无论计算机屏幕大小如何，如何将棋盘放置在乌龟屏幕的左上角？

Question

我已经编写了如何实际绘制棋盘的代码，但我需要将它放置在乌龟屏幕的左上角，无论某人正在查看什么计算机屏幕（棋盘的左上角是始终位于海龟屏幕的左上角，无论屏幕是 200000 像素还是 2000 像素）。我该怎么做呢？谢谢！

import turtle

def draw_box(t, x, y, size, fill_color):
t.penup()  # no drawing!
t.goto(x, y)  # move the pen to a different position
t.pendown()  # resume drawing

t.fillcolor(fill_color)
t.begin_fill()  # Shape drawn after this will be filled with this color!

for i in range(a, b):
    board.forward(size)  # move forward
    board.right(90)  # turn pen right 90 degrees

t.end_fill()  # Go ahead and fill the rectangle!


def draw_chess_board():
square_color = "black"  # first chess board square is black
start_x = 1  # starting x position of the chess board
start_y = 1  # starting y position of the chess board
box_size = 50  # pixel size of each square in the chess board
for i in range(0, 8):  # 8x8 chess board
    for j in range(0, 8):
        draw_box(board, start_x + j * box_size, start_y + i * box_size, box_size, square_color)
        square_color = 'black' if square_color == 'white' else 'white'  # toggle after a column
    square_color = 'black' if square_color == 'white' else 'white'  # toggle after a row!


board = turtle.Turtle()
draw_chess_board()
turtle.done()

Answer 1

我将展示执行此操作的几种方法。首先，我将提供 draw_board() 的工作版本，因为发布的版本已损坏。我将包括我首选的导入 turtle 的方式：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

def draw_box(t, x, y, size, fill_color):
    t.penup()  # no drawing!
    t.goto(x, y)  # move the pen to a different position
    t.pendown()  # resume drawing

    t.fillcolor(fill_color)
    t.begin_fill()  # Shape drawn after this will be filled with this color!

    for _ in range(4):
        t.forward(size)  # move forward
        t.right(90)  # turn pen right 90 degrees

    t.end_fill()  # Go ahead and fill the rectangle!

我们将对这两种解决方案使用方法 window_width() 和 window_height()，并从上到下而不是从下到上绘制板。第一种解决方案只是简单地移动起点，使用上述方法，并沿相反的Y方向移动：

def draw_chess_board():
    square_color = 'black'  # first chess board square is black
    box_size = 50  # pixel size of each square in the chess board
    start_x = -width/2  # starting x position of the chess board
    start_y = height/2  # starting y position of the chess board

    for i in range(8):  # 8x8 chess board
        for j in range(8):
            draw_box(board, start_x + j * box_size, start_y - i * box_size, box_size, square_color)
            square_color = 'black' if square_color == 'white' else 'white'  # toggle after a column

        square_color = 'black' if square_color == 'white' else 'white'  # toggle after a row!

screen = Screen()
width, height = screen.window_width(), screen.window_height()

board = Turtle()
board.speed('fastest')  # because I have no patience

draw_chess_board()

board.hideturtle()
screen.mainloop()

第二种方法单独保留 X 起点和 Y 方向代码，而是操纵坐标系以获得相同的结果：

def draw_chess_board():
    square_color = 'black'  # first chess board square is black
    box_size = 50  # pixel size of each square in the chess board
    start_x = 1  # starting x position of the chess board
    start_y = box_size  # starting y position of the chess board

    for i in range(8):  # 8x8 chess board
        for j in range(8):
            draw_box(board, start_x + j * box_size, start_y + i * box_size, box_size, square_color)
            square_color = 'black' if square_color == 'white' else 'white'  # toggle after a column

        square_color = 'black' if square_color == 'white' else 'white'  # toggle after a row!

screen = Screen()
width, height = screen.window_width(), screen.window_height()
screen.setworldcoordinates(0, height, width, 0)

board = Turtle()
board.speed('fastest')  # because I have no patience

draw_chess_board()

board.hideturtle()
screen.mainloop()

这种对坐标系的操作会影响您在程序中所做的一切，因此请确保在添加更多代码之前了解它。

最后，如果我从头开始（或者 stamping 优于 drawing 的优点），我可能会如何编写这个程序：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

BOX_SIZE = 50  # pixel size of each square in the chess board
CURSOR_SIZE = 20
COLOR_MAP = {'red': 'black', 'black': 'red'}  # try red just for fun

def draw_chess_board():
    square.color('black') # first chess board square is black
    start = BOX_SIZE/2  # starting x and/or y position of the chess board

    for row in range(8):  # 8x8 chess board
        square.goto(start, start + row * BOX_SIZE)

        for _ in range(8):
            square.stamp()
            square.color(COLOR_MAP[square.fillcolor()])  # toggle after a column
            square.forward(BOX_SIZE)

        square.color(COLOR_MAP[square.fillcolor()])  # toggle after a row!

screen = Screen()
screen.setworldcoordinates(0, screen.window_height(), screen.window_width(), 0)

square = Turtle()
square.hideturtle()
square.penup()  # no drawing!
square.shape('square')
square.speed('fastest')  # because I have no patience
square.shapesize(BOX_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)

draw_chess_board()

screen.mainloop()

无论计算机屏幕大小如何，如何将棋盘放置在乌龟屏幕的左上角？

How to place checker board in the top left corner of a turtle screen regardless of computer screen size?

python

turtle-graphics