链接器错误 - 不确定它没有链接什么

Question

我一直在努力找出我的代码中没有正确链接或声明的内容。我正在用 C++ 编写一个简单的游戏引擎用于学习目的，并试图创建一个状态机。链接器错误与 unordered_list、list 或 map 有关。我不确定是哪个。错误是针对具有两个参数的构造函数，它们是两个 typedef，并且包含在我显示的代码中，当我调用该构造函数时发生错误。

IState.h

#ifndef ZX_STATE_H
#define ZX_STATE_H

#include "coreDefines.h"
#include "zxstring.h"
ZX_NS_START

class IState
{
    tstring pm_name;
public:
    const tstring& name();
    virtual ~IState() = default;
    virtual void Pre() = 0;
    virtual void Run() = 0;
    virtual void Post() = 0;
};

ZX_NS_END
#endif

IStateMachine.h

#ifndef ZX_ISTATEMACHINE_H
#define ZX_ISTATEMACHINE_H
#include "object.h"
#include "zxstring.h"
#include "IState.h"
#include <unordered_set>
#include <map>
#include <list>

ZX_NS_START
typedef std::map<tstring, IState*> StateMap;
typedef std::unordered_set<tstring> StateSet;
typedef std::list<StateSet> RunOrder;
class IStateMachine : object, IState
{
public:
    const tstring defaultState = T("zx default state");

    IStateMachine();
    IStateMachine(RunOrder** runOrder, StateSet** states);
    virtual ~IStateMachine();
    void Add(IState* state);
    void Remove(IState* state);

private:
    StateMap pm_states;
    RunOrder** pm_runOrder;
    StateSet** pm_activeStates;

    void Pre() override;
    void Run() override;
    void Post() override;

    void SetUpDefaultState();
    class DefaultState: IState
    {
        IStateMachine* pm_parent;
    public:
        DefaultState();
        explicit DefaultState(IStateMachine* parent);
        void Pre() override;
        void Run() override;
        void Post() override;
    };
};

ZX_NS_END
#endif

IStateMachine.cpp

#include "IStateMachine.h"
USINGZX;

IStateMachine::IStateMachine(): pm_states(StateMap()), pm_runOrder(nullptr), pm_activeStates(nullptr)
{
    SetUpDefaultState();
}

IStateMachine::IStateMachine(RunOrder** runOrder, StateSet** states) : pm_states(StateMap()), pm_runOrder(runOrder), pm_activeStates(states)
{
    SetUpDefaultState();
}

IStateMachine::~IStateMachine()
{
    delete pm_states[defaultState];
}


void IStateMachine::Add(IState* state)
{
    pm_states.insert(std::make_pair(state->name(), state));
}

void IStateMachine::Remove(IState* state)
{
    pm_states.erase(state->name());
}


void IStateMachine::Pre()
{
    pm_states[defaultState]->Pre();
}

void IStateMachine::Run()
{
    pm_states[defaultState]->Run();
}

void IStateMachine::Post()
{
    pm_states[defaultState]->Post();
}

void IStateMachine::SetUpDefaultState()
{
    DefaultState* def = new DefaultState(this);
    pm_states.insert(std::make_pair(defaultState, (IState*)def));
}

IStateMachine::DefaultState::DefaultState() :pm_parent(nullptr)
{
}

IStateMachine::DefaultState::DefaultState(IStateMachine* parent): pm_parent(parent)
{
}

void IStateMachine::DefaultState::Pre()
{
    for(const auto& states : **pm_parent->pm_runOrder)
    {
        for(const auto& runState : states)
        {
            pm_parent->pm_states[runState]->Pre();
        }
    }
}

void IStateMachine::DefaultState::Run()
{
    for(const auto& states: **pm_parent->pm_runOrder)
    {
        for(const auto& runState : states)
        {
            pm_parent->pm_states[runState]->Run();
        }
    }
}

void IStateMachine::DefaultState::Post()
{
    for (const auto& states : **pm_parent->pm_runOrder)
    {
        for (const auto& runState : states)
        {
            pm_parent->pm_states[runState]->Post();
        }
    }
}

