在 Word [docx] [Python 3.8.2] 中设置 table 单元格的背景颜色

Setting the background color of a table cell in Word [docx] [Python 3.8.2]

我无法理解如何设置 table 单元格的背景颜色。

我尝试了很多组合,但我唯一能做的就是设置段落样式。

import docx    

doc = docx.Document()

records = (
    (3, '101', 'Spam'),
    (7, '422', 'Eggs'),
    (4, '631', 'Spam, spam, eggs, and spam')
    )

table = doc.add_table(rows=1, cols=3)

hdr_cells = table.rows[0].cells
hdr_cells[0].text = 'Qty'
hdr_cells[1].text = 'Id'
hdr_cells[2].text = 'Desc'
for qty, id, desc in records:
    row_cells = table.add_row().cells
    row_cells[0].add_paragraph(str(qty), "Title 1")
    row_cells[0].text_frame.paragraph[0].font.size = Pt(12)
    row_cells[1].text = id
    row_cells[2].text = desc

doc.save("Testing.docx")

我想将 row_cells[0] 设置为红色背景,但我做不到。

我该怎么做?

官方 python-docx 库仍然不支持该选项。 但是,您可以尝试自己实施它。您要查找的 属性 名为 cell shading located under cell properties

解决方法: 添加阴影元素(w:shd)到单元格属性(w:tcPr).

编写了执行此操作的简单函数:

def _set_cell_background(cell, fill, color=None, val=None):
    """
    @fill: Specifies the color to be used for the background
    @color: Specifies the color to be used for any foreground
    pattern specified with the val attribute
    @val: Specifies the pattern to be used to lay the pattern
    color over the background color.
    """
    from docx.oxml.shared import qn  # feel free to move these out
    from docx.oxml.xmlchemy import OxmlElement

    cell_properties = cell._element.tcPr
    try:
        cell_shading = cell_properties.xpath('w:shd')[0]  # in case there's already shading
    except IndexError:
        cell_shading = OxmlElement('w:shd') # add new w:shd element to it
    if fill:
        cell_shading.set(qn('w:fill'), fill)  # set fill property, respecting namespace
    if color:
        pass # TODO
    if val:
        pass # TODO
    cell_properties.append(cell_shading)  # finally extend cell props with shading element

如果需要,请随意扩展其他属性。

所以根据你的例子,一旦你有了你的 table,在保存文档之前,添加这一行:

.
.
_set_cell_background(table.rows[0].cells[0], 'FF0000')
doc.save("Testing.docx")

此外,请随时通过在此处注册此新元素来为官方图书馆做出贡献:https://github.com/python-openxml/python-docx/blob/master/docx/oxml/table.py#L753。 :)

希望这对您有所帮助,