如何使用promise在循环后获取数据

How to get data after loop using promise

我正在处理异步问题。我正在制作一个网络抓取器,在我抓取网络后,我需要将数据放入我的 MongoDB 数据库中。我需要将它发送到前端,但由于我有一个循环元素我不能把 res.json() 放在里面,因为它会报错(你只能在 res.json()).

之后发送一次

我被困在这里了。我以前用过 promises,但这很令人困惑。

router.get('/scrape', (req, res) => {
  request('http://www.nytimes.com', function test(error, response, html) {
    const $ = cheerio.load(html);

    // An empty array to save the data that we'll scrape
    const results = [];

    $('h2.story-heading, p.summary').each(function(i, element) {
      const link = $(element)
        .children()
        .attr('href');
      const title = $(element)
        .children()
        .text();
      const summary = $(element)
        .children()
        .text();

      const data = {
        title: title,
        link: link,
        summary: summary,
      };

      articles
        .create(data)
        .then((resp) => results.push(resp))
        // .then((resp) => Promise.resolve(results)) //
        // .then((jsonDta ) => res.json(jsonData)) // error you can only give response once.
        .catch((err) => reject(err));
    });
    console.log(results); // empty array
    res.json(results)// empty 
  });
});

我的计划是:

我需要将查询方法 create... 放在循环中,因为我需要每个数据都有一个 id。

使用 .map 函数 return 所有对 Promise.all 的承诺,然后 return 结果。

      request('http://www.nytimes.com', function test(error, response, html) {
        const $ = cheerio.load(html);

        var summary = $('h2.story-heading, p.summary')
        Promise.all(summary.map((i, element) =>{
            const data = {
              title: $(element).children().text(),
              link: $(element).children().attr('href'),
              summary: $(element).children().text(),
            };

           return articles
            .create(data)

        }).get())
        .then((result)=>{
        console.log(result);
        res.json(result);
        });
    })

您可以将 $('h2.story-heading, p.summary') 中包含的元素映射到一个 promises 数组,然后与 Promise.all() 进行聚合,而不是尝试直接累加结果。您想要的结果将在 Promise.all(...).then(...).

前送达
router.get('/scrape', (req, res) => {
    request('http://www.nytimes.com', function test(error, response, html) {
        const $ = cheerio.load(html);
        const promises = $('h2.story-heading, p.summary')
        .get() // as in jQuery, .get() unwraps Cheerio and returns Array
        .map(function(element) { // this is Array.prototype.map()
            return articles.create({
                'title': $(element).children().text(),
                'link': $(element).children().attr('href'),
                'summary': $(element).children().text()
            })
            .catch(err => { // catch so any one failure doesn't scupper the whole scrape.
                return {}; // on failure of articles.create(), inject some kind of default object (or string or whatever).
            });
        });
        // At this point, you have an array of promises, which need to be aggregated with Promise.all().
        Promise.all(promises)
        .then(results => { // Promise.all() should accept whatever promises are returned by articles.create().
            console.log(results);
            res.json(results);
        });
    });
});

如果你想让任何一个失败破坏整个刮擦,然后省略 catch() 并将 catch() 添加到 Promise.all().then() 链。

备注:

  1. 对于 .get()(以及大多数其他方法),jQuery documentation is better than the Cheerio documentation(但要小心,因为 Cheerio 是 jQuery 的精简版)。

  2. 你根本不需要new Promise()articles.create().

  3. 返回你需要的所有承诺

类似这样的东西可能有效(代码未测试)

router.get('/scrape', (req, res) => {
  request('http://www.nytimes.com', function test(error, response, html) {
    const $ = cheerio.load(html);

    // An empty array to save the data that we'll scrape
    const results = [];

    $('h2.story-heading, p.summary').each(function(i, element) {
      const link = $(element)
        .children()
        .attr('href');
      const title = $(element)
        .children()
        .text();
      const summary = $(element)
        .children()
        .text();

      const data = {
        title: title,
        link: link,
        summary: summary,
      };

      const articleCreate = articles.create(data); 
      results.push(articleCreate);

    });

    console.log(results); // this is array of promise functions.

    Promise.all(results).then(allResults => {
      res.json(allResults)
    });

    // or you could use array.reduce for sequantial resolve instead of Promise.all
  });
});