从 pythonscript 导入变量 --> 解决引起的 TypeError
Import variable from pythonscript --> solve caused TypeError
我一直在尝试使用 gtts 构建一个 speech-recognition 应用程序。我现在想做的是使用来自另一个 python 脚本的变量，这样我就可以更新 tk 标签。我试图将我的代码放在 class 的结构中以访问变量。我添加了一个较小的程序来展示我的问题。
（这些程序同时要运行）
我是 Python 的初学者，所以我希望你们能教我如何做得更好。 :)
提前致谢！！
错误：
S = SuperAssistant()
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'audio'
展示我的问题的基本示例：
from try_access_var import myfunction
print(myfunction.audio)
然后在我的另一个名为 try_access_var 的 pyscript 中：
def myfunction():
audio = 1
（我想在其中实施我可能得到的解决方案的程序）
`from gtts import gTTS
import speech_recognition as sr
from playsound import playsound
import os
import re
import webbrowser
from tkinter import *
import smtplib
import requests
import sys
import subprocess
from subprocess import Popen
import time
import datetime as dt
from datetime import timedelta
import keyboard
import mouse
import pyaudio
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, Text
import csv
注意“Class超级助手”属于代码
class超级助手：
def __init__(self):
self.audio = audio
def talkToMe(self):
"speaks audio passed as argument"
#SuperAssistant.audio = audio
print(self.audio)
tts = gTTS(text=audio, lang='en')
tts.save("good.mp3")
#os.system("cd C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHAR//desktopAssistant-master")
#os.system("python -i C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHAR//desktopAssistant-master//tkinter_samentha_tricks.py")
#os.system("python -i tkinter_samentha_tricks.py")
#force it to have no console
DETACHED_PROCESS = 0x00000008
subprocess.Popen("python -i tkinter_samentha_tricks.py") #creationflags=DETACHED_PROCESS)
while playsound("good.mp3"):
pass
os.remove("good.mp3")
#print(audio)
#for line in audio.splitlines():
# os.system("say " + audio)
#use the system's inbuilt say command instead of mpg123
#text_to_speech = gTTS(text=audio, lang='en')
#text_to_speech.save('audio.mp3')
#os.system('mpg123 audio.mp3')
def myCommand(self, x):
"listens for commands"
r = sr.Recognizer()
#mic_version= open("C:/Users/johan/OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen/DATA_SHARE/desktopAssistant-master/choose_mic_text.txt", "r")
#mic_integer=mic_version
#mic = sr.Microphone(device_index=mic_integer)
with sr.Microphone() as source:
print('Ready...')
r.pause_threshold = 1
r.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source, duration=1)
audio = r.listen(source)
if x == 1:
try:
command = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command = SuperAssistant.myCommand(1);
return command
if x == 2:
try:
command02 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command02 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command02 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(2);
return command02
if x == 3:
try:
command03 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command03 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command03 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(3);
return command03
if x == 4:
try:
command04 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command04 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command04 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(4);
return command04
if x == 5:
try:
command05 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command05 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command05 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(5);
return command05
if x == 6:
try:
command06 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command06 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command06 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(6);
return command06
def time_greeting():
if 12 > dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Good morning sir.')
elif 12 == dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('It is high noon, hope you are ready for your duel!')
elif (12 < dt.datetime.now().hour) and (18 > dt.datetime.now().hour):
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Good afternoon sir.')
elif 18 < dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Good evening sir.')
def time_bye():
if 12 > dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you a nice morning sir.')
elif 12 == dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you a good lunce sir.!')
elif (12 < dt.datetime.now().hour) and (18 > dt.datetime.now().hour):
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you a good afternoon sir.')
elif 18 < dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you good evening sir.')
def welcome():
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('My systems are booting up. Systems successfully booted!')
SuperAssistant.time_greeting()
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('How should I call you? Please tell me your name.')
global name
name = SuperAssistant.myCommand(1)
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Nice to meet you ' + name +'.')
file=open("C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHARE//desktopAssistant-master//userprofiles.txt", "r")
with open("C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHARE//desktopAssistant-master//userprofiles.txt", "r") as profiles:
for line in profiles:
if name in line:
pass
for profiles in file.readlines():
print(profiles)
if name in profiles:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('welcome back.')
file.close()
else:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Should I create a new profile?')
profilcreation=myCommand(2)
if 'yes' in profilcreation:
#questions to ask to create new profil
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('I am going to ask you some questions...')
