在 C# 中延迟任务 - 释放数据库上下文
Delaying a task in C# - db context disposed
我有一种情况需要在特定时间执行某些代码(在我的 ASP .NET Core 项目中)。
我知道延迟任务不是一个很好的解决方案,但这是我所拥有的,我想知道如何让它发挥作用:
async Task MyMethod()
{
// do something
// Create a new thread that waits for the appropriate time
TimeSpan time = dbAppointment.ScheduledOn - TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5.0) - DateTime.UtcNow;
_ = Task.Delay(time).ContinueWith(async x => await
notificationManager.CreateReminder());
// continue doing something
}
当我尝试 运行 代码时,它在正确的时间进入了应该执行的方法:
public async Task CreateReminder() {}
但是当它尝试使用我的 dbContext
时失败,我使用 DI 将其注入到 NotificationManager
构造函数中,说明它已被处置。
这是依赖项的“流程”:
public class MyClass
{
private readonly MyContext dbContext;
private readonly INotificationManager notificationManager;
public MyClass(MyContext context, INotificationManager nm)
{
dbContext = context;
notificationManager = nm;
}
public async Task MyMethod() // the method shown in the snippet above
{
// method does something using the dbContext
_ = Task.Delay(time).ContinueWith(async x => await
notificationManager.CreateReminder());
}
}
public class NotificationManager: INotificationManager
{
private readonly MyContext dbContext;
public NotificationManager(MyContext context) { dbContext = context;}
public async Task CreateReminder() { // this method uses the dbContext}
}
DI 设置 startup.cs:
services.AddDbContext<MyContext>();
services.AddScoped<INotificationManager, NotificationManager>();
选项
- 使用作业调度程序(如 Hangfire, Quartz.Net, Jobbr、...)
- 如果您的 .net 核心版本 >= 2
,请使用 background service
在这两种情况下,您都需要在作业中注入 DatabaseContext class,否则您将收到 ObjectDisposedException。
当您需要 scale-out 到多台机器时,您需要一个带有状态存储的作业服务器,例如 SQL 服务器、MSMQ、RabbitMQ、Redis...
Hangfire 示例
public class MyDelayJob
{
private readonly MyContext dbContext;
private readonly INotificationManager notificationManager;
public MyDelayJob(MyContext context, INotificationManager nm)
{
dbContext= context;
notificationManager = nm;
}
public async Task Run(/*parameters*/)
{
await notificationManager.CreateReminder()
}
}
/*Shedule code in MyMethod
IBackgroundJobClient can be injected
you need to register MyDelayJob with your IOC container.
*/
backgroundJobClient.Schedule<MyDelayJob>(j => j.Run(), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60))
的文档
我有一种情况需要在特定时间执行某些代码(在我的 ASP .NET Core 项目中)。
我知道延迟任务不是一个很好的解决方案,但这是我所拥有的,我想知道如何让它发挥作用:
async Task MyMethod()
{
// do something
// Create a new thread that waits for the appropriate time
TimeSpan time = dbAppointment.ScheduledOn - TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5.0) - DateTime.UtcNow;
_ = Task.Delay(time).ContinueWith(async x => await
notificationManager.CreateReminder());
// continue doing something
}
当我尝试 运行 代码时,它在正确的时间进入了应该执行的方法:
public async Task CreateReminder() {}
但是当它尝试使用我的 dbContext
时失败,我使用 DI 将其注入到 NotificationManager
构造函数中,说明它已被处置。
这是依赖项的“流程”:
public class MyClass
{
private readonly MyContext dbContext;
private readonly INotificationManager notificationManager;
public MyClass(MyContext context, INotificationManager nm)
{
dbContext = context;
notificationManager = nm;
}
public async Task MyMethod() // the method shown in the snippet above
{
// method does something using the dbContext
_ = Task.Delay(time).ContinueWith(async x => await
notificationManager.CreateReminder());
}
}
public class NotificationManager: INotificationManager
{
private readonly MyContext dbContext;
public NotificationManager(MyContext context) { dbContext = context;}
public async Task CreateReminder() { // this method uses the dbContext}
}
DI 设置 startup.cs:
services.AddDbContext<MyContext>();
services.AddScoped<INotificationManager, NotificationManager>();
选项
- 使用作业调度程序(如 Hangfire, Quartz.Net, Jobbr、...)
- 如果您的 .net 核心版本 >= 2 ,请使用 background service
在这两种情况下,您都需要在作业中注入 DatabaseContext class,否则您将收到 ObjectDisposedException。
当您需要 scale-out 到多台机器时,您需要一个带有状态存储的作业服务器,例如 SQL 服务器、MSMQ、RabbitMQ、Redis...
Hangfire 示例
public class MyDelayJob
{
private readonly MyContext dbContext;
private readonly INotificationManager notificationManager;
public MyDelayJob(MyContext context, INotificationManager nm)
{
dbContext= context;
notificationManager = nm;
}
public async Task Run(/*parameters*/)
{
await notificationManager.CreateReminder()
}
}
/*Shedule code in MyMethod
IBackgroundJobClient can be injected
you need to register MyDelayJob with your IOC container.
*/
backgroundJobClient.Schedule<MyDelayJob>(j => j.Run(), TimeSpan.FromSeconds(60))
的文档