Pyglet 游戏运动滞后
Pyglet game movement lagging behind
因此，我的蛇会连续移动，但如果我按 any 键，它会及时倒退并前后移动。这是一个视频：https://youtu.be/KCesu5bGiS8
我的猜测是更快地更新键输入，但当我这样做时，一切都更新得更快，所以蛇走得更快等等。
代码（以文本形式请求）在这里：
import pyglet
import random
pyglet.resource.path = ["resources"]
pyglet.resource.reindex()
# sets the resource path
class Snake_Window(pyglet.window.Window):
a = 0
dtx = 160
dty = 200
# sets the basic direction and snake body x and y
def __init__(self):
super(Snake_Window, self).__init__(width=1280, height=720)
# sets resolution and inherits
self.key_handler = pyglet.window.key.KeyStateHandler()
self.push_handlers(self.key_handler)
# sets keys
self.set_caption("Wild Snake")
# gives it a name
self.background_image = pyglet.resource.image("background.png")
self.food_image = pyglet.resource.image("food.png")
self.snake_head_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_head.png")
self.snake_body_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_body.png")
# makes images usable
self.center_image(self.food_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_head_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_body_image)
# centers the images using center_image
self.snake_head = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_head_image, x=200, y=200)
self.snake_head.scale = 0.1
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
# sets snake_head as a image on screen
self.snake_body = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_body_image, x=self.dtx, y=self.dty)
self.snake_body.scale = 0.1
self.snake_body.rotation = 90
# sets snake_body as a image on screen
self.background = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.background_image, x=0, y=0)
# sets background as a image on screen
self.food = []
# sets food
pyglet.clock.schedule_interval(self.game_tick, 0.1)
def center_image(self, image):
# sets the center of the image to the actual center
image.anchor_x = image.width / 2
image.anchor_y = image.height / 2
def update_snake_head(self):
# makes the snake head go and sets the x and y for the body
if self.a == 0:
self.snake_head.x += 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x - 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 1:
self.snake_head.x -= 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x + 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 2:
self.snake_head.y += 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y - 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
elif self.a == 3:
self.snake_head.y -= 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y + 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
def update_snake_body(self, dtx, dty):
# makes the snakes body go
self.snake_body.x = dtx
self.snake_body.y = dty
def game_tick(self, dt):
# updates snakes head, snakes body, key presses and sets the background
self.update_snake_head()
self.update_snake_body(self.dtx, self.dty)
self.draw_elements()
self.key_press()
print(dt)
def draw_elements(self):
# draws everything in window
self.clear()
self.background.draw()
self.snake_head.draw()
self.snake_body.draw()
def key_press(self):
# sets direction of snake upon key press and rotates his head accordingly
if self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.RIGHT]:
if self.a == 1:
pass
else:
self.a = 0
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
elif self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.LEFT]:
if self.a == 0:
pass
else:
self.a = 1
self.snake_head.rotation = 90
elif self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.UP]:
if self.a == 3:
pass
else:
self.a = 2
self.snake_head.rotation = 180
elif self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.DOWN]:
if self.a == 2:
pass
else:
self.a = 3
self.snake_head.rotation = 0
game_window = Snake_Window()
pyglet.app.run()
将我所有的评论转化为答案。它不会完全解决你的问题。但是由于时间不够，我会留下一些有用的东西至少可以解决它。
这是一对夫妇的原因。其中之一是您使用调度程序来渲染内容，而不是使用内置的 on_draw 事件。不能肯定地说，但一个很好的猜测是，当您在侧链渲染函数中进行绘图和填充时，图形缓冲区会在 on_draw 中自动获取 updated/flipped。因此，将所有渲染内容移动到 on_draw 中是有道理的。
另一个问题是您不会在实际按键时触发，而是需要将按键时间计时到您正在进行的调度程序中的每个刻度 - 您也已将其混入渲染函数中。本质上，您是在一个函数的一个集群***中执行事件处理+渲染+更新+IO，呵呵。相反，您应该依赖 on_key_press 来处理键盘事件。
