将通用类型 T 缩小为 Pick<T, U> 的类型保护

Type guard which narrows generic type T to Pick<T, U>

我有一个类型保护,其唯一目的是检查对象中 属性 的存在以及它是否具有一些价值。

对于类型系统我想对编译器说这句话,如果类型保护检查成功:

This is an input object, if type guard succeeds then output is an object with lineHeight property

对于确切的对象,它看起来像这样:

type PickedLineHeight = Pick<TextStyle, "lineHeight">
type NonNullableLineHeight = Required<PickedLineHeight>

function hasLineHeight(style: object): style is NonNullableLineHeight {
    return (
        style.hasOwnProperty("lineHeight") &&
        (style as PickedLineHeight).lineHeight !== undefined
    )
}

我如何开发更通用的函数版本,例如 hasProperty(style, prop)

我的尝试是:

function hasProperty<T extends { [key: string]: any}, U extends keyof T>(style: T, prop: U): style is Pick<T, U> {
    return (
        style.hasOwnProperty(prop) &&
        style[prop] !== undefined
    )
}

但我不断收到此错误消息,我无法消除或理解

无意间想到了这个解决方案,我个人认为,与显示错误的相同。

但无论如何,这是毫无怨言的工作:

function hasProperty<T extends object>(style: T, prop: keyof T): style is Pick<T, typeof prop> {
    return (
        style.hasOwnProperty(prop) &&
        style[prop] !== undefined
    )
}

function hasFontSize(style: TextStyle) {
    return hasProperty(style, "fontSize")
}

function hasLineHeight(style: TextStyle) {
    return hasProperty(style, "lineHeight")
}

我可能会这样输入 hasProperty()

function hasProperty<T extends object, K extends keyof T>(
    style: T,
    prop: K
): style is T & { [P in K]-?: Exclude<T[K], undefined> } {
    return style.hasOwnProperty(prop) && style[prop] !== undefined;
}

这应该反映出 hasProperty() 将验证 属性 是否存在而不是 undefined。受保护的类型 T & { [P in K]-?: Exclude<T[K], undefined> } 可分配给 T(这是 intersection T & ... 所说的)并且对 K 键控 属性.注意,{ [P in K]-?: Exclude<T[K], undefined> }也可以写成Required<Record<K, Exclude<T[K], undefined>>,这样更容易理解。让我们确保它的行为符合预期:

interface Example {
    required: string;
    optional?: string;
    requiredButPossiblyUndefined: string | undefined;
    requiredButPossiblyNull: string | null;
}

function checkExample(ex: Example) {
    ex.required.toUpperCase(); // okay

    // hasProperty de-optionalizes optional properties
    ex.optional.toUpperCase(); // error, possibly undefined
    if (hasProperty(ex, "optional")) {
        ex.optional.toUpperCase(); // okay
    }

    // hasProperty removes undefined from list of possible values
    ex.requiredButPossiblyUndefined.toUpperCase(); // error, possibly undefined
    if (hasProperty(ex, "requiredButPossiblyUndefined")) {
        ex.requiredButPossiblyUndefined.toUpperCase(); // okay
    }

    // hasProperty doesn't do anything with null
    ex.requiredButPossiblyNull.toUpperCase(); // error, possibly null
    if (hasProperty(ex, "requiredButPossiblyNull")) {
        ex.requiredButPossiblyNull.toUpperCase(); // error, possibly null
    }
}

看起来不错。好的,希望有帮助。祝你好运!

Link to code