为整个协会建立变更集

Building changeset for entire association

我在这里读到了 cast_assoc/3。但是文档看起来很混乱。我想构建 single changeset for the entire association 并在一个事务中执行它以进行更新。这是我的模特 ;

    defmodule User do      
     use Gallery.Web, :model


     schema "users" do   
       field(:name, :string)
       field(:occupation, :string)
       has_many(:paintings, Painting)
     end

    def changeset(struct, params \ %{}) do
     struct
     |> cast(params, [ :name, :occupation ])
     |> validate_required([:name, :occupation]) 
    end
   end

   defmodule Painting do      
     use Gallery.Web, :model


     schema "paintings" do   
       field(:name, :string)          
       belongs_to(:users, User)
     end

    def changeset(struct, params \ %{}) do
     struct
     |> cast(params, [ :name ])
     |> validate_required([:name]) 
    end
   end

这是我要构建

的单个变更集的数据
data= %User{
    __meta__: #Ecto.Schema.Metadata<:loaded, "users">,
   id: 4606,
   name: "Test",
   occupation: "Artist",
   paintings: [
     %Painting{
     __meta__: #Ecto.Schema.Metadata<:loaded, "paintings">,
     user_id: 4606,
     id: 1515,
     name: "philip"
     },
   %Painting{
    __meta__: #Ecto.Schema.Metadata<:loaded, "paintings">,
    user_id: 4606,
    id: 1516,
    name: "john"
    }
  ]
 }

有什么建议吗?

谢谢

要使变更集正常工作,您的数据需要是普通映射而不是结构(就好像您是从参数中获取的一样)。

如果您只想插入拥有多幅画作的用户,您需要:

  • 摆脱结构
  • 摆脱 id(如果插入是动态创建的)
  • 在用户变更集中有 cast_assoc

像这样:

data = %{
  name: "Test",
  occupation: "Artist",
  paintings: [
    %{
      name: "philip"
    },
    %{
      name: "john"
    }
  ]
}

%User{}
|> User.changeset(data)
|> Repo.insert

如果您还想以这种方式更新内容,则会变得更加复杂。目前尚不清楚 data 中的绘画列表是否应该更新现有的绘画、添加新的或删除所有以前的绘画并用 data 中的绘画替换它们。我个人不建议使用嵌套的变更集进行更新。 https://hexdocs.pm/ecto/Ecto.Changeset.html#cast_assoc/3

澄清后更新:

要更新所有的绘画,您还需要做两件事。您需要:

  • 预加载画作
  • 数据中有绘画id

像这样:

data = %{
  name: "Test",
  occupation: "Artist",
  paintings: [
    %{
      id: 1,
      name: "philip"
    },
    %{
      id: 2,
      name: "john"
    }
  ]
}

User
|> Repo.get_by(id: user_id)
|> Repo.preload(:paintings)
|> User.changeset(data)
|> Repo.update

您不需要使用 Multi。这将是一次交易。使用一次Repo模块通常表示一次数据库操作。

所有的魔法都发生在 paintings: [...]。根据文档,您有四种情况:

  • If the parameter does not contain an ID, the parameter data will be passed to changeset/2 with a new struct and become an insert operation
  • If the parameter contains an ID and there is no associated child with such ID, the parameter data will be passed to changeset/2 with a new struct and become an insert operation
  • If the parameter contains an ID and there is an associated child with such ID, the parameter data will be passed to changeset/2 with the existing struct and become an update operation
  • If there is an associated child with an ID and its ID is not given as parameter, the :on_replace callback for that association will be invoked (see the “On replace” section on the module documentation)

您对第三种情况感兴趣,可以更新到位。如果你没有通过data所有的画,你可能对第四幅也感兴趣