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('What is your favorite color?')
question01_profilcreation=myCommand(3)
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('What is your favorid food?')
question02_profilcreation=myCommand(3)
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('When were you born?')
question03_profilcreation=myCommand(3)
file=open("C:/Users/johan/OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen/DATA_SHARE/desktopAssistant-master/userprofiles.txt", "a")
file.write('\n'+'['+'"'+name+'"'+','+'"'+question01_profilcreation+'"'+','+'"'+question02_profilcreation+'"'+','+'"'+question03_profilcreation+'"'+']')
elif 'no' in profilcreation:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('profilcreation denied')
file.close()
return name
def load(element):
with open("C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHARE//desktopAssistant-master//userprofiles.txt", "r") as profiles:
for line in profiles:
if name in line:
hole_item=line
#hole_item.append(line)
#profil_item=hole_item[element]
profil=hole_item.split(",")
print(profil)
profiles.close()
return profil[element]
all_the_lines = profiles.readlines()
items = []
for i in all_the_lines:
items.append(i)
print(items)
def assistant(command):
"if statements for executing commands"
global name
global check
if 'samantha' in command:
if (check == 0):
check = 1
SuperAssistant.welcome()
else:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe("What can I do for you")
command02 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(2)
if 'open reddit' in command02:
reg_ex = re.search('open reddit (.*)', command02)
url = 'https://www.reddit.com/'
if reg_ex:
subreddit = reg_ex.group(1)
url = url + 'r/' + subreddit
webbrowser.open(url)
print('Done!')
elif 'open youtube' in command02:
reg_ex = re.search('open website (.+)', command02)
print(command02)
song_title=command02[12:]
print(song_title)
url='https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query='+song_title
webbrowser.open(url)
talkToMe('Done!')
command03 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(3)
if 'play' in command03:
keyboard.press_and_release('tab','tab')
keyboard.press_and_release('enter')
command04 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(4)
if 'stop' in command04:
keyboard.press_and_release('space')
command04 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(4)
elif 'continue' in command04:
keyboard.press_and_release('space')
command04 = myCommand(4)
elif 'exit' in command03:
talkToMe('exit')
command = SuperAssistant.myCommand(1)
elif 'help' in command02:
talkToMe('I\'ve got some information for you.')`
这是我在 function/class:
末尾的代码
if __name__ == "__main__":
S = SuperAssistant()
S.talkToMe('I am ready for your command')
#loop to continue executing multiple commands
while True:
SuperAssistant.assistant(SuperAssistant.myCommand(1))
我用 subprocess.Popen(....)
打开的小程序的代码 (show tk window)
#importing the class/function
from desktopAssistant_wakeup import SuperAssistant
from tkinter import *
#printing out imported variable (if classes are used: object)
print(#way to print audio)
SuperAssistent 没有名为 audio 的 class 属性。为此，您必须将其设置在 class 中的某处。例如，您可以在 talkToMe.
中执行类似 SuperAssistent.audio = audio 的操作
你是故意只使用class方法而不实例化SuperAudio吗？如果不是这种情况，您应该添加一个构造函数并添加 self 作为所有不是 class 方法的方法的第一个参数。
如果是这样的话，我建议通过 Python classes/objects 的介绍，例如 this one on w3schools。
更新：
这是设置和访问 class 和实例属性的示例，其中包含用于脚本和 class 定义的拆分文件：
example.py:
class Foo():
class_attribute = 'class attribute: initial value'
def __init__(self):
self.instance_attribute = \
'instance attribute ({:X}): initial value'.format(id(self))
def do_something(self = None):
Foo.class_attribute = 'class_attribute: modified value'
if self is not None:
self.instance_attribute = \
'instance attribute ({:X}): modified value'.format(id(self))
script.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from example import Foo
a = Foo()
b = Foo()
print(Foo.class_attribute)
print(a.instance_attribute)
print(b.instance_attribute)
print('\nChanging attributes..\n')
Foo.do_something()
a.do_something()
b.do_something()
print(Foo.class_attribute)
print(a.instance_attribute)
print(b.instance_attribute)
执行 script.py 给出以下输出（请注意 ID 在机器和执行之间发生变化：
class attribute: initial value
instance attribute (7F640ACF56A0): initial value
instance attribute (7F640AC2AB50): initial value
Changing attributes..
