我的 OPENGL GLFW window 没有随时间更新颜色

Question

我正在关注 openGL superbible 第七版。

在我正在查看的项目中，应该在创建的 window 中制作随时间变化的背景颜色。 https://github.com/openglsuperbible/sb7code 提供了所有项目的源文件和我使用的设置。我运行它将于 Visual Studio 2017 年发布。

下面是输出window的输出：

'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Users\Danie\OneDrive\Documents\sb7code-master\sb7code-master\bin\singlepoint.exe'. Module was built without symbols.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ntdll.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kernel32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\KernelBase.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\user32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\win32u.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\gdi32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\gdi32full.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msvcp_win.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ucrtbase.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\opengl32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msvcrt.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\advapi32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sechost.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\rpcrt4.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\sspicli.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cryptbase.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcryptprimitives.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\vcruntime140.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\glu32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\imm32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\uxtheme.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\combase.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\winmm.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\winmmbase.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\cfgmgr32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\winmmbase.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\winmmbase.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\winmmbase.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\winmmbase.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\dwmapi.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\msctf.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\oleaut32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\nvhm.inf_amd64_ebea877f10dfbbc7\nvinit.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\version.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ig8icd32.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\shell32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\SHCore.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\windows.storage.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\shlwapi.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\kernel.appcore.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\profapi.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\powrprof.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\fltLib.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\igdusc32.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\wtsapi32.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\version.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\nvhm.inf_amd64_ebea877f10dfbbc7\nvinit.dll'
The thread 0x169c has exited with code 0 (0x0).
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\version.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\version.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\dxgi.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\d3d11.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ResourcePolicyClient.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ResourcePolicyClient.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\nvhm.inf_amd64_ebea877f10dfbbc7\nvinit.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\version.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\igd10iumd32.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\igd10iumd32.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\igd10iumd32.dll'. Cannot find or open the PDB file.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ncrypt.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcrypt.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcrypt.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\bcrypt.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ntasn1.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\version.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\nvhm.inf_amd64_ebea877f10dfbbc7\nvinit.dll'
The thread 0x3168 has exited with code 0 (0x0).
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\TextInputFramework.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\CoreUIComponents.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\CoreMessaging.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\ntmarta.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WinTypes.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WinTypes.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WinTypes.dll'
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Loaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WinTypes.dll'. Symbols loaded.
'singlepoint.exe' (Win32): Unloaded 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\WinTypes.dll'

我知道在输出中打印出这些符号并不是必需的，因为它们主要用于在 DLL 中出现错误时进行调试。但是我觉得问题的根源是这一行： 'singlepoint.exe' (Win32)：已加载 'C:\Windows\System32\DriverStore\FileRepository\nvhm.inf_amd64_ebea877f10dfbbc7\nvinit.dll'。无法找到或打开 PDB 文件。我可能完全错了，但这是我目前唯一能看出不合适的地方。

这个项目的源cpp文件：

 /*
      Copyright © 2012-2015 Graham Sellers

      Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
     copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
      to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
      the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
      and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
      Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

      The above copyright notice and this permission notice (including the next
      paragraph) shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the
      Software.

      THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
      IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
      FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL
     THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
      LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
      FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
      DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
     */
 #include <sb7.h>

class simpleclear_app : public sb7::application
{
    void init()
    {
        static const char title[] = "OpenGL SuperBible - Simple Clear";

        sb7::application::init();

        memcpy(info.title, title, sizeof(title));
    }

    virtual void render(double currentTime)
    {
        static const GLfloat color[] = { (float)sin(currentTime*20)*2.5f+.5f,
                                         (float)cos(currentTime*20)*2.5f+.5f,
                                         0.0f, 
                                         1.0f};
        glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, 0, color);
    }
};

DECLARE_MAIN(simpleclear_app)

Answer 1

virtual void render(double currentTime)
{
    static const GLfloat color[] = { (float)sin(currentTime*20)*2.5f+.5f,
                                     (float)cos(currentTime*20)*2.5f+.5f,
                                     0.0f, 
                                     1.0f};
    glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, 0, color);
}

您已将 color 标记为 static。这意味着它只会在第一次调用此函数时收到一个值，并且永远不会再次更新（并且因为它被标记为 const，它不能在初始化后更改，除非依赖于未定义的行为）。删除 static 关键字，此函数的行为应符合您的预期。

此外，"Cannot find or open the PDB file" 错误与您的问题无关，与您的问题无关。它的唯一后果是在调试器中单步执行某些函数变得更加困难。

我的 OPENGL GLFW window 没有随时间更新颜色

My OPENGL GLFW window is not updating color over time

c++

opengl

graphics

time

glfw