在页面上定位元素

Question

我是 html 和 css 的新手，我正在尝试制作一个简单的页面。不幸的是，我很难将我的主要内容放在导航菜单下。也许我想把它放在导航菜单下 100px 左右。我尝试将位置更改为相对、绝对等。但我几乎不知道自己在做什么。问题是，即使我给 main 一个很好的位置，当我用很多内容填充它时，它也会自动上升（不只展开底部）并越过菜单并将其隐藏。我尝试 "lock" 以某种方式使 main 的顶部始终与我的导航保持相同的距离。如果我在 main 中放置大量文本，我希望它扩展其底部而不改变其位置。

我的代码在这里：https://www.w3schools.com/code/tryit.asp?filename=G1M05IYUPR2H.

有人可以告诉我怎么做吗？非常感谢！

Answer 1

https://www.w3schools.com/code/tryit.asp?filename=G1M0W1037H57

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <style>
    body, html {
      margin: 0;
      font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
      background-color: black;
    }
    
    .bg-image {
      background-image: url("http://www.stix.bg/wp-content/themes/stix-theme/images/stix1.jpg");
      filter: blur(8px);
      -webkit-filter: blur(8px);
      background-position: center;
      background-repeat: no-repeat;
      background-size: cover;
      background-attachment: fixed;
      position: absolute;
      margin-top: -300px; /*compensate for margin below*/
      padding: 0;
      height: 100%;
      width: 100%;
    }
    
    .navigation {
      background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
      position: absolute;
      left: 50%;
      top: 15%;
      transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
      width: 80%;
      font-family: Arial;
      border-radius: 10px;
      justify-content: space-around;
      display: flex;
      border: 1px solid #f1f1f1;
    }
    
    main {
      background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
      background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
      color: white;
      font-weight: bold;
      border: 1px solid #f1f1f1;
      border-radius: 10px;
      position: relative;
      left: 50%;
      margin-top: 200px; /** <--set distance here**/
      transform: translate(-50%);
      width: 80%;
      text-align: center;
    }
    
    ul li {
      float: left;
      text-decoration: none;
      list-style: none;
    }
    
    a,
    a:visited {
      color: white;
      text-decoration: none;
      cursor: pointer;
    }
    
    a:hover, a:active {
      color: white;
      background-color: rgba(162, 44, 255, 0.5);
      padding-top: 10px;
      padding-bottom: 10px;
      font-weight: bold;
      box-shadow: inset 0 -4px 20px 2px rgba(162, 44, 255, 1);
    }
    
    .link {
      padding: 10px;
      border-radius: 10px 0 0 10px;
      width: 100%;
      text-align: center;
    }
    
    .link2 {
      padding: 10px;
      border-radius: 0 0 0 0;
      width: 100%;
      text-align: center;
    }
    
    .link3 {
      padding: 10px;
      border-radius: 0px 10px 10px 0px;
      width: 100%;
      text-align: center;
    }
    
    p {
      text-align: center;
      margin-left: 25px;
      margin-right: 25px;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="bg-image"></div>
  <div class="navigation">
    <ul>
      <li><a class="link" href="#"> Menu 1 </a></li>
      <li><a class="link2" href="#"> Menu 2 </a></li>
      <li><a class="link2" href="#"> Menu 3 </a></li>
      <li><a class="link2" href="#"> Menu 4 </a></li>
      <li><a class="link3" href="#"> Menu 5 </a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <main>
    <h1 style="font-size:30px">Text here</h1>
    <p>
      Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has
      survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop
      publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum.</p>
    </div>

</body>

</html>

Answer 2

希望这对您有所帮助。删除了 .bg-image 的 position:relative，将 position:absolute 添加到 main 并给了 top 以对齐它。谢谢

body, html {
  margin: 0;
  height: 100%;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  background-color: black;
}

.bg-image {
    background-image: url(http://www.stix.bg/wp-content/themes/stix-theme/images/stix1.jpg);
    filter: blur(8px);
    -webkit-filter: blur(8px);
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-size: cover;
    height: 100%;
    background-attachment: fixed;
 }     
 .navigation {
   background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
   position: absolute; 
  left: 50%;
  top: 15%;
  transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
  width: 80%;
  font-family:Arial;
  border-radius: 10px;
  justify-content: space-around;
  display: flex;
  border: 1px solid #f1f1f1;
}
main {
    background-color: rgb(0,0,0);
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0, 0.4);
    color: white;
    font-weight: bold;
    border: 1px solid #f1f1f1;
    border-radius: 10px;
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    width: 80%;
    text-align: center;
    top: 310px;
}
a, a:visited{
  color:white;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor:pointer;
}
a:hover, a:active {
  color: white;
  background-color: rgba(162, 44, 255, 0.5);
  padding-top: 10px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  font-weight: bold;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -4px 20px 2px rgba(162, 44, 255, 1); 
}
.link {
  padding: 10px;
  border-radius: 10px 0 0 10px;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}
.link2 {
  padding: 10px;
  border-radius: 0 0 0 0;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}
.link3 {
  padding: 10px;
  border-radius: 0px 10px 10px 0px;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}
p {
  text-align: center;
  margin-left: 25px;
  margin-right: 25px;
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
</head>
<body>
<div class="bg-image"></div>
<div class="navigation">
<a class="link" href="#"> Menu 1 </a>
<a class="link2" href="#"> Menu 2 </a>
<a class="link2" href="#"> Menu 3 </a>
<a class="link2" href="#"> Menu 4 </a>
<a class="link3" href="#"> Menu 5 </a>
</ul>
</div>
<main>
<h1 style="font-size:30px">Text here</h1>
  <p>
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>

在页面上定位元素

Positioning an element on the page

html

css

navigation

main

position