如何在 Flutter 中将焦点转移到下一个 TextField?

How to shift focus to the next TextField in Flutter?

我是 Flutter 的新手。

我正在使用以下小部件构建一个包含多个文本输入的表单:Form、TextFormField。出现的键盘不显示 "next"(应将焦点转移到下一个字段)字段操作,而是显示 "done" 操作(隐藏键盘)。

我在官方文档中寻找任何提示,没有发现直接可以做的事情。 我虽然登陆了 FocusNode(cookbook, api doc)。它提供了通过某个按钮或应用程序上的任何其他操作来转移焦点的机制,但我希望它位于 keyboard.

找到实现方法。

  1. 显示下一个图标而不是完成 - 将 textInputAction 参数设置为 TextInputAction.next

  2. 使用onFieldSubmitted回调请求下一个字段的焦点节点。

    class FormWidget extends StatelessWidget{    
       final focus = FocusNode();
       @override
       Widget build(BuildContext context) {
        return Form(
          child: SingleChildScrollView(
            padding: EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 16.0),
            child: Column(
              crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.stretch,
              children: <Widget>[
                TextFormField(
                  textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                  autofocus: true,
                  decoration: InputDecoration(labelText: "Input 1"),
                  onFieldSubmitted: (v){
                    FocusScope.of(context).requestFocus(focus);
                  },
                ),
                TextFormField(
                  focusNode: focus,
                  decoration: InputDecoration(labelText: "Input 2"),
                ),
              ],
            ),
          ),
        );
      }
    }
    

编辑:如文档中所述 (flutter.io/docs/cookbook/forms/focus),- 我们还需要管理 FocusNode 生命周期。因此,在 init() 方法中初始化 FocusNode,并在父 Widget 的 dispose() 中进行处理。 - @AntonDerevyanko

更新:不用FocusNodeFocusScopeNode也可以实现同样的效果,只需调用FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(),看看 on how to do that. For more info check doc

截图:


只需使用:

textInputAction: TextInputAction.next: 将光标移动到下一个字段。

textInputAction: TextInputAction.done:关闭键盘。

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return Scaffold(
    body: Column(
      children: <Widget>[
        TextField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: 'TextField A'),
          textInputAction: TextInputAction.next, // Moves focus to next.
        ),
        TextField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: 'TextField B'),
          textInputAction: TextInputAction.next, // Moves focus to next.
        ),
        TextField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: 'TextField C'),
          textInputAction: TextInputAction.done, // Hides the keyboard.
        ),
      ],
    ),
  );
}

对于TextFormFeild使用可以使用onFieldSubmitted

TextFormField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: "Username"),
          textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
          onFieldSubmitted: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(), // focus to next
        ),
TextFormField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: "Password"),
          textInputAction: TextInputAction.done,
          onFieldSubmitted: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).unfocus(), // Unfocus and hide keyboard
        ),

不知道确切原因,但 onFieldSubmitted 有时会跳过一个或多个字段,在这种情况下 onEditingComplete 会按预期工作

TextFormField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: "Username"),
          textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
          onEditingComplete : (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(), // focus to next
        ),
TextFormField(
          decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: "Password"),
          textInputAction: TextInputAction.done,
          onEditingComplete : (_) => FocusScope.of(context).unfocus(), // Unfocus and hide keyboard
        ),

我用过 onSubmitted 而不是 onFieldSubmitted

示例代码

      TextField(
                textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                onSubmitted: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(),
                controller: _phoneController,
                decoration: const InputDecoration(
                  labelText: 'Phone number',
                ),
                style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.white),
              ),

这是 回答的附加步骤,因为当文本字段之间存在可聚焦的小部件时,它在更复杂的 UI 中不起作用,例如:

  • 当密码字段有一个可点击的切换图标时
  • 当字段之间有一个按钮(或其他一些可聚焦的小部件)时...

