如何在没有 sudo 的情况下运行 NPM？
How can I run NPM without sudo?
我一直在阅读帖子，试图弄清楚如何在没有 sudo 的情况下运行 npm install。我还看到了以下文章，但我认为它适用于较旧版本的 NPM。我做了以下产生较少错误的操作，但最后仍然抛出错误：
sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local
唯一没有错误的方法是运行 sudo npm install 但我读到这不是一个好主意。
下面是我运行后看到的结果。我的猜测是权限，但我真的不知道我应该 chown 哪些文件夹（如果有的话）。对大量数据感到抱歉，我真的不知道什么是相关的。我在日志 (/var/www/budget/npm-debug.log) 中也看不到任何有用的信息，尽管它很大。我还有什么需要补充的吗？
$ npm install
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No description
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No repository field.
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No README data
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/grunt-contrib-watch
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/grunt-contrib-less
.
.
.
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/hawk/1.1.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/delayed-stream/0.0.5
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, chmod '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! fstream_finish_call chmod
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:305:19
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! error rolling back Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid'
npm ERR! error rolling back request@2.51.0 { [Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid']
npm ERR! error rolling back errno: 53,
npm ERR! error rolling back code: 'ENOTEMPTY',
npm ERR! error rolling back path: '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid' }
npm WARN optional dep failed, continuing request@2.51.0
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/delayed-stream/0.0.5
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
grunt-cache-breaker@1.0.1 node_modules/grunt-cache-breaker
└── cache-breaker@0.0.4 (lodash@2.2.1)
grunt-contrib-watch@0.5.3 node_modules/grunt-contrib-watch
├── tiny-lr@0.0.4 (debug@0.7.4, faye-websocket@0.4.4, noptify@0.0.3, qs@0.5.6)
└── gaze@0.4.3 (globule@0.1.0)
grunt@0.4.5 node_modules/grunt
├── which@1.0.8
├── dateformat@1.0.2-1.2.3
├── eventemitter2@0.4.14
├── getobject@0.1.0
├── rimraf@2.2.8
├── colors@0.6.2
├── hooker@0.2.3
├── async@0.1.22
├── grunt-legacy-util@0.2.0
├── exit@0.1.2
├── minimatch@0.2.14 (sigmund@1.0.0, lru-cache@2.5.0)
├── lodash@0.9.2
├── coffee-script@1.3.3
├── underscore.string@2.2.1
├── iconv-lite@0.2.11
├── glob@3.1.21 (inherits@1.0.0, graceful-fs@1.2.3)
├── nopt@1.0.10 (abbrev@1.0.5)
├── findup-sync@0.1.3 (lodash@2.4.1, glob@3.2.11)
├── grunt-legacy-log@0.1.1 (underscore.string@2.3.3, lodash@2.4.1)
└── js-yaml@2.0.5 (argparse@0.1.16, esprima@1.0.4)
grunt-contrib-cssmin@0.10.0 node_modules/grunt-contrib-cssmin
├── chalk@0.4.0 (has-color@0.1.7, ansi-styles@1.0.0, strip-ansi@0.1.1)
├── clean-css@2.2.22 (commander@2.2.0)
└── maxmin@0.2.2 (figures@1.3.5, pretty-bytes@0.1.2, chalk@0.5.1, gzip-size@0.2.0)
grunt-contrib-less@0.7.0 node_modules/grunt-contrib-less
├── grunt-lib-contrib@0.6.1 (zlib-browserify@0.0.1)
└── less@1.4.2 (mime@1.2.11, mkdirp@0.3.5, ycssmin@1.0.1)
npm ERR! Error: Callback called more than once.
npm ERR! at errorHandler (/usr/share/npm/lib/utils/error-handler.js:80:16)
npm ERR! at save (/usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:329:12)
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:98:7
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:188:5
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:119:5
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR! at cb (/usr/lib/nodejs/slide/lib/async-map.js:48:11)
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR! at cb (/usr/lib/nodejs/slide/lib/async-map.js:48:11)
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
npm ERR! /var/www/budget/npm-debug.log
npm ERR! not ok code 0
从日志看来，您的应用程序似乎存储在 /var/www/budget 中，您 cwd 进入此目录并 运行 npm install。但是，此路径最常由 Apache 服务用户拥有（apache 或 httpd，不确定到底是哪一个，它可能还取决于您使用的软件）。
我不建议 将此文件夹的所有权授予您的用户帐户。但是，将您的用户帐户放入 apache 用户组并更改权限以便该组具有 read/write 访问权限（如果还没有）可能会很好：
（在执行之前确保该组确实是 apache，以免您将 r/w 权限授予其他组）
sudo chmod -R g+r,g+w /var/www
一般来说，您允许自己全局安装 npm 模块（进入 /usr/local，使用 -g 标志），但您的应用程序没有驻留在该目录中，因此您必须确定最佳操作方案来修改该特定应用程序路径的权限设置。
如果你想 运行 命令 npm install -g protractor 而不使用 sudo 你需要
- 配置 NPM 以将包文件复制到不需要
sudo 权限的位置并从该位置执行（我相信 Ubuntu 中唯一允许此默认设置的位置是 /home/user-name/ )
.
