当 SPARQL 中的分组结果为空时,防止 GROUP_CONCAT 返回空字符串

Prevent GROUP_CONCAT from returning empty string when grouped results are null in SPARQL

我有一个 SPARQL 查询 returning 我想要什么,保存一件事。当我使用 GROUP_CONCAT 时,我在结果中收到一个空字符串。当分组的值是 null 时,我希望它只是 return 集中的 null。您可以在下面的示例中看到我的 ?team 结果 return "" 而不是像 ?end 那样简单地 null 是 returning。在空字符串的情况下,我的 ?person 值实际上是 null。有没有办法让我也可以从 ?team 到 return null

SPARQL 查询:

SELECT ?event ?start ?end ?team {
    SELECT ?event ?start ?end (GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT ?person;SEPARATOR=",") AS ?team) {
        ?event a cls:Event ;
            prop:startDate ?start .

        OPTIONAL {
            ?event prop:endDate ?end .
            ?event prop:teamMember ?person .
        }

        FILTER (?start >= "2020-05-25" && ?start < "2020-08-31")
    } GROUP BY ?event ?start ?end
} ORDER BY ?start

结果:

| event       | start      | end        | team                                                         |
|-------------|------------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
| event:Test1 | 2020-05-27 |            | ""                                                           |
| event:Test3 | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-29 | "http://foo.bar/person/smith,http://foo.bar/person/williams" |
| event:Test2 | 2020-05-29 |            | ""                                                           |

恐怕 SPARQL 规范(请参阅 here)确认您观察到的行为是正确的。

要了解为什么会这样,请想象一下,您不是在执行 GROUP_CONCAT,而是在执行 COUNT。那么你如果一个团队没有成员,你会希望看到 0,而不是 null。

为了得到你想要的,我会尝试这个作为第一次迭代:

SELECT ?event ?start ?end ?team {

    BIND(IF(?team_temp = "", ?team_temp, ?unboundVariable) AS ?team)
#The above check if ?team_temp = "". If it is not, then there is a team and you use ?team-temp as ?team. Otherwise, if ?team_temp = "", you use some unbound variable as ?team, and this unbound variable will be null.

    {SELECT ?event ?start ?end (GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT ?person;SEPARATOR=",") AS ?team_temp) {
            ?event a cls:Event ;
                prop:startDate ?start .

            OPTIONAL { ?event prop:endDate ?end }
            OPTIONAL { ?event prop:teamMember ?person }
#Notice that if we want to match ?end and ?person optionally AND independently, then we need two optional statements above here, instead of one large one.

            FILTER (?start >= "2020-05-25" && ?start < "2020-08-31")
        } GROUP BY ?event ?start ?end}
    } ORDER BY ?start