为什么在调用浏览器时 'java.lang.NullPointerException' 出现在 Maven 项目中，如何解决这个问题？
Why at the time of invocation of browser 'java.lang.NullPointerException' is occurring in maven project and how to fix this?
我正在制作一个 maven 项目，在打开 chrome 浏览器时显示
java.lang.NullPointerException 异常，我无法找到这里缺少的内容以及浏览器无法打开的原因。
我的基地class是这样的
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentReports;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest;
import pages.LandingPage;
import pages.LoginPage;
import utils.ExtentReportManager;
import utils.DateUtils;
public class Base {
public WebDriver driver;
public Properties prop;
public ExtentReports report = ExtentReportManager.getReportInstance();
public ExtentTest logger;
public void invokeBrowser(String browsername) {
try {
if (browsername.equalsIgnoreCase("Chrome")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\driver\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();//This is line 39 in Base
} else if (browsername.equalsIgnoreCase("Firefox")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver",
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\driver\geckodriver.exe");
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
} else {
System.setProperty("webdriver.IEDriverServer.driver",
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\driver\IEDriverServer.exe");
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//**This is line 53**
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
prop = new Properties();
try {
FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\ObjectRepository\projectConfig.properties");
prop.load(file);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public LandingPage OpenApplication(String websiteURLKey ) {
driver.get(prop.getProperty(websiteURLKey));
return PageFactory.initElements(driver, LandingPage.class);
}
public void closebrowser() {
driver.close();
}
@AfterMethod
public void reportFlush() {
report.flush();
}
/****************** Capture Screen Shot ***********************/
public void takeScreenShotOnFailure() {
TakesScreenshot takeScreenShot = (TakesScreenshot) driver;
File sourceFile = takeScreenShot.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
File destFile = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/ScreenShots/" + DateUtils.getTimeStamp() + ".png");
try {
FileUtils.copyFile(sourceFile, destFile);
// logger.addScreenCaptureFromPath(
// System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/ScreenShots/" + DateUtils.getTimeStamp() + ".png");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
我的测试 class 就是这样 运行 项目的所有文件一个一个
package test;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.DateUtils;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentReports;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.Status;
import base.Base;
import pages.DisplayDetails;
import pages.HomePage;
import pages.LandingPage;
import pages.LoginPage;
import pages.UpcomingBikesPage;
import utils.ExtentReportManager;
public class ProjectTest extends Base{
LandingPage landingpage;
LoginPage loginpage;
HomePage homepage;
UpcomingBikesPage upcomingbikespage;
DisplayDetails displaydetails;
@Test
public void openBrowser() throws Exception {
logger = report.createTest("Zigwheels Website Automation");
Base base = new Base();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Initializing the Browser");
base.invokeBrowser("chrome");//**This is line 32 in test file**
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Opening the Website");
landingpage = base.OpenApplication("websiteURL");
logger.log(Status.INFO, " Login initated Successfully");
loginpage = landingpage.initiatelogin();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Entered Credentials Successfully");
homepage = loginpage.login();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Login Successfull");
upcomingbikespage = homepage.home();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Got Upcoming Honda Bikes Successfully");
displaydetails=upcomingbikespage.hondamanufacturer();
displaydetails.finaly();
//logger.addScreenCaptureFromPath(System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/ScreenShots/" + DateUtils.getTimeStamp() + ".png");
}
}
并且控制台报错如下--
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.14.3
Starting ChromeDriver 80.0.3987.106 (f68069574609230cf9b635cd784cfb1bf81bb53a-refs/branch-heads/3987@{#882}) on port 36324
Only local connections are allowed.
Please protect ports used by ChromeDriver and related test frameworks to prevent access by malicious code.