最后，您到处都在进行数学运算 - 当您进行实际渲染时，其中任何一个都可能完成了一半。这就是为什么您可能会出现重影或奇怪的伪像（有些事情还没有完全完成更新位置等）。
但这里是一个几乎可行的示例，其中包含为更接近您想要的内容而采取的一些步骤。如果没有其他人（包括你）在几天内没有解决这个问题，我将继续重写你的大部分代码并为你指明几个好的方向（批次是其中之一）。
import pyglet
import random
pyglet.resource.path = ["resources"]
pyglet.resource.reindex()
# sets the resource path
class Snake_Window(pyglet.window.Window):
a = 0
dtx = 160
dty = 200
# sets the basic direction and snake body x and y
def __init__(self):
super(Snake_Window, self).__init__(width=1280, height=720)
# sets resolution and inherits
self.key_handler = pyglet.window.key.KeyStateHandler()
self.push_handlers(self.key_handler)
# sets keys
self.set_caption("Wild Snake")
# gives it a name
self.background_image = pyglet.resource.image("background.png")
self.food_image = pyglet.resource.image("food.png")
self.snake_head_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_head.png")
self.snake_body_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_body.png")
# makes images usable
self.center_image(self.food_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_head_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_body_image)
# centers the images using center_image
self.snake_head = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_head_image, x=200, y=200)
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
# sets snake_head as a image on screen
self.snake_body = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_body_image, x=self.dtx, y=self.dty)
self.snake_body.scale = 0.1
self.snake_body.rotation = 90
# sets snake_body as a image on screen
self.background = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.background_image, x=0, y=0)
# sets background as a image on screen
self.food = []
# sets food
pyglet.clock.schedule_interval(self.game_tick, 0.1)
def on_draw(self):
self.draw_elements()
def center_image(self, image):
# sets the center of the image to the actual center
image.anchor_x = image.width / 2
image.anchor_y = image.height / 2
def update_snake_head(self):
# makes the snake head go and sets the x and y for the body
if self.a == 0:
self.snake_head.x += 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x - 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 1:
self.snake_head.x -= 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x + 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 2:
self.snake_head.y += 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y - 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
elif self.a == 3:
self.snake_head.y -= 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y + 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
def update_snake_body(self, dtx, dty):
# makes the snakes body go
self.snake_body.x = dtx
self.snake_body.y = dty
def game_tick(self, dt):
# updates snakes head, snakes body, key presses and sets the background
self.update_snake_head()
self.update_snake_body(self.dtx, self.dty)
def draw_elements(self):
# draws everything in window
self.clear()
self.background.draw()
print('Head:', self.snake_head.x, self.snake_head.y, {0:'Right', 1:'Left', 2: 'Up', 3:'Down'}[self.a])
self.snake_head.draw()
self.snake_body.draw()
self.flip()
def on_key_press(self, symbol, modifier):
# sets direction of snake upon key press and rotates his head accordingly
if symbol == pyglet.window.key.ESCAPE:
pyglet.app.exit()
if symbol == pyglet.window.key.SPACE:
print('Here')
if symbol == pyglet.window.key.RIGHT:
if self.a == 1:
pass
else:
self.a = 0
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
elif symbol == pyglet.window.key.LEFT:
if self.a == 0:
pass
else:
self.a = 1
self.snake_head.rotation = 90
elif symbol == pyglet.window.key.UP:
if self.a == 3:
pass
else:
self.a = 2
self.snake_head.rotation = 180
elif symbol == pyglet.window.key.DOWN:
if self.a == 2:
pass
else:
self.a = 3
self.snake_head.rotation = 0
game_window = Snake_Window()
pyglet.app.run()
我不仅会留给您这个可行的代码，还会留给您一个很好的建议。
别再问那么多问题了，开始学习如何调试 为什么 事情是这样发生的。您现在正在摸索，提出问题希望有人能为您解决问题，这样您就可以专注于有趣的事情 - 这就是游戏开发本身。
但是你在以后的生活中会有很多用处——找到调试、探索、理解和查明事情为什么按照你想要的方式发生或没有发生的方法。
