使用 Selenium - 我如何 select 每行随机一个元素？

Question

我想 select 在 table 中每行一个元素。行和列没有实际值，只是为了测试。

该行的 cssSelector 是 div.table_row。
单元格的 cssSelector 是 div.table_cell.

如何从每行的 5 列中随机 select 一个元素，然后移动到下一行并随机 select 另一个元素？

我尝试这样做，但当然失败了：

Random rnd = new Random();
List<WebElement> button = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector(RADIO_BUTTON));
button.get(rnd.nextInt(button.size())).click();

其中 RADIO_BUTTON 是 cssSelector div.radio_button。这将随机 select 10 个单选按钮，测试将失败。

查看 table 图片 here。

在 Java 的 selenium 中尝试这个。我不熟悉 cssSelectors 中的父元素和子元素。
XPath 不在讨论之列，因为类是随机生成的，每次都会失败。

我希望它像 this.

谢谢！

HTML 页面来源：

   <div class="sc-eIHaNI ccrdop">
   <div id="question_container_54220043">
      <div>
         <div style="position: relative; overflow: hidden; width: auto; height: auto; min-height: 554px; max-height: 200px;">
            <div style="position: relative; overflow: scroll; margin-right: -17px; margin-bottom: -17px; min-height: 571px; max-height: 217px;">
               <div class="sc-dXLFzO oUzRG">
                  <div class="table sc-dlyikq fIjTup">
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV iCLgRI">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk iezKaA">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text"></div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk ddQJUy">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">a</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk ddQJUy">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">b</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk ddQJUy">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">c</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk ddQJUy">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">d</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk ddQJUy">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">e</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV heofGg">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk bxqvJw">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">1</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV heofGg">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk bxqvJw">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">2</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV heofGg">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk bxqvJw">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">3</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV heofGg">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk bxqvJw">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">4</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV heofGg">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk bxqvJw">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">5</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV heofGg">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk bxqvJw">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">6</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="table_row sc-blIhvV heofGg">
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-glUWqk bxqvJw">
                              <div class="sc-bTiqRo bfwdoK">
                                 <div class="table_cell_text">
                                    <div class="text" style="width: 100%;">7</div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="table_cell sc-bYTsla iuJcfM" width="100px">
                           <div class="sc-gQNndl ebzAHe">
                              <div class="sc-MYvYT jmUCao">
                                 <div class="radio_button sc-hwwEjo eTTyml">
                                    <div class="sc-kPVwWT eocRsE"></div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                   </div>
                </div>
            </div>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
</div>

Answer 1

您可以尝试这样的方法：

List<WebElement> tableRows = driver.findElements(By.cssSelector("div.table_row"));
// iterating over rows
for(WebElement row: tableRows){
    // Count number of cells in a row
    List<WebElement> columsInRows = row.findElements(By.cssSelector("div.table_cell"));
    Random rnd = new Random();
    // Take random item in a row
    int cellIndexToClick = rnd.nextInt(columsInRows.size());
    // Click that item
    columsInRows.get(cellIndexToClick).click();
}

Answer 2

我可以提供一些代码来帮助您入门。此代码将首先找到所有 table 行，然后每行选择一个随机单元格到 select。我实际上没有在您提供的 HTML 中看到任何 radio_button，所以我猜测并假设 <div class="table_cell_text"></div> 是单选按钮元素：

// init random
Random rnd = new Random();

// first get number of rows -- this returns 10
int rowCount = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[contains(@class, 'table_row')]")).size();

// then iterate the rows from 2-10 (WebElement lists are 1-based index, skip first header row)
for (int i = 2; i <= rowCount; i++)
{
    // get radio buttons for this row -- use i to get the row index
    // this returns 6
    List<WebElement> cells = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[contains(@class, 'table_row')][" + i + "]//div[@class='table_cell_text']")

    // get a random cell and click it -- start with 1 so we can skip first column
    cells.get(rnd.nextInt((cells.size() - 1) + 1).click();
}

我在 2 处开始了 for 循环，因为我们不想查看带有列 headers a、b、c、d 等的第一行。我还指定了 rnd.nextInt 在 1 和 cells.size() 之间进行选择，这样我们就不会选择第一列中包含数据 1、2、3、4 等的单元格

我们使用行 cells.get(rnd.nextInt((cells.size() - 1) + 1).click(); 来确保我们得到的列表索引大于 0，但仍在 cells.size() 范围内。 rnd.nextInt(cells.size() returns 一个 int 从 0 到 cells.size()。但是，我们想跳过 0 的情况，所以我们将 + 1 添加到结果中。但是，然后我们运行进入 out of bounds 潜在问题，所以我们将 - 1 添加到 cells.size().

这段代码实际上是请求一个从0到size() - 1的随机整数，然后在结果上加1，所以我们得到了从1到size()的随机整数，这样就可以跳过第一个我们不想点击的单元格列。

使用 Selenium - 我如何 select 每行随机一个元素？

With Selenium - how can I select one element per row randomly?

java

testng

selenium

automation

webdriver