如何使用视图模型、存储库和实时数据访问房间数据库

Question

我是 android 开发的新手。在我的应用程序中，我需要在数据库中有一个用户 table。我已经使用房间创建了数据库。现在，如果我允许运行主线程中的数据库，我的应用运行就可以了。但是，我不想在主线程中运行它。因此，我创建了存储库和视图模型 classes 并使用视图模型在主线程中调用数据库。不过，如果我不在数据库构建语句中放入 allowMainThreadQueries()，则会弹出 java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot access database on the main thread since it may potentially lock the UI for a long period of time. 错误。我检查了以下问题：，还是不要在我的代码中发现错误。我的代码有什么问题？

我的数据库class:

@Database(entities = {User.class,Order.class,Items.class}, version = 1)
public abstract class MyDatabase extends RoomDatabase {
    public abstract UserDao userDao();
    public abstract OrderDao orderDao();
    public abstract ItemsDao itemsDao();

    private static volatile MyDatabase INSTANCE;

    public static MyDatabase getDatabase(final Context context) {
        if (INSTANCE == null) {
            synchronized (MyDatabase.class) {
                if (INSTANCE == null) {
                    INSTANCE = Room.databaseBuilder(context.getApplicationContext(),
                            MyDatabase.class, "new_database")
                            .addCallback(sRoomDatabaseCallback).build();
                }
            }
        }
        return INSTANCE;
    }

    private static RoomDatabase.Callback sRoomDatabaseCallback = new RoomDatabase.Callback() {
        @Override
        public void onOpen(@NonNull SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
            super.onOpen(db);
        }
    };
}

我的仓库class:

public class UserRepository {

    private UserDao mUserDao;
    private LiveData<List<User>> mAllUsers;

    public UserRepository(Application application){
        AatchalaDatabase db = AatchalaDatabase.getDatabase(application);
        mUserDao = db.userDao();
    }

    LiveData<List<User>> getAllUsers() {
        return mAllUsers;
    }

    public void insert(User newDBUser){
        mUserDao.addUser(newDBUser);
    }

}

我的视图模型：

public class UserViewModel extends AndroidViewModel {

    private UserRepository mRepository;
    
    private LiveData<List<User>> mAllUsers;

    public UserViewModel(Application application) {
        super(application);
        mRepository = new UserRepository(application);
        mAllUsers = mRepository.getAllUsers();
    }

    LiveData<List<User>> getAllUsers() {
        return mAllUsers;
    }

    void insert(User user) {
        mRepository.insert(user);
    }
}

我的部分片段：

public class RegisterFragment extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener {

    private UserViewModel nUserViewModel;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_register, container, false);
        Button submitRegister = (Button) rootView.findViewById(R.id.registerSubmit);
        submitRegister.setOnClickListener(this);
        EditText et = (EditText) rootView.findViewById(R.id.registerDOB);
        DatePickerUniversal dob = new DatePickerUniversal(et, "dd-MM-yyyy");
        nUserViewModel = new ViewModelProvider(this).get(UserViewModel.class);
        return rootView;
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {
        if (view.getId() == R.id.registerSubmit) {
            if (readInput(R.id.registerName).matches("") || readInput(R.id.registerAddress).matches("")
                    || readInput(R.id.registerPhone).matches("") || readInput(R.id.registerDOB).matches("")
                    || readInput(R.id.registerPassword).matches(""))
                showErrorStatus("Please fill all required fields");
            else if (!readInput(R.id.registerPassword).equals(readInput(R.id.registerReTypePassword)))
                showErrorStatus("Password doesn't match");
            else if (!invalidUser(readInput(R.id.registerPhone)))
                showErrorStatus("Sorry this mobile number is already registered");
            else {
      
                User newDBUser=new User(readInput(R.id.registerPhone), readInput(R.id.registerName),
                        readInput(R.id.registerDOB), readInput(R.id.registerAddress),
                        readInput(R.id.registerEmail), readInput(R.id.registerPassword));
                Log.d("userdb",newDBUser.toString());
                

                nUserViewModel.insert(newDBUser);
                Toast.makeText(getActivity().getApplicationContext(), "Registration successful", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStackImmediate();
            }
        }
    }

我还创建了必要的 dao 和实体文件。

Answer 1

The documentation 解释说：

Room doesn't support database access on the main thread unless you've called allowMainThreadQueries() on the builder because it might lock the UI for a long period of time.

这也适用于插入、更新和删除操作，而不仅仅是查询。

您正在主线程上执行插入：

nUserViewModel.insert(newDBUser);

需要将其移至后台线程。

Answer 2

在数据库 class 中添加以下内容：

    private static final int NUMBER_OF_THREADS = 4;
    static final ExecutorService databaseWriteExecutor =
            Executors.newFixedThreadPool(NUMBER_OF_THREADS);

在存储库 class 中进行以下更改

    AatchalaDatabase db = AatchalaDatabase.getDatabase(application);


    AatchalaDatabase db = AatchalaDatabase.getinstance(application);

在函数中添加以下内容

 `LiveData<List<User>> getAllUsers() {
     AatchalaDatabase.databaseWriteExecutor.execute(() -> {
                mAllUsers = mUserDao.getAllUsers();       
        }
    return mAllUsers;
    }`

如何使用视图模型、存储库和实时数据访问房间数据库

How to access room db using viewmodel, repository, and livedata

java

android

android-room

android-livedata

android-viewmodel