FAILED: openBrowser
java.lang.NullPointerException
at base.Base.invokeBrowser(Base.java:53)
at test.ProjectTest.openBrowser(ProjectTest.java:32)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:124)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:583)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:719)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:989)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:648)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:505)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:455)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:450)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:415)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:364)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1208)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1137)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1049)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1017)
at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:114)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)
第 53 行是通过隐式等待行的注释显示的
测试中的第 32 行也通过 base.invokeBrowser("chrome") 的注释显示；行。
org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: session not created: This version of ChromeDriver only supports Chrome version 80
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'PRANJAL', ip: '192.168.225.26', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_241'
Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver
remote stacktrace: Backtrace:
Ordinal0 [0x00F80C83+1707139]
Ordinal0 [0x00EE68F1+1075441]
Ordinal0 [0x00E5DFC9+516041]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF0554+66900]
Ordinal0 [0x00DECCE2+52450]
Ordinal0 [0x00E0BFD7+180183]
Ordinal0 [0x00E0BDDD+179677]
Ordinal0 [0x00E09D4B+171339]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF1D4A+73034]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF2DC0+77248]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF2D59+77145]
Ordinal0 [0x00EFBB67+1162087]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0101A966+508998]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0101A6A4+508292]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0102F7B7+594583]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0101B1D6+511158]
Ordinal0 [0x00EF402C+1130540]
Ordinal0 [0x00EFD4CB+1168587]
Ordinal0 [0x00EFD633+1168947]
Ordinal0 [0x00F15B35+1268533]
BaseThreadInitThunk [0x75F9343D+18]
RtlInitializeExceptionChain [0x77209812+99]
RtlInitializeExceptionChain [0x772097E5+54]
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.W3CHandshakeResponse.lambda$errorHandler[=14=](W3CHandshakeResponse.java:62)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HandshakeResponse.lambda$getResponseFunction[=14=](HandshakeResponse.java:30)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.lambda$createSession[=14=](ProtocolHandshake.java:126)
at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.accept(Unknown Source)
我已经构建了你的代码。它工作正常；它运行通过那条线。
我使用了自己的 chromedriver 绝对路径。
可能是您路径中某处的拼写错误。我建议在该 chromedriver 目录中的 terminal/powershell 中使用 pwd。
如果不是，则可能是缺少 selenium 库。您是否已下载 selenium 个库并手动导入它们？
if (browsername.equalsIgnoreCase("Chrome")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
"/Users/user/Documents/qac-cv-management-system/AutomatedTestReact/chromedriver");
driver = new ChromeDriver();//This is line 39 in
}
我正在制作一个 maven 项目，在打开 chrome 浏览器时显示 java.lang.NullPointerException 异常，我无法找到这里缺少的内容以及浏览器无法打开的原因。
我的基地class是这样的
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentReports;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest;
import pages.LandingPage;
import pages.LoginPage;
import utils.ExtentReportManager;
import utils.DateUtils;
public class Base {
public WebDriver driver;
public Properties prop;
public ExtentReports report = ExtentReportManager.getReportInstance();
public ExtentTest logger;
public void invokeBrowser(String browsername) {
try {
if (browsername.equalsIgnoreCase("Chrome")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\driver\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();//This is line 39 in Base
} else if (browsername.equalsIgnoreCase("Firefox")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver",
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\driver\geckodriver.exe");
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
} else {
System.setProperty("webdriver.IEDriverServer.driver",
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\driver\IEDriverServer.exe");
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS);//**This is line 53**
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(180, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
prop = new Properties();
try {
FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(
System.getProperty("user.dir") + "\src\resourc\ObjectRepository\projectConfig.properties");
prop.load(file);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public LandingPage OpenApplication(String websiteURLKey ) {
driver.get(prop.getProperty(websiteURLKey));
return PageFactory.initElements(driver, LandingPage.class);
}
public void closebrowser() {
driver.close();
}
@AfterMethod
public void reportFlush() {
report.flush();
}
/****************** Capture Screen Shot ***********************/
public void takeScreenShotOnFailure() {
TakesScreenshot takeScreenShot = (TakesScreenshot) driver;
File sourceFile = takeScreenShot.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
File destFile = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/ScreenShots/" + DateUtils.getTimeStamp() + ".png");
try {
FileUtils.copyFile(sourceFile, destFile);
// logger.addScreenCaptureFromPath(