class_attribute: modified value
instance attribute (7F640ACF56A0): modified value
instance attribute (7F640AC2AB50): modified value
我一直在尝试使用 gtts 构建一个 speech-recognition 应用程序。我现在想做的是使用来自另一个 python 脚本的变量，这样我就可以更新 tk 标签。我试图将我的代码放在 class 的结构中以访问变量。我添加了一个较小的程序来展示我的问题。
（这些程序同时要运行）
我是 Python 的初学者，所以我希望你们能教我如何做得更好。 :)
提前致谢！！
错误：
S = SuperAssistant()
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'audio'
展示我的问题的基本示例：
from try_access_var import myfunction
print(myfunction.audio)
然后在我的另一个名为 try_access_var 的 pyscript 中：
def myfunction():
audio = 1
（我想在其中实施我可能得到的解决方案的程序）
`from gtts import gTTS
import speech_recognition as sr
from playsound import playsound
import os
import re
import webbrowser
from tkinter import *
import smtplib
import requests
import sys
import subprocess
from subprocess import Popen
import time
import datetime as dt
from datetime import timedelta
import keyboard
import mouse
import pyaudio
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, Text
import csv
注意“Class超级助手”属于代码
class超级助手：
def __init__(self):
self.audio = audio
def talkToMe(self):
"speaks audio passed as argument"
#SuperAssistant.audio = audio
print(self.audio)
tts = gTTS(text=audio, lang='en')
tts.save("good.mp3")
#os.system("cd C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHAR//desktopAssistant-master")
#os.system("python -i C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHAR//desktopAssistant-master//tkinter_samentha_tricks.py")
#os.system("python -i tkinter_samentha_tricks.py")
#force it to have no console
DETACHED_PROCESS = 0x00000008
subprocess.Popen("python -i tkinter_samentha_tricks.py") #creationflags=DETACHED_PROCESS)
while playsound("good.mp3"):
pass
os.remove("good.mp3")
#print(audio)
#for line in audio.splitlines():
# os.system("say " + audio)
#use the system's inbuilt say command instead of mpg123
#text_to_speech = gTTS(text=audio, lang='en')
#text_to_speech.save('audio.mp3')
#os.system('mpg123 audio.mp3')
def myCommand(self, x):
"listens for commands"
r = sr.Recognizer()
#mic_version= open("C:/Users/johan/OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen/DATA_SHARE/desktopAssistant-master/choose_mic_text.txt", "r")
#mic_integer=mic_version
#mic = sr.Microphone(device_index=mic_integer)
with sr.Microphone() as source:
print('Ready...')
r.pause_threshold = 1
r.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source, duration=1)
audio = r.listen(source)
if x == 1:
try:
command = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command = SuperAssistant.myCommand(1);
return command
if x == 2:
try:
command02 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command02 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command02 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(2);
return command02
if x == 3:
try:
command03 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command03 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command03 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(3);
return command03
if x == 4:
try:
command04 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command04 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command04 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(4);
return command04
if x == 5:
try:
command05 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command05 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command05 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(5);
return command05
if x == 6:
try:
command06 = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
#talkToMe('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#add silent mode. for now: print only
print('You said: ' + command06 + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command06 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(6);
return command06
def time_greeting():
if 12 > dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Good morning sir.')
elif 12 == dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('It is high noon, hope you are ready for your duel!')
elif (12 < dt.datetime.now().hour) and (18 > dt.datetime.now().hour):
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Good afternoon sir.')
elif 18 < dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Good evening sir.')
def time_bye():
if 12 > dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you a nice morning sir.')
elif 12 == dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you a good lunce sir.!')
elif (12 < dt.datetime.now().hour) and (18 > dt.datetime.now().hour):
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you a good afternoon sir.')
elif 18 < dt.datetime.now().hour:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('wish you good evening sir.')
def welcome():
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('My systems are booting up. Systems successfully booted!')
SuperAssistant.time_greeting()
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('How should I call you? Please tell me your name.')
global name
name = SuperAssistant.myCommand(1)
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Nice to meet you ' + name +'.')
file=open("C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHARE//desktopAssistant-master//userprofiles.txt", "r")
with open("C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHARE//desktopAssistant-master//userprofiles.txt", "r") as profiles:
for line in profiles:
if name in line:
pass
for profiles in file.readlines():
print(profiles)
if name in profiles:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('welcome back.')
file.close()
else:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('Should I create a new profile?')
profilcreation=myCommand(2)
if 'yes' in profilcreation:
#questions to ask to create new profil
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('I am going to ask you some questions...')
