我如何实现具有多个 init 继承的 super() ？

Question

我正在做一个涉及多个继承的练习，初始化器需要多个参数并思考，super() 如何解决这个问题而不是手动调用每个 superclass？


class One:
    def __init__(self, address, phone):
        self.address = address
        self.phone = phone

class Two:
    def __init__(self, city):
        self.city = city

class Three(One,Two):
    def __init__(self, country, address, phone, city):
        self.country = country
        One.__init__(self, address, phone)
        Two.__init__(self, city)
        print(f"{address}, " + f"{phone}, " + f"{self.city}, " + f"{self.country}")

i = Three("Acountry", "AnAddress", "Aphone", "Acity")

这很好用，所有参数都按顺序打印，但我不知道如何在此处实现 super()。

我试过在 subclass 上添加 2 个 superclass:

        super().__init__(address, phone)
        super().__init__(city)

甚至在父 class 上添加一个 super() 使其指向 class Two:

class One:
    def __init__(self, address, phone, city):
        self.address = address
        self.phone = phone
        super().__init__(city)

class Two:
    def __init__(self, city):
        self.city = city

class Three(One,Two):
    def __init__(self, country, address, phone, city):
        self.country = country
        super().__init__(address, phone)
        print(f"{address}, " + f"{phone}, " + f"{self.city}, " + f"{self.country}")

i = Three("Acountry", "AnAddress", "Aphone", "Acity")

没用。

如何在有效的原始代码中实现 super()？

Answer 1

您应该阅读 this article by Raymond Hettinger，其中介绍了 super 的工作原理，并概述了类使用它的外观。他建议将参数作为关键字参数传递，并在每个 __init__:

的末尾调用 super().__init__

class One:
    def __init__(self, address, phone, **kwargs):
        self.address = address
        self.phone = phone
        super().__init__(**kwargs)

class Two:
    def __init__(self, city, **kwargs):
        self.city = city
        super().__init__(**kwargs)

class Three(One,Two):
    def __init__(self, country, address, phone, city, **kwargs):
        self.country = country
        super().__init__(address=address, phone=phone, city=city, **kwargs)
        print(f"{address}, " + f"{phone}, " + f"{self.city}, " + f"{self.country}")

i = Three("Acountry", "AnAddress", "Aphone", "Acity")

我如何实现具有多个 init 继承的 super() ？

How can i implement super() with multiple init inheritances?

python

inheritance

super

python-3.x