如何在交互式输入的自动 bash 脚本中发送存储值而不是别名
How to send stored value rather than the alias in automated bash script for interactive input
我正在尝试在远程服务器上自动安装 mysql。我正在使用 golang 做各种事情，其中之一是在 bash 中执行一个包含多个步骤的 expect 脚本。其中一个步骤是安装 mysql，然后是 运行 mysql_secure_installation。它要求用户输入的第一个提示是密码。这个密码是在运行时创建的，所以我不知道提前将它包含为我可以 send 的文字值。我从日志中获取密码并将其存储在一个变量中，但我如何获取该值并将其发送以在提示中使用。我知道我想 send 它，但我想我一直在发送别名而不是值，因为我收到访问错误。如何发送值而不是别名？我对编写脚本有点陌生，因此不胜感激。
expect 使用 golang 生成的脚本：
/usr/bin/expect -c:
spawn ssh root@a.b.c.d
sleep 3
expect "# "
send "yum -y update\r"
sleep 10
expect "# "
send "yum -y upgrade\r"
sleep 10
expect "# "
send "yum -y localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm\r"
sleep 8
expect "# "
send "yum -y --disablerepo=mysql80-community --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server\r"
sleep 5
expect "# "
send "service mysqld start\r"
sleep 3
expect "# "
send "temppass=$\(grep 'A temporary password is generated for root@localhost' /var/log/mysqld.log | tail -l\)\r"
sleep 1
expect "# "
send "shortpass=${temppass:\(-12\)}\r"
sleep 1
expect "# "
send "echo $shortpass\r"
sleep 1
expect "# "
send "mysql_secure_installation\r"
sleep 10
expect "Enter password for user root: "
send "$shortpass\r"
sleep 10
expect "New password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Re-enter new password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Change the password for root ? \(\(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
expect "New password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Re-enter new password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Remove anonymous users? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
expect "Disallow root login remotely? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "n\r"
sleep 10
expect "Remove test database and access to it? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
expect "Reload privilege tables now? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
实际输出：
spawn ssh root@a.b.c.d
Last login: Mon Apr 29 13:25:07 2019 from t.x.y.z
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No packages marked for update
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y upgrade
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No packages marked for update
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm | 25 kB 00:00:00
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-S1evUc/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch
/var/tmp/yum-root-S1evUc/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: does not update installed package.
Nothing to do
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y --disablerepo=mysql80-community --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package matching mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64 already installed. Checking for update.
Nothing to do
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# temppass=$(grep 'A temporary password is generated for root@localhost' /var/log/mysqld.log | tail -l)
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# shortpass=${temppass:(-12)}
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# echo $shortpass
e3H-*HGHu__7
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
Error: Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# y
-bash: y: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# y
-bash: y: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# n
-bash: n: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# y
-bash: y: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]#
原来最好的办法是使用编程语言来注入任何你想要的东西。在我想要的数据打印到屏幕上之后，我通过退出我想要 运行 的命令序列来做到这一点。那时缓冲区有我正在寻找的数据，所以我可以从那里获取它，然后继续一个新的序列，将那个值注入我想要的地方。
我正在尝试在远程服务器上自动安装 mysql。我正在使用 golang 做各种事情，其中之一是在 bash 中执行一个包含多个步骤的 expect 脚本。其中一个步骤是安装 mysql，然后是 运行 mysql_secure_installation。它要求用户输入的第一个提示是密码。这个密码是在运行时创建的，所以我不知道提前将它包含为我可以 send 的文字值。我从日志中获取密码并将其存储在一个变量中，但我如何获取该值并将其发送以在提示中使用。我知道我想 send 它，但我想我一直在发送别名而不是值，因为我收到访问错误。如何发送值而不是别名？我对编写脚本有点陌生，因此不胜感激。
expect 使用 golang 生成的脚本：
/usr/bin/expect -c:
spawn ssh root@a.b.c.d
sleep 3
expect "# "
send "yum -y update\r"
sleep 10
expect "# "
send "yum -y upgrade\r"
sleep 10
expect "# "
send "yum -y localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm\r"
sleep 8
expect "# "
send "yum -y --disablerepo=mysql80-community --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server\r"
sleep 5
expect "# "
send "service mysqld start\r"
sleep 3
expect "# "
send "temppass=$\(grep 'A temporary password is generated for root@localhost' /var/log/mysqld.log | tail -l\)\r"
sleep 1
expect "# "
send "shortpass=${temppass:\(-12\)}\r"
sleep 1
expect "# "
send "echo $shortpass\r"
sleep 1
expect "# "
send "mysql_secure_installation\r"
sleep 10
expect "Enter password for user root: "
send "$shortpass\r"
sleep 10
expect "New password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Re-enter new password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Change the password for root ? \(\(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
expect "New password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Re-enter new password: "
send "<pass>\r"
sleep 10
expect "Remove anonymous users? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
expect "Disallow root login remotely? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "n\r"
sleep 10
expect "Remove test database and access to it? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
expect "Reload privilege tables now? \(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No\) : "
send "y\r"
sleep 10
实际输出：
spawn ssh root@a.b.c.d
Last login: Mon Apr 29 13:25:07 2019 from t.x.y.z
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No packages marked for update
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y upgrade
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No packages marked for update
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm | 25 kB 00:00:00
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-S1evUc/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch
/var/tmp/yum-root-S1evUc/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: does not update installed package.
Nothing to do
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# yum -y --disablerepo=mysql80-community --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package matching mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64 already installed. Checking for update.
Nothing to do
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# service mysqld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# temppass=$(grep 'A temporary password is generated for root@localhost' /var/log/mysqld.log | tail -l)
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# shortpass=${temppass:(-12)}
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# echo $shortpass
e3H-*HGHu__7
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Enter password for user root:
Error: Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# y
-bash: y: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# <pass>
-bash: Mysqlpass1!: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# y
-bash: y: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# n
-bash: n: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]# y
-bash: y: command not found
[root@rias-e2e-server-a-segment-purv ~]#
原来最好的办法是使用编程语言来注入任何你想要的东西。在我想要的数据打印到屏幕上之后，我通过退出我想要 运行 的命令序列来做到这一点。那时缓冲区有我正在寻找的数据，所以我可以从那里获取它，然后继续一个新的序列，将那个值注入我想要的地方。