JsonConvert.DeserializeObject() 无法正确反序列化字符串

Question

我正在尝试将此词典存储为 json:

Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, Word>> _cateList;
//class Word
public Word{
        private string _title;
        public string Title
        {
            get
            {
                return _title;
            }
            set
            {
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)){
                    throw new Exception();
                }
                _title = value;
            }
        }

        //key:category, value:definition
        private Dictionary<string,string> _categorizedDefinition;
        public Dictionary<string, string> CategorizedDefinition
        {
            get
            {
                return _categorizedDefinition;
            }

        }
}

所以基本上有 3 个字典在彼此里面。首先，我用 JsonConvert.Serialize 的一些示例代码序列化字典，输出 json 文件如下所示：

//json code
{
  "biology": {
    "biology": {
      "Title": "Tree",
      "CategorizedDefinition": {
        "Biology": "A plant"
      }
    }
  }
}
//c# code
Dictionary<string, string> temp = new Dictionary<string, string>()
  { {"Biology", "A plant" } };
Word wd = new Word("Tree", temp);
_cateList.Add("biology", new Dictionary<string, Word>()
  {
       {"biology", wd }
  });

但是当我使用这些代码反序列化 json:

_cateList = await DataJsonHandler.LoadFromJsonFile();
//method code
public async static Task<Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, Word>>> LoadFromJsonFile()
{
    Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, Word>> tempDic;
    StorageFile file = await ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.GetFileAsync("CategorizedWords.json");
    using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(awaitfile.OpenStreamForReadAsync()))
    {
    //this lines got the same string in the original json file
     string lines = sr.ReadToEnd();
     tempDic = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, Word>>>(lines);
    }
     return tempDic;
}

再次序列化，得到：

{
  "biology": {
    "biology": {
      "Title": "Tree",
      "CategorizedDefinition": null
    }
  }
}

不确定这里发生了什么导致 Word 对象中的字典消失，我是不是漏掉了什么？

Answer 1

您在 CategorizedDefinition 上忘记了 setter。您需要它以便 newtonsoft 在反序列化时设置属性值。

public Dictionary<string, string> CategorizedDefinition
{
    get =>  _categorizedDefinition;
    set => _categorizedDefinition = value; // < --magic here
}

但是由于您使用的是 Word class 的构造函数，您可能会忘记在该构造函数中设置 _categorizedDefinition。这样的事情会做：

// constructor
public Word(string title, Dictionary<string, string> categorizedDefinition)
{
    // ignoring title for now, because it already works.
    this._categorizedDefinition = categorizedDefinition;
}

private Dictionary<string, string> _categorizedDefinition
public Dictionary<string, string> CategorizedDefinition
{
    get =>  _categorizedDefinition;
    set => _categorizedDefinition = value;
}

JsonConvert.DeserializeObject() 无法正确反序列化字符串

JsonConvert.DeserializeObject() cannot deserialize the string properly

c#

dictionary

json.net

deserialization

json-deserialization