在这里和那里放一些 print("moo")，打印一些值，到处添加 logging/debugging，直到你变得更聪明。它并不总是有效，但它让我用 你的 代码达到了这一点。
因此，我的蛇会连续移动，但如果我按 any 键，它会及时倒退并前后移动。这是一个视频：https://youtu.be/KCesu5bGiS8
我的猜测是更快地更新键输入，但当我这样做时，一切都更新得更快，所以蛇走得更快等等。
代码（以文本形式请求）在这里：
import pyglet
import random
pyglet.resource.path = ["resources"]
pyglet.resource.reindex()
# sets the resource path
class Snake_Window(pyglet.window.Window):
a = 0
dtx = 160
dty = 200
# sets the basic direction and snake body x and y
def __init__(self):
super(Snake_Window, self).__init__(width=1280, height=720)
# sets resolution and inherits
self.key_handler = pyglet.window.key.KeyStateHandler()
self.push_handlers(self.key_handler)
# sets keys
self.set_caption("Wild Snake")
# gives it a name
self.background_image = pyglet.resource.image("background.png")
self.food_image = pyglet.resource.image("food.png")
self.snake_head_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_head.png")
self.snake_body_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_body.png")
# makes images usable
self.center_image(self.food_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_head_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_body_image)
# centers the images using center_image
self.snake_head = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_head_image, x=200, y=200)
self.snake_head.scale = 0.1
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
# sets snake_head as a image on screen
self.snake_body = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_body_image, x=self.dtx, y=self.dty)
self.snake_body.scale = 0.1
self.snake_body.rotation = 90
# sets snake_body as a image on screen
self.background = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.background_image, x=0, y=0)
# sets background as a image on screen
self.food = []
# sets food
pyglet.clock.schedule_interval(self.game_tick, 0.1)
def center_image(self, image):
# sets the center of the image to the actual center
image.anchor_x = image.width / 2
image.anchor_y = image.height / 2
def update_snake_head(self):
# makes the snake head go and sets the x and y for the body
if self.a == 0:
self.snake_head.x += 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x - 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 1:
self.snake_head.x -= 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x + 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 2:
self.snake_head.y += 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y - 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
elif self.a == 3:
self.snake_head.y -= 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y + 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
def update_snake_body(self, dtx, dty):
# makes the snakes body go
self.snake_body.x = dtx
self.snake_body.y = dty
def game_tick(self, dt):
# updates snakes head, snakes body, key presses and sets the background
self.update_snake_head()
self.update_snake_body(self.dtx, self.dty)
self.draw_elements()
self.key_press()
print(dt)
def draw_elements(self):
# draws everything in window
self.clear()
self.background.draw()
self.snake_head.draw()
self.snake_body.draw()
def key_press(self):
# sets direction of snake upon key press and rotates his head accordingly
if self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.RIGHT]:
if self.a == 1:
pass
else:
self.a = 0
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
elif self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.LEFT]:
if self.a == 0:
pass
else:
self.a = 1
self.snake_head.rotation = 90
elif self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.UP]:
if self.a == 3:
pass
else:
self.a = 2
self.snake_head.rotation = 180
elif self.key_handler[pyglet.window.key.DOWN]:
if self.a == 2:
pass
else:
self.a = 3
self.snake_head.rotation = 0
game_window = Snake_Window()
pyglet.app.run()
将我所有的评论转化为答案。它不会完全解决你的问题。但是由于时间不够，我会留下一些有用的东西至少可以解决它。
这是一对夫妇的原因。其中之一是您使用调度程序来渲染内容，而不是使用内置的 on_draw 事件。不能肯定地说，但一个很好的猜测是，当您在侧链渲染函数中进行绘图和填充时，图形缓冲区会在 on_draw 中自动获取 updated/flipped。因此，将所有渲染内容移动到 on_draw 中是有道理的。
另一个问题是您不会在实际按键时触发，而是需要将按键时间计时到您正在进行的调度程序中的每个刻度 - 您也已将其混入渲染函数中。本质上，您是在一个函数的一个集群***中执行事件处理+渲染+更新+IO，呵呵。相反，您应该依赖 on_key_press 来处理键盘事件。
