：`location = /bar`

location = /bar 应该在 Nginx 中匹配什么请求路径？

What request path is location = /bar supposed to match in Nginx?

configuration

location

nginx

httprequest

什么工作正常：location /bar

什么不能正常工作：location = /bar

什么工作正常：`location /bar`

什么不能正常工作：`location = /bar`