IsWindows10OrGreater 总是 Returns False，即使有清单文件

Question

我的 C++ Win32/64 应用无法识别清单文件。我一直收到 "Hello World!" 而不是 "Hello World from Windows 10!"

我做了研究，但我似乎什么都做了。

Linker 清单属性

Linker 清单工具属性

输出

解决方案资源管理器

来源

int main()
{
    if (IsWindows10OrGreater())
    {
        std::cout << "Hello World from Windows 10!\n";

        int diskOs = GetOsDisk();
        EnumerateVolumes(diskOs);

    }
    else
        std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
}

清单：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<assembly manifestVersion="1.0" xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
  <assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0" name="MidLevelConsole.exe"/>
  <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2">
    <security>
      <requestedPrivileges xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
        <!-- UAC Manifest Options
             If you want to change the Windows User Account Control level replace the 
             requestedExecutionLevel node with one of the following.

        <requestedExecutionLevel  level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
        <requestedExecutionLevel  level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />
        <requestedExecutionLevel  level="highestAvailable" uiAccess="false" />

            Specifying requestedExecutionLevel element will disable file and registry virtualization. 
            Remove this element if your application requires this virtualization for backwards
            compatibility.
        -->
        <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />
      </requestedPrivileges>
    </security>
  </trustInfo>

  <compatibility xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:compatibility.v1">
    <application>
      <!-- A list of the Windows versions that this application has been tested on
           and is designed to work with. Uncomment the appropriate elements
           and Windows will automatically select the most compatible environment. -->

      <!-- Windows Vista -->
      <!--<supportedOS Id="{e2011457-1546-43c5-a5fe-008deee3d3f0}" />-->

      <!-- Windows 7 -->
      <supportedOS Id="{35138b9a-5d96-4fbd-8e2d-a2440225f93a}" />

      <!-- Windows 8 -->
      <supportedOS Id="{4a2f28e3-53b9-4441-ba9c-d69d4a4a6e38}" />

      <!-- Windows 8.1 -->
      <supportedOS Id="{1f676c76-80e1-4239-95bb-83d0f6d0da78}" />

      <!-- Windows 10 -->
      <supportedOS Id="{8e0f7a12-bfb3-4fe8-b9a5-48fd50a15a9a}" />

    </application>
  </compatibility>

  <!-- Indicates that the application is DPI-aware and will not be automatically scaled by Windows at higher
       DPIs. Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) applications are automatically DPI-aware and do not need 
       to opt in. Windows Forms applications targeting .NET Framework 4.6 that opt into this setting, should 
       also set the 'EnableWindowsFormsHighDpiAutoResizing' setting to 'true' in their app.config. -->
  <!--
  <application xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
        <windowsSettings>
      <dpiAware xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/SMI/2005/WindowsSettings">true</dpiAware>
    </windowsSettings>
  </application>
  -->

  <!-- Enable themes for Windows common controls and dialogs (Windows XP and later) -->
  <!--
  <dependency>
    <dependentAssembly>
      <assemblyIdentity
          type="win32"
          name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls"
          version="6.0.0.0"
          processorArchitecture="*"
          publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df"
          language="*"
            />
    </dependentAssembly>
  </dependency>
  -->

</assembly>

在 VS 中打开 Exe：

在 VS 中将 Exe 作为 Project/Solution 打开：

备注：

GetVersionInfoEx API 已弃用。建议基于 Windows 的应用程序使用 IsWindows* 函数，但这需要清单文件。即使它没有，它确实如此，我仍然想知道我做错了什么。
我用的是Visual Studio2017企业版
我的 OS：Windows 10 Pro 1809 具有所有更新

EXE Link:

EXE Download

我使用 SO 和 Google 查看的一些链接。

1 2 3 4

想法？无论我尝试什么，我得到 IsWindows10OrGreater() 总是 return false，表明没有清单文件或它有问题。

Answer 1

需要的默认设置：

配置属性 > 链接器 > 清单文件

生成清单：是 (/MANIFEST)

配置属性 > 清单工具 > 输入和输出

其他清单文件：$(ProjectDir)$(TargetName)$(TargetExt).manifest
输出清单文件：$(TargetName).manifest

设置所需设置后我的问题：

问题是 <ItemDefintionGroup...> 节点中的空 <ManifestFile /> 节点。

好的项目文件片段 1：

  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
      <PrecompiledHeaderFile>pch.h</PrecompiledHeaderFile>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
    </Link>
    <Manifest>
      <AdditionalManifestFiles>manifest.xml</AdditionalManifestFiles>
    </Manifest>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>

