是否可以创建只有外边框的 QMainWindow？
Is it possible to create QMainWindow with only outer border?
我正在尝试重建录屏 PyQt App，ScreenToGIF 对我来说是一个很好的演示，它创建了一个界面，该界面只有 "Central Widgets" 中的边框和录屏内容，如下所示：
具有以下关键功能：
- 边框存在，可以通过鼠标拖动和调整大小
- 内容透明
- 鼠标点击可以穿透应用，与下方的其他应用进行交互
但是，它是用C#实现的(link:https://github.com/NickeManarin/ScreenToGif)，我想知道是否可以在不学习C#的情况下制作类似的PyQt App？
Changing the background image of QMainWidgets to the desktop area been overlayed doesn't make sense, because mouse operation on desktop (such as double click to open files) should be recorded. Mouse event can penetrate the app (like Qt.WindowTransparentForInput applied for inner contents?)
请试试这个
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
import sys
class MainWindowExample(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
try:
QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent)
self.setWindowFlags(Qt.CustomizeWindowHint | Qt.FramelessWindowHint)
self.setStyleSheet("border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);")
except Exception as e:
print(e)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
main_widow = MainWindowExample()
main_widow.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
您想要实现的目标需要设置一个 mask，允许您拥有一个具有特定 "shape" 的小部件，而不必是矩形。
主要难点在于理解window geometries的工作原理，这可能很棘手。
您必须确保已计算 window "frame"（包括其边距和标题栏 - 如果有的话），然后找出内部矩形并相应地创建一个遮罩。请注意，在 Linux 上，这发生在 "some time" 之后 show() 被调用；我认为您使用的是 Windows，但我实施它的方式 应该 在 Linux、MacOS 和 Windows 上都能正常工作.如果您确定您的程序将 运行 仅在 Windows 上，则有关于此的评论。
最后，我只能在 Linux、Wine 和虚拟化 WinXP 环境中 运行 这个。它应该在任何系统上都能正常工作，但是，根据我的经验，有一个特定的 "cosmetic" 错误：标题栏没有根据当前的 Windows 主题绘制。我 认为 这是因为无论何时应用遮罩，底层 windows 系统都不会绘制其 "styled" window 框架像往常一样。如果这种情况也发生在较新的系统中，可能 是一种解决方法，但这并不容易，我不能保证它会解决这个问题。
NB：请记住，这种方法 永远不会 允许您在 "grab rectangle" 内绘制任何东西（没有阴影，也没有semi-transparent 颜色遮罩）；这样做的原因是您显然需要实现鼠标与 "beneath" 小部件的交互，并且在其上绘画需要更改覆盖蒙版。
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class VLine(QtWidgets.QFrame):
# a simple VLine, like the one you get from designer
def __init__(self):
super(VLine, self).__init__()
self.setFrameShape(self.VLine|self.Sunken)
class Grabber(QtWidgets.QWidget):
dirty = True
def __init__(self):
super(Grabber, self).__init__()
self.setWindowTitle('Screen grabber')
# ensure that the widget always stays on top, no matter what
self.setWindowFlags(self.windowFlags() | QtCore.Qt.WindowStaysOnTopHint)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.setLayout(layout)
# limit widget AND layout margins
layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
layout.setSpacing(0)
# create a "placeholder" widget for the screen grab geometry
self.grabWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.grabWidget.setSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
layout.addWidget(self.grabWidget)
# let's add a configuration panel
self.panel = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout.addWidget(self.panel)
panelLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.panel.setLayout(panelLayout)
panelLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.setContentsMargins(1, 1, 1, 1)
self.configButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.style().standardIcon(QtWidgets.QStyle.SP_ComputerIcon), '')
self.configButton.setFlat(True)
panelLayout.addWidget(self.configButton)
panelLayout.addWidget(VLine())
self.fpsSpinBox = QtWidgets.QSpinBox()
panelLayout.addWidget(self.fpsSpinBox)
self.fpsSpinBox.setRange(1, 50)
self.fpsSpinBox.setValue(15)
panelLayout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('fps'))
panelLayout.addWidget(VLine())
self.widthLabel = QtWidgets.QLabel()
panelLayout.addWidget(self.widthLabel)
self.widthLabel.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QLabel.StyledPanel|QtWidgets.QLabel.Sunken)
panelLayout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('x'))
self.heightLabel = QtWidgets.QLabel()
panelLayout.addWidget(self.heightLabel)
self.heightLabel.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QLabel.StyledPanel|QtWidgets.QLabel.Sunken)
panelLayout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('px'))
panelLayout.addWidget(VLine())
self.recButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton('rec')
panelLayout.addWidget(self.recButton)
self.playButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton('play')
panelLayout.addWidget(self.playButton)
panelLayout.addStretch(1000)
def updateMask(self):
# get the *whole* window geometry, including its titlebar and borders
frameRect = self.frameGeometry()
