指定 Rust 闭包生命周期
Specify Rust closures lifetime
我在制作 executor/reactor 的同时发现这是一个终生难题。它与 async/Future 无关,可以在不使用异步糖的情况下进行复制。
use std::future::Future;
struct Runtime;
fn start_with_runtime<C, F>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> F,
F: Future
{
let rt = Runtime;
let _future = closure(&rt);
// block_on(future);
}
async fn async_main(_rt: &Runtime) {
// I can use _rt to do async stuff here
}
fn main() {
start_with_runtime(|rt| { async_main(rt) });
}
我希望 start_with_runtime()
到 运行 未来并提供异步运行时参考作为参数。
不编译:
error: lifetime may not live long enough
--> src/main.rs:17:31
|
17 | start_with_runtime(|rt| { async_main(rt) });
| --- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ returning this value requires that `'1` must outlive `'2`
| | |
| | return type of closure is impl std::future::Future
| has type `&'1 Runtime`
我认为这个问题似乎是因为 rust 如何推断闭包的生命周期:
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/58052 :
fn main() {
let f = |x: &i32| x;
let i = &3;
let j = f(i);
}
也不编译:
error: lifetime may not live long enough
--> src/main.rs:2:23
|
2 | let f = |x: &i32| x;
| - - ^ returning this value requires that `'1` must outlive `'2`
| | |
| | return type of closure is &'2 i32
| let's call the lifetime of this reference `'1`
看起来我的闭包签名被推断为 |&'a Runtime| -> impl Future + 'b
,因此是生命周期错误。我觉得给出正确的预期关闭签名会有所帮助,但我如何在 start_with_runtime
?
中提供正确的签名
fn start_with_runtime<C>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> (impl Future + 'a),
无效,因为此处不允许 impl Trait
。
fn start_with_runtime<C,F>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> F,
F: Future + 'a
效果不佳,因为 'a
在 HRTB 表达式之外是未知的。
如果我知道类型就可以工作:
struct MyType<'a> {
_rt: &'a Runtime
}
fn start_with_runtime<C>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> MyType<'a>,
当你思考了所有生世,但语言无法提供表达这一点的方式时,这有点令人难过。也许 Rust 中有一个技巧可以使这项工作正常进行?
抱歉,这是语言的限制。您只能在具体类型上指定生命周期。一种解决方法是使用特征对象类型。
fn start_with_runtime<C, F, T>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Item = T> + Send + 'a>>,
{
let rt = Runtime;
let _future = closure(&rt);
// block_on(future);
}
这个问题似乎有两个不同的问题:所需的关系可以用 Rust 语法表达吗?它是否适用于闭包类型推断。
让我们从第一个开始。你是对的,这不能仅用 where
子句来表达。要表达这个需要添加一个辅助特征
trait BorrowingFn<'a> {
type Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Something> + 'a;
fn call(self, arg: &'a Runtime) -> Self::Fut;
}
那允许我们需要写成
C: for<'a> BorrowingFn<'a>,
并为所有适用的功能提供此特征的全面实施
impl<'a, Fu: 'a, F> BorrowingFn<'a> for F
where
F: FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> Fu,
Fu: std::future::Future<Output = ()> + 'a,
{
type Fut = Fu;
fn call(self, rt: &'a Runtime) -> Fu {
self(rt)
}
}
好的,所以它适用于异步函数,但它适用于需要类型推断的闭包吗?不幸的是,答案是否定的
error: implementation of `BorrowingFn` is not general enough
--> src/main.rs:33:5
|
5 | / trait BorrowingFn<'a> {
6 | | type Fut: std::future::Future<Output = ()> + 'a;
7 | | fn call(self, arg: &'a Runtime) -> Self::Fut;
8 | | }
| |_- trait `BorrowingFn` defined here
...
33 | start_with_runtime(|rt| async_main(rt)); // however, it does not work with closure type inference :-(
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ implementation of `BorrowingFn` is not general enough
|
= note: `[closure@src/main.rs:33:24: 33:43]` must implement `BorrowingFn<'0>`, for any lifetime `'0`...