错误的项目文件片段 1：

  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
      <PrecompiledHeaderFile>pch.h</PrecompiledHeaderFile>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <ManifestFile>
      </ManifestFile>
    </Link>
    <Manifest>
      <AdditionalManifestFiles>$(ProjectDir)$(TargetName)$(TargetExt).manifest</AdditionalManifestFiles>
      <OutputManifestFile>$(TargetName).manifest</OutputManifestFile>
    </Manifest>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>

我无意中修改设置的有意义的行是：

  <ManifestFile>
  </ManifestFile>

在 <Link> ... </Link> 节点内。删除 Manifest File 节点解决了问题。我必须为每个配置和平台执行此操作。

好的项目文件片段 2：

  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <GenerateManifest>true</GenerateManifest>
    <OutDir>$(ProjectDir)bin$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>$(ProjectDir)obj$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>

错误的项目文件片段 2：

  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <GenerateManifest>true</GenerateManifest>
    <OutDir>$(ProjectDir)bin$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>$(ProjectDir)obj$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
    <EmbedManifest />
  </PropertyGroup>

像以前一样，我不得不从每个属性组 platform/configuration 部分中删除空的 manfest 部分，即 <EmbedManifest />。

我在这些属性组中添加并删除了项目。从视觉上看，变化没什么，添加然后删除，但是 Visual Studio 2017 将这些部分保留为空组，这会阻止加载清单。

这是完整的工作项目文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="15.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|x64">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|x64">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>x64</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
    <VCProjectVersion>15.0</VCProjectVersion>
    <ProjectGuid>{64BA277A-6ED7-445D-B807-A7DD6B8FE458}</ProjectGuid>
    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
    <RootNamespace>VersionHelpersTest</RootNamespace>
    <WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>10.0.17763.0</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v141</PlatformToolset>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v141</PlatformToolset>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v141</PlatformToolset>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <PlatformToolset>v141</PlatformToolset>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="Shared">
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <GenerateManifest>true</GenerateManifest>
    <OutDir>$(ProjectDir)bin$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>$(ProjectDir)obj$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <GenerateManifest>true</GenerateManifest>
    <OutDir>$(ProjectDir)bin$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>$(ProjectDir)obj$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <GenerateManifest>true</GenerateManifest>
    <OutDir>$(ProjectDir)bin$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>$(ProjectDir)obj$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <OutDir>$(ProjectDir)bin$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>$(ProjectDir)obj$(Platform)$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
      <PrecompiledHeaderFile>pch.h</PrecompiledHeaderFile>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
    </Link>
    <Manifest>
      <AdditionalManifestFiles>$(ProjectDir)$(TargetName)$(TargetExt).manifest</AdditionalManifestFiles>
      <OutputManifestFile>$(TargetName).manifest</OutputManifestFile>
    </Manifest>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
      <PrecompiledHeaderFile>pch.h</PrecompiledHeaderFile>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
    </Link>
    <Manifest>
      <AdditionalManifestFiles>$(ProjectDir)$(TargetName)$(TargetExt).manifest</AdditionalManifestFiles>
      <OutputManifestFile>$(TargetName).manifest</OutputManifestFile>
    </Manifest>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
      <PrecompiledHeaderFile>pch.h</PrecompiledHeaderFile>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
    </Link>
    <Manifest>
      <AdditionalManifestFiles>$(ProjectDir)$(TargetName)$(TargetExt).manifest</AdditionalManifestFiles>
      <OutputManifestFile>$(TargetName).manifest</OutputManifestFile>
    </Manifest>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <SDLCheck>true</SDLCheck>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>NDEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <ConformanceMode>true</ConformanceMode>
      <PrecompiledHeaderFile>pch.h</PrecompiledHeaderFile>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
    </Link>
    <Manifest>
      <AdditionalManifestFiles>$(ProjectDir)$(TargetName)$(TargetExt).manifest</AdditionalManifestFiles>
      <OutputManifestFile>$(TargetName).manifest</OutputManifestFile>
    </Manifest>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClInclude Include="pch.h" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClCompile Include="pch.cpp">
      <PrecompiledHeader Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">Create</PrecompiledHeader>
      <PrecompiledHeader Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|x64'">Create</PrecompiledHeader>
      <PrecompiledHeader Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">Create</PrecompiledHeader>
      <PrecompiledHeader Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|x64'">Create</PrecompiledHeader>
    </ClCompile>
    <ClCompile Include="VersionHelpersTest.cpp" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
  </ImportGroup>
</Project>

对我来说这是 Visual Studio 中的一个巨大错误，而且完全不明显。另一个错误是，到 VS2019，C++ 应用程序内部的清单应该和 C# 应用程序一样简单，并且会自动出现。

IsWindows10OrGreater 总是 Returns False，即使有清单文件

IsWindows10OrGreater Always Returns False, even with Manifest File

c++

versioning

winapi

manifest