这是很长...很长的错误消息

错误LNK2019未解析的外部符号"public: __thiscall Zx::IStateMachine::IStateMachine(class std::list,class std::allocator >,struct std::hash,class std::allocator > >,struct std::equal_to,class std::allocator > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator > > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator >,struct std::hash,class std::allocator > >,struct std::equal_to,class std::allocator > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator > > > > > * *,class std::unordered_set,class std::allocator >,struct std::hash,class std::allocator > >,struct std::equal_to,class std::allocator > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator > > > * *)" (??0IStateMachine@Zx@@QAE@PAPAV?$list@V?$unordered_set@V?$basic_string@_WU? $char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@U?$hash@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@ std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@U?$equal_to@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@ @V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@V?$allocator@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@ _W@2@@std@@@2@@std@@V?$allocator@V?$unordered_set@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std @@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@U?$hash@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@ 2@@std@@@2@U?$equal_to@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@ @std@@@2@V?$allocator@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2 @@std@@@2@@std@@PAPAV?$unordered_set@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W @2@@std@@U?$hash@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2 @U?$equal_to@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@V ?$allocator@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@@3@@Z) 引用在函数 "public: __thiscall TestStateMachine::TestStateMachine(class std::list,class std::allocator >,struct std::hash,class std::allocator > >,struct std::equal_to,class std::allocator > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator > > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator >,struct std::hash,class std::allocator > >,struct std::equal_to,class std::allocator > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator > > > > > * *,class std::unordered_set,class std::allocator >,struct std::hash,class std::allocator > >,struct std::equal_to,class std::allocator > >,class std::allocator,class std::allocator > > > * *)" (??0TestStateMachine@@QAE@PAPAV?$ list@V?$unordered_set@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@U?$ hash@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@U?$equal_to@ V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@V?$allocator@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@@std@@V?$allocator@V?$unordered_set @V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@U?$hash@V?$basic_string @_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@U?$equal_to@V?$basic_string@_WU ?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@V?$allocator@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@@std@@@2@@std@@PAPAV?$unordered_set@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@U?$hash@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@U?$equal_to@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@ _W@std@@V?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@V?$allocator@V?$basic_string@_WU?$char_traits@_W@std@@V ?$allocator@_W@2@@std@@@2@@2@@Z)

我通常可以很容易地解决这些问题，但无论出于何种原因，这个问题都难倒了我。（可能与错误消息中不可读的类型有关）

我认为这不会产生任何后果，但是，这是调用链接器错误的测试代码

StateMachineTest.cpp

class TestStateMachine : zx IStateMachine
{
public:
    TestStateMachine(zx RunOrder** order, zx StateSet** active) : zx IStateMachine(order, active)
    {

    }
};

TEST_CLASS(StateMachineTest)
{
public:
    TEST_METHOD(IStateMachineTest)
    {
        auto* order = new zx RunOrder();
        auto* active = new zx StateSet();



        TestStateMachine test = TestStateMachine(&order, &active);
    }

};

Answer 1

假设 USINGZX 是 using namespace zx; 那么这段代码没有在 zx 命名空间中定义 IStateMachine::IStateMachine，它在全局命名空间中。

USINGZX;

IStateMachine::IStateMachine(): pm_states(StateMap()), pm_runOrder(nullptr), pm_activeStates(nullptr)
{
    SetUpDefaultState();
}

如果你想在 zx 命名空间中定义 IStateMachine::IStateMachine 那么你要么必须说

zx::IStateMachine::IStateMachine(): pm_states(StateMap()), pm_runOrder(nullptr), pm_activeStates(nullptr)
{
    SetUpDefaultState();
}

或

namespace zx {

IStateMachine::IStateMachine(): pm_states(StateMap()), pm_runOrder(nullptr), pm_activeStates(nullptr)
{
    SetUpDefaultState();
}

}

Answer 2

我删除了你所有的宏内容，#includes 缺少头文件，提供了 tstring 的替代品，如 typedef std::basic_string<TCHAR> tstring; 和 const tstring& IState::name() { return pm_name; } 的实现以及代码编译没有错误。

链接器错误 - 不确定它没有链接什么

Linker Error - Not sure what it is not linking

c++

linker

linker-errors