Javascript 多个 "try" 秒

Question

我们都知道JS中的基本转义机制：

try {
    ...
}
catch(err) {
    ..
}

我有一个 JSON 数据，我想在其中检查潜在客户是否有全名。如果没有，尝试用名字和姓氏字段组成一个（我实际上在那里硬编码 space 这也是一个问题。）最后如果全部失败显示 "No Name".

或者伪代码：

try {
    name = lead['Details']['Name']['Full'];
} else try {
    name = lead['Details']['Name']['First'] + " " + lead['Details']['Name']['Last'];
} catch (e) {
    name = "No Name";
}

有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

您可以将第二个 try/catch 块嵌套在第一个 try/catch 块的异常块中，如下所示：

try {
    name = lead['Details']['Name']['Full'];
} catch(ex0) {      
  try {
      name = lead['Details']['Name']['First'] + " " + lead['Details']['Name']['Last'];
  } catch (ex1) {
      name = "No Name";
  }
}

这是有效的语法，在功能上等同于您所需要的

Answer 2

除了 2 年后的事实，但在 Babeljs 的支持下，最合适的解决方案应该基于 Optional chaining，这个 Q 仍然是练习完全基于函数的方法的完美目标。

实施例如afterThrowing method modifier 可能导致表达式与 OP 的伪代码一样短且接近...

try {
  name = lead['Meta']['Name']['Full'];
} else try {
  name = lead['Details']['Name']['First'] + " " + lead['Details']['Name']['Last'];
} catch (e) {
  name = 'No Name';
}

...然后会变成...

function getFullName(lead) {
  return lead['Meta']['Name']['Full'];
}
function getComposedFullName(lead) {
  return lead['Details']['Name']['First'] + " " + lead['Details']['Name']['Last'];
}

const name = (getFullName.afterThrowing((error, [data] = args) =>

  (getComposedFullName.afterThrowing((/*error,[data]=args*/) => 'No Name')(data))

)(lead));

...实现和示例代码作为概念证明...

const leadTestSample = {
  success: {
    fullName: {
      Meta: {
        Name: {
          Full: "Mary Jane Doe"
        }
      }
    },
    composed: {
      Details: {
        Name: {
          First: "Jane",
          Last: "Doe"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  failure: {
    Meta: {},
    Details: {}
  }
};


function getFullName(lead) {
  return lead['Meta']['Name']['Full'];
}
function getComposedFullName(lead) {
  return lead['Details']['Name']['First'] + " " + lead['Details']['Name']['Last'];
}
const nameDefault = 'No Name';


/*
try {
  name = lead['Meta']['Name']['Full'];
} else try {
  name = lead['Details']['Name']['First'] + " " + lead['Details']['Name']['Last'];
} catch (e) {
  name = 'No Name';
}
*/

const fullNameData = leadTestSample.success.fullName;
const composedData = leadTestSample.success.composed;
const failureData = leadTestSample.failure;

console.log(
  (getFullName.afterThrowing((error, [data] = args) =>

    (getComposedFullName.afterThrowing(() => nameDefault)(data))

  )(fullNameData))
);
console.log(
  (getFullName.afterThrowing((error, [data] = args) =>

    (getComposedFullName.afterThrowing(() => nameDefault)(data))

  )(composedData))
);
console.log(
  (getFullName.afterThrowing((error, [data] = args) =>

    (getComposedFullName.afterThrowing(() => nameDefault)(data))

  )(failureData))
);

.as-console-wrapper { min-height: 100%!important; top: 0; }

<script>
  (function (Function) {

    const fctPrototype = Function.prototype;
    const FUNCTION_TYPE = (typeof Function);

    function isFunction(type) {
      return (
           (typeof type == FUNCTION_TYPE)
        && (typeof type.call == FUNCTION_TYPE)
        && (typeof type.apply == FUNCTION_TYPE)
      );
    }
    function getSanitizedTarget(target) {
      return ((target != null) && target) || null;
    }

    function afterThrowing/*Modifier*/(handler, target) {
      target = getSanitizedTarget(target);

      const proceed = this;
      return (

        isFunction(handler) &&
        isFunction(proceed) &&

        function () {
          const context = target || getSanitizedTarget(this);
          const args = arguments;

          let result;
          try {
            result = proceed.apply(context, args);

          } catch (exception) {

            result = handler.call(context, exception, args);
          }
          return result;
        }

      ) || proceed;
    }
    // afterThrowing.toString = () => 'afterThrowing() { [native code] }';

    Object.defineProperty(fctPrototype, 'afterThrowing', {
      configurable: true,
      writable: true,
      value: afterThrowing/*Modifier*/
    });

  }(Function));
</script>

我不介意有一天，JavaScript 正式推出...... Function.prototype[before|after|around|afterThrowing|afterFinally].

Answer 3

而不是仅使用一个 try-catch 块来执行此操作。正如我们所知，当访问不存在的内容时，我们什么时候会在 javascript 中出现类型错误。

See the below code snippet.

function getName(isFullName='true'){

  try{
     if(isFullName)
       name = lead['Details']['Name']['Full'];       
     else
       name = lead['Details']['Name']['First'] + " " + lead['Details']['Name']['Last'];       
     }
   catch(e){
     if (e instanceof TypeError && isFullName) 
         getName(false);
     name = 'No name';   
    }
}

如果名称是全名未定义，那么我们需要添加一个额外的 if 块来检查未定义的大小写。

Javascript 多个 "try" 秒

Javascript multiple "try"s

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