使用来自 mqtt 回调的数据创建 IF 语句的正确方法

Question

我试图在我的代码中使用回调函数的输出来触发一个动作。基本上，我将在 "reedTopic" 上安装一个门传感器，它需要在允许发送 "topic" 的有效载荷之前报告 "OFF"。 "topic" 有效负载是车库门开启器的开关，因此来自 "topic" 的数据将始终保持不变。

目标是当插入我车的esp8266-01连接到无线网络时，它会检测"reedTopic"的状态，如果不等于"OFF"它不会触发 "topic" 负载。

我想在代码中完全设置此自动化，而不必依赖其他软件（如 Node-Red 或 HomeAssistant）来完成这项工作。

我也很确定我没有完全理解回调函数以及它应该如何使用，尤其是在这种情况下。我仍然是一个 Arduino 新手，所以这真的是我的第一个项目。我也很确定那里有一些垃圾代码，因为大多数代码是从 Arduino IDE 中的 pubsubclient 处理程序的示例拼接在一起的。

#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <ESP8266WebServer.h>
#include <ESP8266HTTPUpdateServer.h>

const char* ssid = "******";
const char* password = "******";
const char* host = "CarPresence";
const char* update_path = "/";
const char* update_username = "*****";
const char* update_password = "*****";

char* topic = "cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER";
const char* willTopic = "cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER";
char* reedTopic = "cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER2";
char* server = "192.168.1.138";
byte willQoS = 1;
const char* willMessage = "1";
boolean willRetain = false;
boolean retained = true;

ESP8266WebServer httpServer(80);
ESP8266HTTPUpdateServer httpUpdater;
WiFiClient wifiClient;
PubSubClient client(server, 1883, wifiClient);

void callback(char* reedTopic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  Serial.print("Message arrived [");
 Serial.print(reedTopic);
 Serial.print("] ");
  for (int i=0;i<length;i++) {
    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
 }
 if (strcmp((char* )reedTopic, "OFF") == 0) {
  client.connect("CarPresence", willTopic, willQoS, willRetain, willMessage);
    client.publish(topic, "The Garage door is CLOSED... Opening...");
    client.publish(topic, "1");
    while (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(5000);
    client.println(reedTopic);
    client.publish(topic, "Ah ah ah ah staying alive staying alive...");
    }
    }
  if (strcmp((char* )reedTopic, "ON") == 0) {
    client.publish(topic, "The Garage door is OPEN... Aborting...");
    while (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(5000);
    client.println(reedTopic);
    client.publish(topic, "Dying... I'm dying...");
    }
  }
  Serial.println();
  }

String macToStr(const uint8_t* mac)
{
  String result;
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
    result += String(mac[i], 16);
    if (i < 5)
      result += ':';
  }
  return result;
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  delay(10);

client.setCallback(callback);
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  client.connect("CarPresence");
  client.subscribe(topic);
  client.subscribe(reedTopic, retained);
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");  
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

  httpUpdater.setup(&httpServer, update_path, update_username, update_password);
  httpServer.begin();

  Serial.printf("HTTPUpdateServer ready! Open http://%s%s in your browser and login with username '%s' and password '%s'\n", host, update_path, update_username, update_password);

  // Generate client name based on MAC address and last 8 bits of microsecond counter
  String clientName = "CarPresence";

  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.print(server);
  Serial.print(" as ");
  Serial.println(clientName);

  if (client.connect((char*) clientName.c_str())) {
    Serial.println("Connected to MQTT broker");
    Serial.print("Topics are: ");
    Serial.println(topic);
    Serial.println(reedTopic);

    if (client.publish(topic, "Hello from ESP8266")) {
      Serial.println("Publish ok");
    }
    else {
      Serial.println("Publish failed");
    }
  }
  else {
    Serial.println("MQTT connect failed");
    Serial.println("Will reset and try again...");
    abort();
  }
}

void loop() {

  httpServer.handleClient();
  client.setCallback(callback);

      while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(5000);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
}

大部分代码都有效。最大的问题是围绕 reedTopic 反馈的 IF 语句。代码直接从它身边吹过并执行了主题有效载荷。

Answer 1

我在 GitHub 上设法从 PubSubClient 的作者那里得到了一些帮助。后来我在 Arduino 论坛上找到了我需要的其他内容。下面是我完成的代码。

// Setup your sonoff                                                      //
// Flash your sonoff switch with tasmota                                  //
// Associate the tasmotized sonoff with your WiFi network                 //
// Load the webpage for the sonoff and setup your mqtt topics             //
// Go into module setup and set GPIO14 to Switch2                         //
// Go into the console and type "SwitchMode2 1" (without quotes)          //
// Lastly, in the console type "PulseTime 1" (without quotes)             //