最后，您到处都在进行数学运算 - 当您进行实际渲染时，其中任何一个都可能完成了一半。这就是为什么您可能会出现重影或奇怪的伪像（有些事情还没有完全完成更新位置等）。
但这里是一个几乎可行的示例，其中包含为更接近您想要的内容而采取的一些步骤。如果没有其他人（包括你）在几天内没有解决这个问题，我将继续重写你的大部分代码并为你指明几个好的方向（批次是其中之一）。
import pyglet
import random
pyglet.resource.path = ["resources"]
pyglet.resource.reindex()
# sets the resource path
class Snake_Window(pyglet.window.Window):
a = 0
dtx = 160
dty = 200
# sets the basic direction and snake body x and y
def __init__(self):
super(Snake_Window, self).__init__(width=1280, height=720)
# sets resolution and inherits
self.key_handler = pyglet.window.key.KeyStateHandler()
self.push_handlers(self.key_handler)
# sets keys
self.set_caption("Wild Snake")
# gives it a name
self.background_image = pyglet.resource.image("background.png")
self.food_image = pyglet.resource.image("food.png")
self.snake_head_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_head.png")
self.snake_body_image = pyglet.resource.image("snake_body.png")
# makes images usable
self.center_image(self.food_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_head_image)
self.center_image(self.snake_body_image)
# centers the images using center_image
self.snake_head = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_head_image, x=200, y=200)
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
# sets snake_head as a image on screen
self.snake_body = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.snake_body_image, x=self.dtx, y=self.dty)
self.snake_body.scale = 0.1
self.snake_body.rotation = 90
# sets snake_body as a image on screen
self.background = pyglet.sprite.Sprite(img=self.background_image, x=0, y=0)
# sets background as a image on screen
self.food = []
# sets food
pyglet.clock.schedule_interval(self.game_tick, 0.1)
def on_draw(self):
self.draw_elements()
def center_image(self, image):
# sets the center of the image to the actual center
image.anchor_x = image.width / 2
image.anchor_y = image.height / 2
def update_snake_head(self):
# makes the snake head go and sets the x and y for the body
if self.a == 0:
self.snake_head.x += 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x - 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 1:
self.snake_head.x -= 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x + 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y
elif self.a == 2:
self.snake_head.y += 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y - 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
elif self.a == 3:
self.snake_head.y -= 40
self.dty = self.snake_head.y + 40
self.dtx = self.snake_head.x
def update_snake_body(self, dtx, dty):
# makes the snakes body go
self.snake_body.x = dtx
self.snake_body.y = dty
def game_tick(self, dt):
# updates snakes head, snakes body, key presses and sets the background
self.update_snake_head()
self.update_snake_body(self.dtx, self.dty)
def draw_elements(self):
# draws everything in window
self.clear()
self.background.draw()
print('Head:', self.snake_head.x, self.snake_head.y, {0:'Right', 1:'Left', 2: 'Up', 3:'Down'}[self.a])
self.snake_head.draw()
self.snake_body.draw()
self.flip()
def on_key_press(self, symbol, modifier):
# sets direction of snake upon key press and rotates his head accordingly
if symbol == pyglet.window.key.ESCAPE:
pyglet.app.exit()
if symbol == pyglet.window.key.SPACE:
print('Here')
if symbol == pyglet.window.key.RIGHT:
if self.a == 1:
pass
else:
self.a = 0
self.snake_head.rotation = 270
elif symbol == pyglet.window.key.LEFT:
if self.a == 0:
pass
else:
self.a = 1
self.snake_head.rotation = 90
elif symbol == pyglet.window.key.UP:
if self.a == 3:
pass
else:
self.a = 2
self.snake_head.rotation = 180
elif symbol == pyglet.window.key.DOWN:
if self.a == 2:
pass
else:
self.a = 3
self.snake_head.rotation = 0
game_window = Snake_Window()
pyglet.app.run()
我不仅会留给您这个可行的代码，还会留给您一个很好的建议。
别再问那么多问题了，开始学习如何调试 为什么 事情是这样发生的。您现在正在摸索，提出问题希望有人能为您解决问题，这样您就可以专注于有趣的事情 - 这就是游戏开发本身。
但是你在以后的生活中会有很多用处——找到调试、探索、理解和查明事情为什么按照你想要的方式发生或没有发生的方法。
在这里和那里放一些 print("moo")，打印一些值，到处添加 logging/debugging，直到你变得更聪明。它并不总是有效，但它让我用 你的 代码达到了这一点。