这里的解决办法是一直调用'nextFocus()'直到找到'EditableText'

   @override
    Widget build(BuildContext context) {
      return Scaffold(
        body: Column(
          children: <Widget>[
            TextField(
              decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: "TextField A"),
              textInputAction: textInputAction1,
              onSubmitted: (_) => context.nextEditableTextFocus(), // move focus to next
            ),
            TextField(
              decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: "TextField B"),
              textInputAction: textInputAction2,
              onSubmitted: (_) => context.nextEditableTextFocus(), // move focus to next
            ),
            MaterialButton(
             onPressed: () {},
             color: Colors.amber,
            ),
            TextField(
              decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: "TextField C"),
              textInputAction: textInputAction3,
              onSubmitted: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).unfocus(), // submit and hide keyboard
            ),
          ],
        ),
      );
    }

其中扩展方法是:

extension Utility on BuildContext {
  void nextEditableTextFocus() {
    do {
      FocusScope.of(this).nextFocus();
    } while (FocusScope.of(this).focusedChild?.context?.widget is! EditableText);
  }
}

对我来说,这很有效,它会在输入第一个数字时移动到下一个输入

Row(
                  children: <Widget>[
                    Expanded(
                      child: TextFormField(
                        textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                        onChanged: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(),
                          controller:c1 ,)
                    ),
                    SizedBox(
                      width: 20.0,
                    ),
                    Expanded(
                      child: TextFormField(
                        textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                        onChanged: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(),
                          controller:c2 ,),
                    ),
                    SizedBox(
                      width: 20.0,
                    ),
                    Expanded(
                      child: TextFormField(
                          controller:c3 ,
                        textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                        onChanged: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(),),
                    ),
                    SizedBox(
                      width: 20.0,
                    ),
                    Expanded(
                      child: TextFormField(
                          controller:c4 ,
                        textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                        onChanged: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(),),
                    ),
                    SizedBox(
                      width: 20.0,
                    ),
                    Expanded(
                      child: TextFormField(

                          controller:c5 ,
                        textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                        onChanged: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus(),),
                    ),
                    SizedBox(
                      width: 20.0,
                    ),
                    Expanded(
                      child: TextFormField(
                          controller:c6 ,
                        textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
                        onChanged: (_) => FocusScope.of(context).unfocus(),
                          ),
                    )
                  ],
                )

您可以使用此辅助函数聚焦下一个文本字段:

void focusNextTextField(BuildContext context) {
  do {
    var foundFocusNode = FocusScope.of(context).nextFocus();
    if (!foundFocusNode) return;
  } while (FocusScope.of(context).focusedChild.context.widget is! EditableText);
}

我尝试只添加 textInputAction属性,但没有添加其他任何东西。

也许新版本的 Flutter 改进了这个功能? 或者需要 StatefulWidget 和 FormKey 才能正常工作?

我正在使用 Flutter(频道稳定,1.22.5)

试一试:

class MyForm extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  State createState() => _myFormState();
}

class _myFormState extends State<MyForm> {
  //
  final _formKey = GlobalKey<FormState>();

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Form(
      key: _formKey,
      child: Column(
        children: [
          TextFormField(
            // *** Just added this
            textInputAction: TextInputAction.next,
            decoration: const InputDecoration(
              labelText: 'Input 1',
            ),
          ),
          TextFormField(
            textInputAction: TextInputAction.done,
            decoration: const InputDecoration(
              labelText: 'Input 2',
            ),
          )
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

感谢@haytham-anmar 分享的扩展和@natesh-bhat 的扩展!

但是由于 EditableText 树(参考:Move text editing Actions to EditableTextState #90684)的重大更改,这对于 Flutter 的未来版本将不再适用。

请考虑以下迁移代码:

迁移前:

extension Utility on BuildContext {
  void nextEditableTextFocus() {
    do {
      FocusScope.of(this).nextFocus();
    } while (FocusScope.of(this).focusedChild?.context?.widget is! EditableText);
  }
}

迁移后:

extension Utility on BuildContext {
  void nextEditableTextFocus() {
    do {
      FocusScope.of(this).nextFocus();
    } while (FocusScope.of(this).focusedChild!.context == null);
  }
}