- 更新 $PATH 变量，BASH 从命令提示符
确定 scripts/programs 可用于 运行 时查看的内容
首先需要确定节点当前配置安装全局包的位置
基于NPM official config docs - 以及各种其他来源
运行:
$ npm config get prefix
或
$ npm config list
或（显示所有配置默认值）
$ npm config ls -l
NPM 前缀值 确定节点包的安装位置。
也就是说，如果运行宁npm config list的结果是这样的：
; userconfig /home/michael/.npmrc
prefix = "/home/michael/npm"
意思是
- 您有一个用户级配置
/home/michael/.npmrc，NPM 将解析 的优先级高于 global/system 配置文件
- 当您指定全局安装时
npm install -g protractor 量角器文件将安装到 /home/michael/npm
现在进行更改！
直接使用
设置prefix
npm config set prefix ~/npm
将 NPM 包脚本文件放入 BASH 的路径
附加（编辑）.bashrc 文件：
export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/npm/bin"
和运行
$ source .bashrc
重新解析 .bashrc 脚本
我认为最好的办法是使用版本管理器，例如 nvm or n。
这样你就可以安装不同版本的节点并在它们之间轻松切换，并且可执行文件将存储在不同的 PATH 下，如果是 ~/.nvm/v0.10.33/bin 中的 nvm，因此不再需要 sudo。
一种冒险的方法，转到 /etc/sudoers 并在末尾添加此行：
USERNAME HOSTNAME = (root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/npm
USERNAME - 用户，您无需为其检查 sudo 权限
HOSTNAME - 您的计算机域名
编辑 /etc/sudoers 时的任何错误都会导致您的 sudo 命令停止工作，您需要使用 grub 模式来恢复您的 PC。
我一直在阅读帖子，试图弄清楚如何在没有 sudo 的情况下运行 npm install。我还看到了以下文章，但我认为它适用于较旧版本的 NPM。我做了以下产生较少错误的操作，但最后仍然抛出错误：
sudo chown -R $USER /usr/local
唯一没有错误的方法是运行 sudo npm install 但我读到这不是一个好主意。
下面是我运行后看到的结果。我的猜测是权限，但我真的不知道我应该 chown 哪些文件夹（如果有的话）。对大量数据感到抱歉，我真的不知道什么是相关的。我在日志 (/var/www/budget/npm-debug.log) 中也看不到任何有用的信息，尽管它很大。我还有什么需要补充的吗？
$ npm install
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No description
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No repository field.
npm WARN package.json budget@0.0.1 No README data
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/grunt-contrib-watch
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/grunt-contrib-less
.
.
.
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/hawk/1.1.1
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/delayed-stream/0.0.5
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, chmod '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/bl/test/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! fstream_finish_call chmod
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:305:19
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! error rolling back Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid'
npm ERR! error rolling back request@2.51.0 { [Error: ENOTEMPTY, rmdir '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid']
npm ERR! error rolling back errno: 53,
npm ERR! error rolling back code: 'ENOTEMPTY',
npm ERR! error rolling back path: '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/node-uuid' }
npm WARN optional dep failed, continuing request@2.51.0
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/qs/lib/utils.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/http-signature/lib/util.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/delayed-stream/0.0.5
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/tough-cookie/test.js
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
grunt-cache-breaker@1.0.1 node_modules/grunt-cache-breaker
└── cache-breaker@0.0.4 (lodash@2.2.1)
grunt-contrib-watch@0.5.3 node_modules/grunt-contrib-watch
├── tiny-lr@0.0.4 (debug@0.7.4, faye-websocket@0.4.4, noptify@0.0.3, qs@0.5.6)
└── gaze@0.4.3 (globule@0.1.0)
grunt@0.4.5 node_modules/grunt
├── which@1.0.8
├── dateformat@1.0.2-1.2.3
├── eventemitter2@0.4.14
├── getobject@0.1.0
├── rimraf@2.2.8
├── colors@0.6.2
├── hooker@0.2.3
├── async@0.1.22
├── grunt-legacy-util@0.2.0
├── exit@0.1.2
├── minimatch@0.2.14 (sigmund@1.0.0, lru-cache@2.5.0)
├── lodash@0.9.2
├── coffee-script@1.3.3
├── underscore.string@2.2.1
├── iconv-lite@0.2.11
├── glob@3.1.21 (inherits@1.0.0, graceful-fs@1.2.3)
├── nopt@1.0.10 (abbrev@1.0.5)
├── findup-sync@0.1.3 (lodash@2.4.1, glob@3.2.11)
├── grunt-legacy-log@0.1.1 (underscore.string@2.3.3, lodash@2.4.1)
└── js-yaml@2.0.5 (argparse@0.1.16, esprima@1.0.4)
grunt-contrib-cssmin@0.10.0 node_modules/grunt-contrib-cssmin
├── chalk@0.4.0 (has-color@0.1.7, ansi-styles@1.0.0, strip-ansi@0.1.1)
├── clean-css@2.2.22 (commander@2.2.0)
└── maxmin@0.2.2 (figures@1.3.5, pretty-bytes@0.1.2, chalk@0.5.1, gzip-size@0.2.0)
grunt-contrib-less@0.7.0 node_modules/grunt-contrib-less
├── grunt-lib-contrib@0.6.1 (zlib-browserify@0.0.1)
└── less@1.4.2 (mime@1.2.11, mkdirp@0.3.5, ycssmin@1.0.1)
npm ERR! Error: Callback called more than once.