# get the grabWidget geometry and remap it to global coordinates
grabGeometry = self.grabWidget.geometry()
grabGeometry.moveTopLeft(self.grabWidget.mapToGlobal(QtCore.QPoint(0, 0)))
# get the actual margins between the grabWidget and the window margins
left = frameRect.left() - grabGeometry.left()
top = frameRect.top() - grabGeometry.top()
right = frameRect.right() - grabGeometry.right()
bottom = frameRect.bottom() - grabGeometry.bottom()
# reset the geometries to get "0-point" rectangles for the mask
frameRect.moveTopLeft(QtCore.QPoint(0, 0))
grabGeometry.moveTopLeft(QtCore.QPoint(0, 0))
# create the base mask region, adjusted to the margins between the
# grabWidget and the window as computed above
region = QtGui.QRegion(frameRect.adjusted(left, top, right, bottom))
# "subtract" the grabWidget rectangle to get a mask that only contains
# the window titlebar, margins and panel
region -= QtGui.QRegion(grabGeometry)
self.setMask(region)
# update the grab size according to grabWidget geometry
self.widthLabel.setText(str(self.grabWidget.width()))
self.heightLabel.setText(str(self.grabWidget.height()))
def resizeEvent(self, event):
super(Grabber, self).resizeEvent(event)
# the first resizeEvent is called *before* any first-time showEvent and
# paintEvent, there's no need to update the mask until then; see below
if not self.dirty:
self.updateMask()
def paintEvent(self, event):
super(Grabber, self).paintEvent(event)
# on Linux the frameGeometry is actually updated "sometime" after show()
# is called; on Windows and MacOS it *should* happen as soon as the first
# non-spontaneous showEvent is called (programmatically called: showEvent
# is also called whenever a window is restored after it has been
# minimized); we can assume that all that has already happened as soon as
# the first paintEvent is called; before then the window is flagged as
# "dirty", meaning that there's no need to update its mask yet.
# Once paintEvent has been called the first time, the geometries should
# have been already updated, we can mark the geometries "clean" and then
# actually apply the mask.
if self.dirty:
self.updateMask()
self.dirty = False
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
grabber = Grabber()
grabber.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
我正在尝试重建录屏 PyQt App，ScreenToGIF 对我来说是一个很好的演示，它创建了一个界面，该界面只有 "Central Widgets" 中的边框和录屏内容，如下所示：
具有以下关键功能：
- 边框存在，可以通过鼠标拖动和调整大小
- 内容透明
- 鼠标点击可以穿透应用，与下方的其他应用进行交互
但是，它是用C#实现的(link:https://github.com/NickeManarin/ScreenToGif)，我想知道是否可以在不学习C#的情况下制作类似的PyQt App？
Changing the background image of QMainWidgets to the desktop area been overlayed doesn't make sense, because mouse operation on desktop (such as double click to open files) should be recorded. Mouse event can penetrate the app (like Qt.WindowTransparentForInput applied for inner contents?)
请试试这个
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
import sys
class MainWindowExample(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
try:
QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent)
self.setWindowFlags(Qt.CustomizeWindowHint | Qt.FramelessWindowHint)
self.setStyleSheet("border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);")
except Exception as e:
print(e)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
main_widow = MainWindowExample()
main_widow.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
您想要实现的目标需要设置一个 mask，允许您拥有一个具有特定 "shape" 的小部件，而不必是矩形。
主要难点在于理解window geometries的工作原理，这可能很棘手。
您必须确保已计算 window "frame"（包括其边距和标题栏 - 如果有的话），然后找出内部矩形并相应地创建一个遮罩。请注意，在 Linux 上，这发生在 "some time" 之后 show() 被调用；我认为您使用的是 Windows，但我实施它的方式 应该 在 Linux、MacOS 和 Windows 上都能正常工作.如果您确定您的程序将 运行 仅在 Windows 上，则有关于此的评论。
最后，我只能在 Linux、Wine 和虚拟化 WinXP 环境中 运行 这个。它应该在任何系统上都能正常工作，但是，根据我的经验，有一个特定的 "cosmetic" 错误：标题栏没有根据当前的 Windows 主题绘制。我 认为 这是因为无论何时应用遮罩，底层 windows 系统都不会绘制其 "styled" window 框架像往常一样。如果这种情况也发生在较新的系统中，可能 是一种解决方法，但这并不容易，我不能保证它会解决这个问题。
NB：请记住，这种方法 永远不会 允许您在 "grab rectangle" 内绘制任何东西（没有阴影，也没有semi-transparent 颜色遮罩）；这样做的原因是您显然需要实现鼠标与 "beneath" 小部件的交互，并且在其上绘画需要更改覆盖蒙版。
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
class VLine(QtWidgets.QFrame):
# a simple VLine, like the one you get from designer
def __init__(self):
super(VLine, self).__init__()
self.setFrameShape(self.VLine|self.Sunken)
class Grabber(QtWidgets.QWidget):
dirty = True
def __init__(self):
super(Grabber, self).__init__()
self.setWindowTitle('Screen grabber')
