为什么我在 Kibana 中从 NLog FileTarget 获取部分日志消息?

Why do I get partial log message in Kibana from NLog FileTarget?

我正在使用 NLog FileTarget 将消息记录到一个文件中,该文件会被 filebeat 拾取并发送到 Kibana。

我的消息经常是多行的。

我注意到一些消息在 Kibana 中显示为被剪裁,多行消息中只有 一些 行。

比如logfie中我有这样的东西

2020-05-04 16:23:16.1523|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.1523|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb||INFO|Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Diagnostics|Request starting HTTP/2.0 GET https://localhost:44328/Foo   
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.2287|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb|user1|DEBUG|MyApp.Web.Controllers.FooController|Validation OK
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.2530|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb|user1|DEBUG|MyApp.Web.BusinessLogic.FooLogic|Query results time:3ms 
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.2687|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb|user1|DEBUG|MyApp.Web.BusinessLogic.FooLogic|Count:0 time:1ms 
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.6127|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb|user1|INFO|Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Diagnostics|Request finished in 459.4438ms 200 text/html; charset=utf-8 

但是在kibana我只看到

2020-05-04 16:23:16.1523|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.1523|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb||INFO|Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Diagnostics|Request starting HTTP/2.0 GET https://localhost:44328/Foo   
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.2287|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb|user1|DEBUG|MyApp.Web.Controllers.FooController|Validation OK
    2020-05-04 16:23:16.2530|::1|80000037-0000-fb00-b63f-84710c7967bb|user1|DEBUG|MyApp.Web.BusinessLogic.FooLogic|Query results time:3ms 

请注意,这只发生在 一些 条消息上,而不是全部,并且日志消息的大小似乎并不重要。我有很长的消息被完整记录,而较小的消息被裁剪了。

我能想到的唯一原因是消息不是一次性写的,而是分几部分写的,kibana 会挑出部分消息而忽略其余部分。是这样吗?如果是这样,我可以将目标配置为一次写入所有消息吗?

我的筹码是:

我的文件目标配置如下所示:

"target": {
  "type": "File",
  "fileName": "c:\wwwlogs\MyApp.Web\Combined.log",
  "archiveFileName": "c:\wwwlogs\MyApp.Web\archives\Combined.{#}.log",
  "archiveEvery": "Day",
  "archiveNumbering": "Rolling",
  "maxArchiveFiles": "7",
  "layout": "${longdate}|${aspnet-request-ip}|${aspnet-TraceIdentifier}|${aspnet-user-identity}|${uppercase:${level}}|${logger}|${message} ${exception:format=tostring}"
}

FileBeat 配置为:

- type: log
  enabled: true
  paths:
    - C:\wwwlogs\MyApp.Web\Combined.log
  multiline.pattern: '^[[:space:]]'
  multiline.negate: false
  multiline.match: after

尴尬,但事实证明这不是问题。整个消息被 filebeat 获取,但仅部分显示在 Kibana 索引视图中。如果单击消息详细信息,则可以看到整个消息。

所以,NLog 和 filebeat 没有问题,这是 Kibana 中的视图问题

不是 FileBeat 专家,但阅读文档后:

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/current/filebeat-input-log.html#filebeat-input-log-config-json

那么看起来你可以这样做:

- type: log
  enabled: true
  paths:
    - C:\wwwlogs\MyApp.Web\Combined.log
  input_type: log
  json.message_key: msg
  json.keys_under_root: false
  json.add_error_key: true
  json.overwrite_keys: false

然后你可以使用 NLog JsonLayout 来做到这一点:

"target": {
  "type": "File",
  "fileName": "c:\wwwlogs\MyApp.Web\Combined.log",
  "archiveFileName": "c:\wwwlogs\MyApp.Web\archives\Combined.{#}.log",
  "archiveEvery": "Day",
  "archiveNumbering": "Rolling",
  "maxArchiveFiles": "7",
  "layout": {
      "type": "JsonLayout",
        "Attributes": [
        {
          "name": "time",
          "layout": "${date:format=o}"
        },
        {
          "name": "lvl",
          "layout": "${level}"
        },
        {
          "name": "logger",
          "layout": "${logger}"
        },
        {
          "name": "msg",
          "layout": "${message}"
        },
        {
          "name": "req_traceid",
          "layout": "${aspnet-TraceIdentifier}"
        },
        {
          "name": "req_user",
          "layout": "${aspnet-user-identity}"
        },
        {
          "name": "req_ip",
          "layout": "${aspnet-request-ip}"
        },
        {
          "name": "error_type",
          "layout": "${exception:format=type}"
        },
        {
          "name": "exception",
          "layout": "${exception:format=tostring}"
        },
        {
          "name": "properties",
          "encode": false,
          "layout": {
            "type": "JsonLayout",
            "includeallproperties": "true"
          }
        }]
   }
}