Swift 4: UI 设备旋转后更新失败

Question

我想将 bearImageView 的宽度和高度从纵向 -> 横向更改为 100，而从相反方向更改为 200。

在 setupLayout 中，我调用停用然后激活 widthAnchor 和 heightAnchor 上的约束。所以我期待它改变宽度和高度。

问题：调到100，但没有变回200。 为什么会这样？

这是代码。

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    // closure objects
    let bearImageView: UIImageView = {
        let imageView = UIImageView(image: #imageLiteral(resourceName: "bear_first")) // type `image literal` and double click
        imageView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false // enable autolayout
        return imageView
    }()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()            
        view.addSubview(bearImageView) // display image        
        setupLayout(imageView: bearImageView) // apply constraints
    }

    override func viewWillTransition(to size: CGSize, with coordinator: UIViewControllerTransitionCoordinator) {
        super.viewWillTransition(to: size, with: coordinator)
        if UIDevice.current.orientation.isLandscape {
            print("landscape")
            setupLayout(imageView: bearImageView) // apply constraints                
        } else {
            print("portrait")
            setupLayout(imageView: bearImageView) // apply constraints                
        }
    }

    private func setupLayout(imageView: UIImageView){

        if UIDevice.current.orientation.isLandscape == true {
            imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200).isActive = false
            imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200).isActive = false
            imageView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
            imageView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 100).isActive = true
            imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 100).isActive = true
            imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 100).isActive = true
            print("changed to landscape")

        } else {
            imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 100).isActive = false
            imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 100).isActive = false
            imageView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
            imageView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 100).isActive = true
            imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200).isActive = true
            imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200).isActive = true
            print("changed to portrait")
        }

    }

这是错误。

[LayoutConstraints] Unable to simultaneously satisfy constraints.
    Probably at least one of the constraints in the following list is one you don't want. 
    Try this: 
        (1) look at each constraint and try to figure out which you don't expect; 
        (2) find the code that added the unwanted constraint or constraints and fix it. 
(
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x6000031923a0 UIImageView:0x7fbf72508060.width == 200   (active)>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x6000031e4730 UIImageView:0x7fbf72508060.width == 100   (active)>"
)

Will attempt to recover by breaking constraint 
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x6000031923a0 UIImageView:0x7fbf72508060.width == 200   (active)>

Make a symbolic breakpoint at UIViewAlertForUnsatisfiableConstraints to catch this in the debugger.
The methods in the UIConstraintBasedLayoutDebugging category on UIView listed in <UIKitCore/UIView.h> may also be helpful.

Answer 1

请注意，constraint 方法会为您的图像视图创建新。

当您在 viewDidLoad 中首次调用 setupLayout 时，图像视图中添加了 200 的宽度和高度限制。然后旋转设备以更改为横向。 setupLayout 再次被调用。这次它添加了 100 的宽度和高度约束，，但它不会停用您之前添加的常数 200 的约束。执行此行：

imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200).isActive = false

创建新的非活动约束，not 停用旧约束。

你应该做的是将宽度和高度约束存储为 ViewController:

的属性

var widthConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!
var heightConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!

并且在 setupLayout 中，分配给那些属性：

private func setupLayout(imageView: UIImageView){
    widthConstraint = imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200)
    heightConstraint = imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 200)
    widthConstraint.isActive = true
    heightConstraint.isActive = true
    imageView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
    imageView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 100).isActive = true

}

而且你应该只调用 setupLayout 一次。

然后创建另一个名为 updateConstraints 的方法来更新 widthConstraint 和 heightConstraint 的常量：

private func updateConstraints() {
    if UIDevice.current.orientation.isLandscape {
        heightConstraint.constant = 100
        widthConstraint.constant = 100
    } else {
        heightConstraint.constant = 200
        widthConstraint.constant = 200
    }
}

在 viewWillTransitionToSize 而不是 setupLayout 中调用它。

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