# ensure that the widget always stays on top, no matter what
self.setWindowFlags(self.windowFlags() | QtCore.Qt.WindowStaysOnTopHint)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
self.setLayout(layout)
# limit widget AND layout margins
layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
layout.setSpacing(0)
# create a "placeholder" widget for the screen grab geometry
self.grabWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.grabWidget.setSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
layout.addWidget(self.grabWidget)
# let's add a configuration panel
self.panel = QtWidgets.QWidget()
layout.addWidget(self.panel)
panelLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
self.panel.setLayout(panelLayout)
panelLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.setContentsMargins(1, 1, 1, 1)
self.configButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.style().standardIcon(QtWidgets.QStyle.SP_ComputerIcon), '')
self.configButton.setFlat(True)
panelLayout.addWidget(self.configButton)
panelLayout.addWidget(VLine())
self.fpsSpinBox = QtWidgets.QSpinBox()
panelLayout.addWidget(self.fpsSpinBox)
self.fpsSpinBox.setRange(1, 50)
self.fpsSpinBox.setValue(15)
panelLayout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('fps'))
panelLayout.addWidget(VLine())
self.widthLabel = QtWidgets.QLabel()
panelLayout.addWidget(self.widthLabel)
self.widthLabel.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QLabel.StyledPanel|QtWidgets.QLabel.Sunken)
panelLayout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('x'))
self.heightLabel = QtWidgets.QLabel()
panelLayout.addWidget(self.heightLabel)
self.heightLabel.setFrameShape(QtWidgets.QLabel.StyledPanel|QtWidgets.QLabel.Sunken)
panelLayout.addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('px'))
panelLayout.addWidget(VLine())
self.recButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton('rec')
panelLayout.addWidget(self.recButton)
self.playButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton('play')
panelLayout.addWidget(self.playButton)
panelLayout.addStretch(1000)
def updateMask(self):
# get the *whole* window geometry, including its titlebar and borders
frameRect = self.frameGeometry()
# get the grabWidget geometry and remap it to global coordinates
grabGeometry = self.grabWidget.geometry()
grabGeometry.moveTopLeft(self.grabWidget.mapToGlobal(QtCore.QPoint(0, 0)))
# get the actual margins between the grabWidget and the window margins
left = frameRect.left() - grabGeometry.left()
top = frameRect.top() - grabGeometry.top()
right = frameRect.right() - grabGeometry.right()
bottom = frameRect.bottom() - grabGeometry.bottom()
# reset the geometries to get "0-point" rectangles for the mask
frameRect.moveTopLeft(QtCore.QPoint(0, 0))
grabGeometry.moveTopLeft(QtCore.QPoint(0, 0))
# create the base mask region, adjusted to the margins between the
# grabWidget and the window as computed above
region = QtGui.QRegion(frameRect.adjusted(left, top, right, bottom))
# "subtract" the grabWidget rectangle to get a mask that only contains
# the window titlebar, margins and panel
region -= QtGui.QRegion(grabGeometry)
self.setMask(region)
# update the grab size according to grabWidget geometry
self.widthLabel.setText(str(self.grabWidget.width()))
self.heightLabel.setText(str(self.grabWidget.height()))
def resizeEvent(self, event):
super(Grabber, self).resizeEvent(event)
# the first resizeEvent is called *before* any first-time showEvent and
# paintEvent, there's no need to update the mask until then; see below
if not self.dirty:
self.updateMask()
def paintEvent(self, event):
super(Grabber, self).paintEvent(event)
# on Linux the frameGeometry is actually updated "sometime" after show()
# is called; on Windows and MacOS it *should* happen as soon as the first
# non-spontaneous showEvent is called (programmatically called: showEvent
# is also called whenever a window is restored after it has been
# minimized); we can assume that all that has already happened as soon as
# the first paintEvent is called; before then the window is flagged as
# "dirty", meaning that there's no need to update its mask yet.
# Once paintEvent has been called the first time, the geometries should
# have been already updated, we can mark the geometries "clean" and then
# actually apply the mask.
if self.dirty:
self.updateMask()
self.dirty = False
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
grabber = Grabber()
grabber.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())