= note: ...but `[closure@src/main.rs:33:24: 33:43]` actually implements `BorrowingFn<'1>`, for some specific lifetime `'1`
rust-lang/rust#70263 正在对此进行跟踪。编译器还不够聪明,无法注意到这个闭包需要 higher-rank 类型。
为了好玩,我尝试在 Nightly 上使用 -Z chalk
进行编译,但它还没有为此做好准备(内部编译器错误)。
我在制作 executor/reactor 的同时发现这是一个终生难题。它与 async/Future 无关,可以在不使用异步糖的情况下进行复制。
use std::future::Future;
struct Runtime;
fn start_with_runtime<C, F>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> F,
F: Future
{
let rt = Runtime;
let _future = closure(&rt);
// block_on(future);
}
async fn async_main(_rt: &Runtime) {
// I can use _rt to do async stuff here
}
fn main() {
start_with_runtime(|rt| { async_main(rt) });
}
我希望 start_with_runtime()
到 运行 未来并提供异步运行时参考作为参数。
不编译:
error: lifetime may not live long enough
--> src/main.rs:17:31
|
17 | start_with_runtime(|rt| { async_main(rt) });
| --- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ returning this value requires that `'1` must outlive `'2`
| | |
| | return type of closure is impl std::future::Future
| has type `&'1 Runtime`
我认为这个问题似乎是因为 rust 如何推断闭包的生命周期:
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/58052 :
fn main() {
let f = |x: &i32| x;
let i = &3;
let j = f(i);
}
也不编译:
error: lifetime may not live long enough
--> src/main.rs:2:23
|
2 | let f = |x: &i32| x;
| - - ^ returning this value requires that `'1` must outlive `'2`
| | |
| | return type of closure is &'2 i32
| let's call the lifetime of this reference `'1`
看起来我的闭包签名被推断为 |&'a Runtime| -> impl Future + 'b
,因此是生命周期错误。我觉得给出正确的预期关闭签名会有所帮助,但我如何在 start_with_runtime
?
fn start_with_runtime<C>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> (impl Future + 'a),
无效,因为此处不允许 impl Trait
。
fn start_with_runtime<C,F>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> F,
F: Future + 'a
效果不佳,因为 'a
在 HRTB 表达式之外是未知的。
如果我知道类型就可以工作:
struct MyType<'a> {
_rt: &'a Runtime
}
fn start_with_runtime<C>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> MyType<'a>,
当你思考了所有生世,但语言无法提供表达这一点的方式时,这有点令人难过。也许 Rust 中有一个技巧可以使这项工作正常进行?
抱歉,这是语言的限制。您只能在具体类型上指定生命周期。一种解决方法是使用特征对象类型。
fn start_with_runtime<C, F, T>(closure: C)
where
C: for<'a> FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> Pin<Box<dyn Future<Item = T> + Send + 'a>>,
{
let rt = Runtime;
let _future = closure(&rt);
// block_on(future);
}
这个问题似乎有两个不同的问题:所需的关系可以用 Rust 语法表达吗?它是否适用于闭包类型推断。
让我们从第一个开始。你是对的,这不能仅用 where
子句来表达。要表达这个需要添加一个辅助特征
trait BorrowingFn<'a> {
type Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Something> + 'a;
fn call(self, arg: &'a Runtime) -> Self::Fut;
}
那允许我们需要写成
C: for<'a> BorrowingFn<'a>,
并为所有适用的功能提供此特征的全面实施
impl<'a, Fu: 'a, F> BorrowingFn<'a> for F
where
F: FnOnce(&'a Runtime) -> Fu,
Fu: std::future::Future<Output = ()> + 'a,
{
type Fut = Fu;
fn call(self, rt: &'a Runtime) -> Fu {
self(rt)
}
}
好的,所以它适用于异步函数,但它适用于需要类型推断的闭包吗?不幸的是,答案是否定的
error: implementation of `BorrowingFn` is not general enough
--> src/main.rs:33:5
|
5 | / trait BorrowingFn<'a> {
6 | | type Fut: std::future::Future<Output = ()> + 'a;
7 | | fn call(self, arg: &'a Runtime) -> Self::Fut;
8 | | }
| |_- trait `BorrowingFn` defined here
...
33 | start_with_runtime(|rt| async_main(rt)); // however, it does not work with closure type inference :-(
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ implementation of `BorrowingFn` is not general enough
|
= note: `[closure@src/main.rs:33:24: 33:43]` must implement `BorrowingFn<'0>`, for any lifetime `'0`...
= note: ...but `[closure@src/main.rs:33:24: 33:43]` actually implements `BorrowingFn<'1>`, for some specific lifetime `'1`
rust-lang/rust#70263 正在对此进行跟踪。编译器还不够聪明,无法注意到这个闭包需要 higher-rank 类型。
为了好玩,我尝试在 Nightly 上使用 -Z chalk
进行编译,但它还没有为此做好准备(内部编译器错误)。