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('What is your favorite color?')
question01_profilcreation=myCommand(3)
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('What is your favorid food?')
question02_profilcreation=myCommand(3)
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('When were you born?')
question03_profilcreation=myCommand(3)
file=open("C:/Users/johan/OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen/DATA_SHARE/desktopAssistant-master/userprofiles.txt", "a")
file.write('\n'+'['+'"'+name+'"'+','+'"'+question01_profilcreation+'"'+','+'"'+question02_profilcreation+'"'+','+'"'+question03_profilcreation+'"'+']')
elif 'no' in profilcreation:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe('profilcreation denied')
file.close()
return name
def load(element):
with open("C://Users//johan//OneDrive - Departement Bildung, Kultur und Sport Kanton Aargau-7988362-Kantonsschule Zofingen//DATA_SHARE//desktopAssistant-master//userprofiles.txt", "r") as profiles:
for line in profiles:
if name in line:
hole_item=line
#hole_item.append(line)
#profil_item=hole_item[element]
profil=hole_item.split(",")
print(profil)
profiles.close()
return profil[element]
all_the_lines = profiles.readlines()
items = []
for i in all_the_lines:
items.append(i)
print(items)
def assistant(command):
"if statements for executing commands"
global name
global check
if 'samantha' in command:
if (check == 0):
check = 1
SuperAssistant.welcome()
else:
SuperAssistant.talkToMe("What can I do for you")
command02 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(2)
if 'open reddit' in command02:
reg_ex = re.search('open reddit (.*)', command02)
url = 'https://www.reddit.com/'
if reg_ex:
subreddit = reg_ex.group(1)
url = url + 'r/' + subreddit
webbrowser.open(url)
print('Done!')
elif 'open youtube' in command02:
reg_ex = re.search('open website (.+)', command02)
print(command02)
song_title=command02[12:]
print(song_title)
url='https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query='+song_title
webbrowser.open(url)
talkToMe('Done!')
command03 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(3)
if 'play' in command03:
keyboard.press_and_release('tab','tab')
keyboard.press_and_release('enter')
command04 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(4)
if 'stop' in command04:
keyboard.press_and_release('space')
command04 = SuperAssistant.myCommand(4)
elif 'continue' in command04:
keyboard.press_and_release('space')
command04 = myCommand(4)
elif 'exit' in command03:
talkToMe('exit')
command = SuperAssistant.myCommand(1)
elif 'help' in command02:
talkToMe('I\'ve got some information for you.')`
这是我在 function/class:
末尾的代码if __name__ == "__main__":
S = SuperAssistant()
S.talkToMe('I am ready for your command')
#loop to continue executing multiple commands
while True:
SuperAssistant.assistant(SuperAssistant.myCommand(1))
我用 subprocess.Popen(....)
打开的小程序的代码 (show tk window)#importing the class/function
from desktopAssistant_wakeup import SuperAssistant
from tkinter import *
#printing out imported variable (if classes are used: object)
print(#way to print audio)
SuperAssistent 没有名为 audio 的 class 属性。为此，您必须将其设置在 class 中的某处。例如，您可以在 talkToMe.
SuperAssistent.audio = audio 的操作
你是故意只使用class方法而不实例化SuperAudio吗？如果不是这种情况，您应该添加一个构造函数并添加 self 作为所有不是 class 方法的方法的第一个参数。
如果是这样的话，我建议通过 Python classes/objects 的介绍，例如 this one on w3schools。
更新：
这是设置和访问 class 和实例属性的示例，其中包含用于脚本和 class 定义的拆分文件：
example.py:
class Foo():
class_attribute = 'class attribute: initial value'
def __init__(self):
self.instance_attribute = \
'instance attribute ({:X}): initial value'.format(id(self))
def do_something(self = None):
Foo.class_attribute = 'class_attribute: modified value'
if self is not None:
self.instance_attribute = \
'instance attribute ({:X}): modified value'.format(id(self))
script.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from example import Foo
a = Foo()
b = Foo()
print(Foo.class_attribute)
print(a.instance_attribute)
print(b.instance_attribute)
print('\nChanging attributes..\n')
Foo.do_something()
a.do_something()
b.do_something()
print(Foo.class_attribute)
print(a.instance_attribute)
print(b.instance_attribute)
执行 script.py 给出以下输出（请注意 ID 在机器和执行之间发生变化：
class attribute: initial value
instance attribute (7F640ACF56A0): initial value
instance attribute (7F640AC2AB50): initial value
Changing attributes..
class_attribute: modified value
instance attribute (7F640ACF56A0): modified value
instance attribute (7F640AC2AB50): modified value