如何使用 Laravel 中的 Eloquent 获取用户的 myProjects 任务

How to Get User's myProjects' Tasks with Eloquent in Laravel

我是 Laravel 和 Eloquent 的新手。 在我的应用程序中,我想检索当前用户和其他项目成员的任务并将它们显示在视图中。 这是我建立的数据库关系:

users (id)

projects (id, user_id)

user_project (id, user_id, project_id, 角色)

tasks (id, user_id, project_id)

(我已经在迁移中定义了所需的外键)

为了解释这种关系,每个项目都有一个用户(创建项目的人)。但是在 user_project table 中,也可以将用户分配给其他项目,并在那里定义他们的角色。例如:有两个用户:
id=1
id=2

和三个项目:
id=1, user_id=1
id=2, user_id=2
id=3, user_id=1

user_project关系:
id=1, user_id=1, project_id=1, 角色=admin
id=2, user_id=2, project_id=1, 角色=雇员
id=3, user_id=2, project_id=2, 角色=admin
id=4, user_id=1, project_id=3, 角色=admin

还有四个任务:
id=1, user_id=1, project_id=1
id=2, user_id=2, project_id=1
id=3, user_id=1, project_id=2
id=4, user_id=1, project_id=3

我希望用户 id=2 能够看到 project_id=1 的任务,因为他作为员工被邀请到该项目以及 project_id=2 的任务,因为他创建了那个项目。当然,用户不应该看到 project_id=3 的任务,因为他不是会员。那么,最巧妙的方法是什么?

以下是我定义的模型:

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    public function projects(){
        return $this->hasMany(Project::class);
    }
    public function tasks(){
        return $this->hasMany(Task::class);
    }
    public function joinedProjects()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(ProjectUser::class);
    }
}

class Project extends Model
{
    public function tasks(){
        return $this->hasMany(Task::class);
    }
    public function users(){
        return $this->hasMany(User::class);
    }
}

class ProjectUser extends Model
{
}

class Task extends Model
{
    public function projects(){
        return $this->belongsTo(Project::class);
    }
    public function users(){
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
    }
}

这是我尝试检索项目成员任务的方法(我正在寻找的理想方法是:$tasks = $user->joinedProjects->tasks 但我不知道该怎么做,所以这是我目前正在尝试完成此操作的方法):

class TasksController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $user = Auth()->user();
        //I guess there are better ways to retrieve projects, but:
        $projects = app('App\Http\Controllers\HomeController')->allProjects($user);
        foreach($projects as $project){
            $tasks[] = Task::where('project_id', $project->id);
        }
        return view('tasks.index', compact(['tasks','user']));
        //gives error: Property [id] does not exist on the Eloquent builder instance
        //when I'm trying to get $task->id in a foreach loop.
    }
}

这是家庭控制器(我需要 HomeController 中的 allProjects() 功能来实现其他一些 class 功能):

class HomeController extends Controller
{
    function allProjects($user){
        $projects = $user->projects;
        $otherProjects = \App\ProjectUser::where('user_id',$user->id)->get();
        foreach ($otherProjects as $project){
            $projects[] = \App\Project::find($project->project_id);
        }
        return $projects;
    }
}

首先,我认为您应该将 joinedProjects 设置为 many-to-many relationship,这样访问它会感觉更直接。

// in User model
public function joinedProjects()
{
    // i'm assuming you want to always have access to the role property
    return $this->belongsToMany(Project::class, 'user_project')->withPivot('role');
}

// in Project model
public function memberUsers()
{
    return $this->belongsToMany(User::class, 'user_project')->withPivot('role');
}

有了这个关系,您应该可以调用 $user->joinedProjects 来获取用户已加入的项目列表。

要获取任务,当然可以调用joinedProjects关系,像​​你设置的for循环一样循环遍历生成的项目。或者作为替代方案,您可以使用集合 class' pluck 方法。

class TasksController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        // here I put load to eager load the project and task
        $user = Auth()->user()->load('joinedProjects.tasks');

        // OPTION 1: you can loop to get the tasks
        $tasks = collect();
        foreach($user->joinedProjects as $project){
            $tasks = $tasks->merge($project->tasks);
        }

        // OPTION 2: or use pluck (must be eager loaded to work)
        $tasks = $user->joinedProjects->pluck('tasks');

        // $tasks should be unique here, but if it is not you can call the unique method of collection
        $tasks = $tasks->unique('id');

        return view('tasks.index', compact(['tasks','user']));
    }
}

你分享的HomeController也可以通过新的关系得到简化

class HomeController extends Controller
{
    function allProjects($user){
        // here i'm assuming user automatically joins a project when they create it
        $projects = $user->joinedProjects;

        return $projects;
    }
}

这是对 unique method i use in the code and the lazy eager loading

的一些额外参考