如何从 Java 发起 GitHub GraphQL API 调用
How to make a GitHub GraphQL API Call from Java
我正在尝试开发一个 Java 程序来查询 GitHub GraphQL API。由于我是 Java 和 GitHub GraphQL API 的新手，我想我会从一个简单的查询开始。一旦我开始工作，我就可以修改查询字符串，但我似乎无法让代码工作。你能帮我理解为什么这段代码不起作用以及我能做些什么来修复它吗？
非常感谢您的帮助。
我在这里阅读了很多关于 Stack overflow 的问题，但我没有遇到我遇到的问题。我已经阅读了 Apache http 框架的描述，但他们的示例似乎比我想开发的更复杂。我发现了一些我无耻地复制的示例代码（见下文），看起来很简单，但我无法让它工作。
我运行正在使用 macOS V10.14.6，Java SE 运行时环境（build 1.7.0_51-b13），Java HotSpot 64 位服务器虚拟机（构建 24.51-b03，混合模式），并使用 IntelliJ IDEA 2019.2 社区版（运行时间版本 11.0.3+12-b304.10 x86_64）。
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
public class httptestcode01
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
// Declare local variables...
String line, queryString, url;
url = "https://api.github.com/graphql";
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer myToken");
httpPost.addHeader("Accept", "application/json");
JSONObject jsonobj = new JSONObject();
jsonobj.put("query", "{me { firstname } }");
try {
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonobj.toString());
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
response = client.execute(httpPost);
BufferedReader bufReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
while ((line = bufReader.readLine()) != null) {
builder.append(line);
builder.append(System.lineSeparator());
}
System.out.println(builder);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
我编译代码，运行它，得到以下输出。
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/deploy.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunpkcs11.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/htmlconverter.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/javaws.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jce.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfr.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfxrt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jsse.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/management-agent.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/plugin.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/resources.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/ant-javafx.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/dt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/javafx-doclet.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/javafx-mx.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/jconsole.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/sa-jdi.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/tools.jar:/Volumes/GoogleDrive/My Drive/soci code base/http test code 01/target/classes:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpclient/4.3.4/httpclient-4.3.4.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.3.2/httpcore-4.3.2.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.3/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.6/commons-codec-1.6.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/org/json/json/20190722/json-20190722.jar" httptestcode01
javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:208)
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:154)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.recvAlert(SSLSocketImpl.java:1959)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1077)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1312)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1339)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1323)
at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:275)
at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:254)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.HttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(HttpClientConnectionOperator.java:123)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:318)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:363)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:219)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:195)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:86)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:108)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:82)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:106)
at httptestcode01.main(httptestcode01.java:36)
Process finished with exit code 0
虽然“javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version”解释说 Java 1.6 和 1.7 默认已废弃 TLS1.0，但在 https://api.github.com 的上下文中并没有这样做。
Since February 2017、GitHub 已停止支持弱加密标准，包括 TLSv1。
如this bug report所述：
- Oracle JDK 1.7u80 is the last Oracle public release
- If you used 1.7u131 (from Oracle paying support or OpenJDK), you would not
need the system property: see release notes:
"Add TLS v1.1 and v1.2 to the client list of default-enabled protocols"
在你的情况下，至少尝试添加到你的 java 命令：
-Dhttps.protocols=TLSv1.2
或升级到更新的 Java 版本，特别是考虑到 jdk 1.7 是 eol -- end of life -- since May 2015。
即使通过商业支持，根据 Java roadmap, Premier support 已在上个月（2019 年 7 月）结束，延长支持将在 2022 年 7 月结束。
我正在尝试开发一个 Java 程序来查询 GitHub GraphQL API。由于我是 Java 和 GitHub GraphQL API 的新手，我想我会从一个简单的查询开始。一旦我开始工作，我就可以修改查询字符串，但我似乎无法让代码工作。你能帮我理解为什么这段代码不起作用以及我能做些什么来修复它吗？
非常感谢您的帮助。
我在这里阅读了很多关于 Stack overflow 的问题，但我没有遇到我遇到的问题。我已经阅读了 Apache http 框架的描述，但他们的示例似乎比我想开发的更复杂。我发现了一些我无耻地复制的示例代码（见下文），看起来很简单，但我无法让它工作。
我运行正在使用 macOS V10.14.6，Java SE 运行时环境（build 1.7.0_51-b13），Java HotSpot 64 位服务器虚拟机（构建 24.51-b03，混合模式），并使用 IntelliJ IDEA 2019.2 社区版（运行时间版本 11.0.3+12-b304.10 x86_64）。
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
public class httptestcode01
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
// Declare local variables...
String line, queryString, url;
url = "https://api.github.com/graphql";
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer myToken");
httpPost.addHeader("Accept", "application/json");
JSONObject jsonobj = new JSONObject();
jsonobj.put("query", "{me { firstname } }");
try {
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonobj.toString());
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
response = client.execute(httpPost);
BufferedReader bufReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
while ((line = bufReader.readLine()) != null) {
builder.append(line);
builder.append(System.lineSeparator());
}
System.out.println(builder);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
我编译代码，运行它，得到以下输出。
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/deploy.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunpkcs11.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/htmlconverter.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/javaws.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jce.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfr.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfxrt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jsse.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/management-agent.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/plugin.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/resources.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/ant-javafx.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/dt.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/javafx-doclet.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/javafx-mx.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/jconsole.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/sa-jdi.jar:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.7.0_51.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/tools.jar:/Volumes/GoogleDrive/My Drive/soci code base/http test code 01/target/classes:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpclient/4.3.4/httpclient-4.3.4.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/org/apache/httpcomponents/httpcore/4.3.2/httpcore-4.3.2.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.3/commons-logging-1.1.3.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.6/commons-codec-1.6.jar:/Users/ciro/.m2/repository/org/json/json/20190722/json-20190722.jar" httptestcode01
javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:208)
at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:154)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.recvAlert(SSLSocketImpl.java:1959)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1077)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1312)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1339)
at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1323)
at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:275)
at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:254)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.HttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(HttpClientConnectionOperator.java:123)
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:318)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:363)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:219)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:195)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:86)
at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:108)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:184)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:82)
at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:106)
at httptestcode01.main(httptestcode01.java:36)
Process finished with exit code 0
虽然“javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version”解释说 Java 1.6 和 1.7 默认已废弃 TLS1.0，但在 https://api.github.com 的上下文中并没有这样做。
Since February 2017、GitHub 已停止支持弱加密标准，包括 TLSv1。
如this bug report所述：
- Oracle JDK 1.7u80 is the last Oracle public release
- If you used 1.7u131 (from Oracle paying support or OpenJDK), you would not need the system property: see release notes:
"Add TLS v1.1 and v1.2 to the client list of default-enabled protocols"
在你的情况下，至少尝试添加到你的 java 命令：
-Dhttps.protocols=TLSv1.2
或升级到更新的 Java 版本，特别是考虑到 jdk 1.7 是 eol -- end of life -- since May 2015。
即使通过商业支持，根据 Java roadmap, Premier support 已在上个月（2019 年 7 月）结束，延长支持将在 2022 年 7 月结束。