// System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/ScreenShots/" + DateUtils.getTimeStamp() + ".png");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
我的测试 class 就是这样 运行 项目的所有文件一个一个
package test;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.DateUtils;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentReports;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.ExtentTest;
import com.aventstack.extentreports.Status;
import base.Base;
import pages.DisplayDetails;
import pages.HomePage;
import pages.LandingPage;
import pages.LoginPage;
import pages.UpcomingBikesPage;
import utils.ExtentReportManager;
public class ProjectTest extends Base{
LandingPage landingpage;
LoginPage loginpage;
HomePage homepage;
UpcomingBikesPage upcomingbikespage;
DisplayDetails displaydetails;
@Test
public void openBrowser() throws Exception {
logger = report.createTest("Zigwheels Website Automation");
Base base = new Base();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Initializing the Browser");
base.invokeBrowser("chrome");//**This is line 32 in test file**
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Opening the Website");
landingpage = base.OpenApplication("websiteURL");
logger.log(Status.INFO, " Login initated Successfully");
loginpage = landingpage.initiatelogin();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Entered Credentials Successfully");
homepage = loginpage.login();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Login Successfull");
upcomingbikespage = homepage.home();
logger.log(Status.INFO, "Got Upcoming Honda Bikes Successfully");
displaydetails=upcomingbikespage.hondamanufacturer();
displaydetails.finaly();
//logger.addScreenCaptureFromPath(System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/ScreenShots/" + DateUtils.getTimeStamp() + ".png");
}
}
并且控制台报错如下--
[RemoteTestNG] detected TestNG version 6.14.3
Starting ChromeDriver 80.0.3987.106 (f68069574609230cf9b635cd784cfb1bf81bb53a-refs/branch-heads/3987@{#882}) on port 36324
Only local connections are allowed.
Please protect ports used by ChromeDriver and related test frameworks to prevent access by malicious code.
FAILED: openBrowser
java.lang.NullPointerException
at base.Base.invokeBrowser(Base.java:53)
at test.ProjectTest.openBrowser(ProjectTest.java:32)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:124)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:583)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:719)
at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:989)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)
at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)
at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:648)
at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:505)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:455)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:450)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:415)
at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:364)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1208)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1137)
at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1049)
at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1017)
at org.testng.remote.AbstractRemoteTestNG.run(AbstractRemoteTestNG.java:114)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:251)
at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:77)
第 53 行是通过隐式等待行的注释显示的 测试中的第 32 行也通过 base.invokeBrowser("chrome") 的注释显示；行。
org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: session not created: This version of ChromeDriver only supports Chrome version 80
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'PRANJAL', ip: '192.168.225.26', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_241'
Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver
remote stacktrace: Backtrace:
Ordinal0 [0x00F80C83+1707139]
Ordinal0 [0x00EE68F1+1075441]
Ordinal0 [0x00E5DFC9+516041]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF0554+66900]
Ordinal0 [0x00DECCE2+52450]
Ordinal0 [0x00E0BFD7+180183]
Ordinal0 [0x00E0BDDD+179677]
Ordinal0 [0x00E09D4B+171339]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF1D4A+73034]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF2DC0+77248]
Ordinal0 [0x00DF2D59+77145]
Ordinal0 [0x00EFBB67+1162087]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0101A966+508998]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0101A6A4+508292]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0102F7B7+594583]
GetHandleVerifier [0x0101B1D6+511158]
Ordinal0 [0x00EF402C+1130540]
Ordinal0 [0x00EFD4CB+1168587]
Ordinal0 [0x00EFD633+1168947]
Ordinal0 [0x00F15B35+1268533]
BaseThreadInitThunk [0x75F9343D+18]
RtlInitializeExceptionChain [0x77209812+99]
RtlInitializeExceptionChain [0x772097E5+54]
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.W3CHandshakeResponse.lambda$errorHandler[=14=](W3CHandshakeResponse.java:62)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HandshakeResponse.lambda$getResponseFunction[=14=](HandshakeResponse.java:30)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.lambda$createSession[=14=](ProtocolHandshake.java:126)
at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.accept(Unknown Source)
我已经构建了你的代码。它工作正常；它运行通过那条线。
我使用了自己的 chromedriver 绝对路径。
可能是您路径中某处的拼写错误。我建议在该 chromedriver 目录中的 terminal/powershell 中使用 pwd。
如果不是，则可能是缺少 selenium 库。您是否已下载 selenium 个库并手动导入它们？
if (browsername.equalsIgnoreCase("Chrome")) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
"/Users/user/Documents/qac-cv-management-system/AutomatedTestReact/chromedriver");
driver = new ChromeDriver();//This is line 39 in
}