npm ERR! at errorHandler (/usr/share/npm/lib/utils/error-handler.js:80:16)
npm ERR! at save (/usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:329:12)
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:98:7
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/lib/install.js:188:5
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:119:5
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR! at cb (/usr/lib/nodejs/slide/lib/async-map.js:48:11)
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR! at cb (/usr/lib/nodejs/slide/lib/async-map.js:48:11)
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/node_modules/read-installed/read-installed.js:233:14
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/mime-types/lib/mime.json
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR! Error: ENOENT, lstat '/var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png'
npm ERR! If you need help, you may report this log at:
npm ERR! <http://github.com/isaacs/npm/issues>
npm ERR! or email it to:
npm ERR! <npm-@googlegroups.com>
npm ERR! System Linux 3.13.0-40-generic
npm ERR! command "/usr/bin/nodejs" "/usr/bin/npm" "install"
npm ERR! cwd /var/www/budget
npm ERR! node -v v0.10.25
npm ERR! npm -v 1.3.10
npm ERR! path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png
npm ERR! fstream_path /var/www/budget/node_modules/grunt-contrib-less/node_modules/less/node_modules/request/node_modules/hawk/images/logo.png
npm ERR! fstream_type File
npm ERR! fstream_class FileWriter
npm ERR! code ENOENT
npm ERR! errno 34
npm ERR! fstream_stack /usr/lib/nodejs/fstream/lib/writer.js:284:26
npm ERR! fstream_stack Object.oncomplete (fs.js:107:15)
npm ERR!
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
npm ERR! /var/www/budget/npm-debug.log
npm ERR! not ok code 0
从日志看来，您的应用程序似乎存储在 /var/www/budget 中，您 cwd 进入此目录并 运行 npm install。但是，此路径最常由 Apache 服务用户拥有（apache 或 httpd，不确定到底是哪一个，它可能还取决于您使用的软件）。
我不建议 将此文件夹的所有权授予您的用户帐户。但是，将您的用户帐户放入 apache 用户组并更改权限以便该组具有 read/write 访问权限（如果还没有）可能会很好：
（在执行之前确保该组确实是 apache，以免您将 r/w 权限授予其他组）
sudo chmod -R g+r,g+w /var/www
一般来说，您允许自己全局安装 npm 模块（进入 /usr/local，使用 -g 标志），但您的应用程序没有驻留在该目录中，因此您必须确定最佳操作方案来修改该特定应用程序路径的权限设置。
如果你想 运行 命令 npm install -g protractor 而不使用 sudo 你需要
- 配置 NPM 以将包文件复制到不需要
sudo权限的位置并从该位置执行（我相信 Ubuntu 中唯一允许此默认设置的位置是/home/user-name/)
. - 更新 $PATH 变量，BASH 从命令提示符 确定 scripts/programs 可用于 运行 时查看的内容
首先需要确定节点当前配置安装全局包的位置
基于NPM official config docs - 以及各种其他来源
运行:
$ npm config get prefix
或
$ npm config list
或（显示所有配置默认值）
$ npm config ls -l
NPM 前缀值 确定节点包的安装位置。
也就是说，如果运行宁npm config list的结果是这样的：
; userconfig /home/michael/.npmrc
prefix = "/home/michael/npm"
意思是
- 您有一个用户级配置
/home/michael/.npmrc，NPM 将解析 的优先级高于 global/system 配置文件 - 当您指定全局安装时
npm install -g protractor量角器文件将安装到/home/michael/npm
直接使用
设置prefix
npm config set prefix ~/npm
将 NPM 包脚本文件放入 BASH 的路径
附加（编辑）.bashrc 文件：
export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/npm/bin"
和运行
$ source .bashrc
重新解析 .bashrc 脚本
我认为最好的办法是使用版本管理器，例如 nvm or n。
这样你就可以安装不同版本的节点并在它们之间轻松切换，并且可执行文件将存储在不同的 PATH 下，如果是 ~/.nvm/v0.10.33/bin 中的 nvm，因此不再需要 sudo。
一种冒险的方法，转到 /etc/sudoers 并在末尾添加此行：
USERNAME HOSTNAME = (root) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/npm
USERNAME - 用户，您无需为其检查 sudo 权限
HOSTNAME - 您的计算机域名
编辑 /etc/sudoers 时的任何错误都会导致您的 sudo 命令停止工作，您需要使用 grub 模式来恢复您的 PC。