如何遍历 IP 地址列表并通过 SSH 访问每个地址？

Question

我是 python 的新手。我有一个包含 Raspberry Pi 个具有默认凭据的设备的列表（文本文件）。我想连接到每个，登录并更改密码。我可以使用以下代码对单个设备执行此操作：

import os
import socket
from ssh2.session import Session

host = '172.16.1.119'
user = 'pi'
passw = 'raspberry'

sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect ((host, 22))

session = Session()
session.handshake(sock)
session.userauth_password(user, passw)

channel = session.open_session()
channel.shell()
channel.write("echo raspberry | sudo -S su && echo 'pi:newpwhere' | sudo chpasswd\n")
channel.write("exit\n")

size, data = channel.read()

while size > 0:
        print(data.decode())
        size, data = channel.read()

print ("Exit status: {0}".format(channel.get_exit_status()))

当我尝试使用类似的代码读取具有多个 IP 地址的文件并执行相同的操作时，我收到错误消息：

import os
import socket
from ssh2.session import Session

user = 'pi'
passw = 'raspberry'
file =  input("please select the file that contains the hosts: ")

with open(file) as f:
    hosts = f.readlines()

def chgpw():
    channel = session.open_session()
    channel.shell()
    channel.write("echo raspberry | sudo -S su && echo 'pi:newpwhere' | sudo chpasswd\n")
    channel.write("exit\n")

for i in hosts:
    print(i)
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    sock.connect((i,22))
    session = Session()
    session.handshake(sock)
    session.userauth_password(user, passw)
    chgpw()

print ("Exit status: {0}".format(channel.get_exit_status()))

我收到的错误是：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "stack-ov.py", line 21, in <module>
    sock.connect((i,22))
socket.gaierror: [Errno -2] Name or service not known

打印语句 print(i) 确实在第 21 行发生错误之前打印出列表中的第一个 IP 地址。

Answer 1

readlines 在其 returns 所在的每一行中包含换行符。在使用它之前，您需要 rstrip i。

for i in hosts:
    stripped = i.rstrip()
    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    sock.connect((stripped, 22))

换行符使每个地址无效。

如何遍历 IP 地址列表并通过 SSH 访问每个地址？

How can I loop through a list of IP addresses and SSH to each?

python-3.x

raspberry-pi