运行 javac 时找不到包

Question

我知道这个问题已经被问过上千次了，但我仍然不能完全理解问题的重点，尤其是在我的情况下。所以，我有一个简单的项目，它依赖于 TestNG 和 Selenium Java 库，并且我在全局安装了这些库，所以我的项目只是从 "global" 范围导入它们。

所以要解决这个问题，我应该将该全局文件夹添加到我的类路径中吗？或者这从一开始就不对，我不应该在项目中全局使用库？

C:\Users\Yaroslav\IdeaProjects\GoogleSearchTest\src\main\java>javac GoogleSearchTest.java
GoogleSearchTest.java:1: error: package org.openqa.selenium does not exist
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
                          ^
GoogleSearchTest.java:2: error: package org.openqa.selenium does not exist
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
                          ^
GoogleSearchTest.java:3: error: package org.openqa.selenium does not exist
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
                          ^
GoogleSearchTest.java:4: error: package org.openqa.selenium.chrome does not exist
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
                                 ^
GoogleSearchTest.java:5: error: package org.testng.annotations does not exist
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
                             ^
GoogleSearchTest.java:6: error: package org.testng.annotations does not exist
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
                             ^
GoogleSearchTest.java:7: error: package org.testng.annotations does not exist
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
                             ^
GoogleSearchTest.java:12: error: cannot find symbol
    private static WebDriver driver;
                   ^
  symbol:   class WebDriver
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:14: error: cannot find symbol
    @BeforeClass
     ^
  symbol:   class BeforeClass
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:23: error: cannot find symbol
    @Test
     ^
  symbol:   class Test
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:24: error: cannot find symbol
    @Parameters("queryText")
     ^
  symbol:   class Parameters
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:17: error: cannot find symbol
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
                     ^
  symbol:   class ChromeDriver
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:26: error: cannot find symbol
        WebElement searchField = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#lst-ib"));
        ^
  symbol:   class WebElement
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:26: error: cannot find symbol
        WebElement searchField = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#lst-ib"));
                                                    ^
  symbol:   variable By
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:28: error: cannot find symbol
        WebElement searchButton = driver.findElement(By.name("btnK"));
        ^
  symbol:   class WebElement
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
GoogleSearchTest.java:28: error: cannot find symbol
        WebElement searchButton = driver.findElement(By.name("btnK"));
                                                     ^
  symbol:   variable By
  location: class GoogleSearchTest
16 errors

GoogleSearchTest.java

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class GoogleSearchTest {
    private static WebDriver driver;

    @BeforeClass
    public void setup () {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\Program Files\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe");
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        driver.get("https://www.google.com/");
    }

    @Test
    @Parameters("queryText")
    public void doSearch(String queryText) {
        WebElement searchField = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#lst-ib"));
        searchField.sendKeys(queryText);
        WebElement searchButton = driver.findElement(By.name("btnK"));
        searchButton.click();
    }
}

Answer 1

我终于明白应该怎么做了。因此，为了编译 class 然后运行 TestNG 测试，我这样做了：

javac -cp C:\Users\Yaroslav\IdeaProjects\GoogleSearchTest\lib\* GoogleSearchTest.java

java -cp C:\Users\Yaroslav\IdeaProjects\GoogleSearchTest\src\main\java\;C:\Users\Yaroslav\IdeaProjects\GoogleSearchTest\lib\* org.testng.TestNG testng.xml

更详细一点，编译的第一行class应该有如下命令模板：

javac -cp "full path to libs folder, where project libraries located" "name of class to compile"

对于第二行，运行 TestNG 测试，模板是：

java -cp "full path to folder where testng.xml file located";"full path to libs folder, where project libraries located" "testNG filename with extension"

如您所见，这非常令人厌烦。我应该学习正确的方法来运行类似的测试而不会头疼 ...

P.S。毕竟我刚学Maven，现在不需要这些命令了)

运行 javac 时找不到包

Package not found when running javac

java

javac