// Setup credentials in the code                                          //
// Replace asterisks next to ssid & password with WiFi credentials        //
// Replace asterisks next to update_username & update_password with creds //

#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <ESP8266WebServer.h>
#include <ESP8266HTTPUpdateServer.h>

const char* ssid = "******";
const char* password = "******";
const char* host = "CarPresence";
const char* update_path = "/";
const char* update_username = "******";
const char* update_password = "******";

char* topic = "cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER";
const char* willTopic = "cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER";
char* reedTopic = "cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER2";
char* server = "192.168.1.138";
byte willQoS = 1;
const char* willMessage = "1";
boolean willRetain = false;
boolean retained = true;

ESP8266WebServer httpServer(80);
ESP8266HTTPUpdateServer httpUpdater;
WiFiClient wifiClient;
PubSubClient client(wifiClient);

void reconnect() {
 // Loop until we're reconnected
 while (!client.connected()) {
 Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
 // Attempt to connect
 if (client.connect("CarPresence")) {
  Serial.println("connected");
  // set callback and subscribe to topics
  client.setCallback(callback);
  client.subscribe("cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER");
  client.subscribe("cmnd/GarageDoor/POWER2");
 } else {
  Serial.print("failed, rc=");
  Serial.print(client.state());
  Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
  // Wait 5 seconds before retrying
  delay(5000);
  }
 }
}

void callback(char* reedTopic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  Serial.print("Message arrived [");
 Serial.print(reedTopic);
 Serial.print("] ");
  for (int i=0;i<length;i++) {
    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
 }
  Serial.println();
  payload[length] = '[=10=]';
  String message = (char*)payload;

  if(message == "ON"){
    client.publish(topic, "Garage Door is CLOSED");
    client.publish(topic, "1");
    delay(10000);
    while(message != "ON"){
    break;
    }
  } 
  if(message == "OFF"){
    client.publish(topic, "Garage Door is OPEN");
    delay(10000);
    while(message != "OFF"){
      break;
    }
  }
}

String macToStr(const uint8_t* mac)
{
  String result;
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
    result += String(mac[i], 16);
    if (i < 5)
      result += ':';
  }
  return result;
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  delay(10);

  Serial.println();
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");  
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

  httpUpdater.setup(&httpServer, update_path, update_username, update_password);
  httpServer.begin();

  Serial.println("HTTPUpdateServer ready!");

  // Generate client name based on MAC address and last 8 bits of microsecond counter
  String clientName = "CarPresence";

  client.setServer(server, 1883);
  client.setCallback(callback);
  client.connect("CarPresence", willTopic, willQoS, willRetain, willMessage);
  client.subscribe(topic);
  client.subscribe(reedTopic, retained);
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.print(server);
  Serial.print(" as ");
  Serial.println(clientName);

  if (client.connect((char*) clientName.c_str())) {
    Serial.println("Connected to MQTT broker");
    Serial.print("Topics are: ");
    Serial.println(topic);
    Serial.println(reedTopic);

    if (client.publish(topic, "Hello from ESP8266")) {
      Serial.println("Publish ok");
    }
    else {
      Serial.println("Publish failed");
    }
  }
  else {
    Serial.println("MQTT connect failed");
    Serial.println("Will reset and try again...");
    reconnect();
  }
}

void loop() {

if (!client.connected()) {
  reconnect();
 }
 client.loop();
 httpServer.handleClient();
 client.publish(topic, "Keeping Alive");
 delay(2000);

    while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(5000);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
}

该代码也将发布在 GitHub 上的要点中。 https://gist.github.com/hyukishi

Answer 2

@Jeffrey Grantham，谢谢！！

关于如何将有效载荷转化为字符串的简短回答。在 Serial.println();

之后的回调函数中

void callback(char *topic, byte *payload, unsigned int length)
{
    //Print message received
    Serial.print("Message arrived [");
    Serial.print(topic);
    Serial.print("] ");
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
        Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
    }
    Serial.println();

添加这些关键命令以将负载转换为字符串！

     payload[length] = '[=11=]';
     String message = (char*)payload;

然后使用 strcmp() 函数将字符串与您的变量或字符串进行比较。

if (strcmp(topic, "mySwitch") == 0)
    {
      if(message == "true"){
        digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN_1, HIGH);
      }
      if(message == "false"){
        digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN_1, LOW);
      }
    }
.
.
.
code below omitted...

使用来自 mqtt 回调的数据创建 IF 语句的正确方法

Correct way to create IF statement using data from mqtt callback

automation

arduino

mqtt

esp8266