如何扩展 Decodable 以从字典初始化？

Question

我想扩展 Decodable，这样我就可以从值字典中创建 Codable class 的新实例。

extension Decodable {
    init(from dictionary: [String : Codable]) throws {
        let data = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: dictionary, options: [])
        let newSelf = try JSONDecoder().decode(self.type, from: data)

        self = newSelf
    }
}

我在以 let newSelf = ...

开头的行中收到错误 Value of type 'Self' has no member 'type'

我应该如何提供要在此处使用的类型？

Answer 1

self.type 必须是具体类型，而不是协议。而且您无论如何都无法创建 Decodable 的实例。

你可以做的是创建一个通用的decode方法，例如将字典作为参数

func decode<T : Decodable>(from dictionary: [String : Decodable]) throws -> T {
    let data = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: dictionary)
    return try JSONDecoder().decode(T.self, from: data)
}


struct Person : Decodable {
    let name : String
    let age : Int
}

let dict : [String:Decodable] = ["name" : "Foo", "age" : 30]

let person : Person = try! decode(from: dict)

如何扩展 Decodable 以从字典初始化？

How can I extend Decodable to initialise from dictionary?

extension-methods

swift

decodable