当 class 包含接口类型的变量时，如何通过 jackson 序列化/反序列化？

Question

有一个接口，比方说 A。我有多个 class 实现了该接口 A。那些 class 也包含 class 类型 A 的变量。所以，就像：

@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.Class, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.Property, property = "className")

@JsonSubType({
 @Type(value = abstractClass.class, name = "abstractClass"),
 @Type(value = subClass1.class, name = "subClass1"),
 @Type(value = subClass2.class, name = "subClass2"),
 '
 '
 '
})
interface A {
 func1();
 func2();
}

abstract class abstractClass implements A {
 int abstractvar1;
 func1(){//code} 
}

class subClass1 extends abstractClass {
  int var1;
  int var2;
  A var3;
  A var4;
}

class subClass2 extends abstractClass {
  int var1;
  int var2;
  A var3;
}

class subClass3 extends abstractClass {
  float var1;
  int var2;
  A var3;
}

 and more classes defined trying to extend abstractClass..

已经定义了构造函数、getter 和 setter。

Class 由所有变量组成

class Implementor {
 int implementorVar1;
 String implementorVar2;
 A implementorVar3;
 int implementorVar4;
}

因此，我想将 Implementor class 序列化为 JSON。我正在使用杰克逊。因此，我将 @jsonTypeInfo 和 @type 添加到接口中，以便它们有一个具体的 class 来处理。但是，当我尝试序列化 subClasses 时，只有 var1 和 var2 被序列化，它们是 int 类型，而不是 var3/var4 ，它们是 A 类型。我怎样才能序列化这些变量呢？

Json 如果我尝试序列化 Implementor，我会得到：

{
  "implementorVar1": 1,
  "implementorVar2": "hello",
  "implementorVar3": {
    "className": "subClass2",
    "abstractVar1": 45,
  },
  "implementorVar4": 1000
}

Json 我期待：

{
  "implementorVar1": 1,
  "implementorVar2": "hello",
  "implementorVar3": {
    "className": "subClass2",
    "abstractVar1" : 45,
    "var1": 45,
    "var2": 56,
    "var3": {
      "className": "subClass3",
      "var1": 2,
      "var2": 5,
      "var3" : {
        "className" : "" ...
     }
    }
  },
  "implementorVar4": 1000
}

Answer 1

我复制了你的代码并做了一些改动，它在如下实现时对我有用（序列化和反序列化），所以如果这符合你的期望，请告诉我。要注意的要点是对注释的几个小修正，我发现在默认配置下，拥有正确的 getter 和 setter 绝对至关重要，否则属性将不会被序列化——这似乎是最有可能的问题。

就我个人而言，我会考虑使用配置来允许 Jackson 直接使用属性，因为我讨厌一揽子 getter 和 setter 公开泄漏你所有的内部状态，而不是封装它并暴露特定行为，但这只是意见 - 与你无关问题！

输出：

{
  "implementorVar1" : 1,
  "implementorVar2" : "hello",
  "implementorVar3" : {
    "className" : "subClass2",
    "var1" : 1,
    "var2" : 2,
    "var3" : {
      "className" : "subClass3",
      "var1" : 1.0,
      "var2" : 2,
      "var3" : {
        "className" : "subClass1",
        "var1" : 1,
        "var2" : 2
      }
    }
  },
  "implementorVar4" : 1000
}

代码片段：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Implementor target = new Implementor(1, "hello",
            new SubClass2(1, 2,
                    new SubClass3(1F, 2,
                            new SubClass1(1, 2))),
            1000);
    try {
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = mapper
                .writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter()
                .writeValueAsString(target);
        Implementor deserialised = mapper.readValue(json, Implementor.class);
        System.out.println(json);
        System.out.println(deserialised);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}


class Implementor {
    private int implementorVar1;
    private String implementorVar2;
    private A implementorVar3;
    private int implementorVar4;

    public Implementor() {}

    public Implementor(int implementorVar1, String implementorVar2, A implementorVar3, int implementorVar4) {
        this.implementorVar1 = implementorVar1;
        this.implementorVar2 = implementorVar2;
        this.implementorVar3 = implementorVar3;
        this.implementorVar4 = implementorVar4;
    }

    public int getImplementorVar1() {
        return implementorVar1;
    }

    public void setImplementorVar1(int implementorVar1) {
        this.implementorVar1 = implementorVar1;
    }
    // Other getters/setters omitted
    // Default configuration ABSOLUTELY requires getters and setters for all properties in all serialised classes
}

@JsonTypeInfo(use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, property = "className")
@JsonSubTypes({
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = SubClass1.class, name = "subClass1"),
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = SubClass2.class, name = "subClass2"),
        @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = SubClass3.class, name = "subClass3")
})
interface A {
    int func1();
    int func2();
}


class SubClass1 extends AbstractClass {
    private int var1;
    private int var2;

    public SubClass1() {}

    public SubClass1(int var1, int var2) {
        this.var1 = var1;
        this.var2 = var2;
    }

    @Override
    public int func1() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int func2() {
        return 0;
    }

    // getters and setters omitted but they HAVE to be there
}

class SubClass2 extends AbstractClass {
    private int var1;
    private int var2;
    private A var3;

    public SubClass2() {}

    public SubClass2(int var1, int var2, A var3) {
        this.var1 = var1;
        this.var2 = var2;
        this.var3 = var3;
    }
    // getters and setters omitted but they HAVE to be there
}

class SubClass3 extends AbstractClass {
    private float var1;
    private int var2;
    private A var3;

    public SubClass3() {}

    public SubClass3(float var1, int var2, A var3) {
        this.var1 = var1;
        this.var2 = var2;
        this.var3 = var3;
    }

    @Override
    public int func1() {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int func2() {
        return 0;
    }
    // getters and setters omitted but they HAVE to be there
}

当 class 包含接口类型的变量时，如何通过 jackson 序列化/反序列化？

How to serialize/ deserialize via jackson when class contains variables of type interface?

java

json

interface

jackson

json-serialization