您如何依赖于将服务注入 IHostedService（计划作业）？

Question

意图：我想构建一个 cronjob，用当前数据覆盖缓存内存。它应该是一个单独的服务。

我有一个名为 TimedHostedService 的 IHostedService 和一个名为 ExampleService 的自定义服务。 Example 应该被注入到 TimedHostedService 中，所以它可以调用 ExampleService 中的方法。 ExampleService 应该是唯一覆盖内存的服务

问题： 程序在尝试将 ExampleService 注入 TimedHostedService 时崩溃。出现以下错误信息。

AggregateException: Some services are not able to be constructed (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostedService Lifetime: Singleton ImplementationType: Example_Project.Backend.Job.TimedHostedService': Cannot consume scoped service 'Example_Project.Services.IExampleService' from singleton 'Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostedService'.) Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider..ctor(IEnumerable serviceDescriptors, ServiceProviderOptions options)

InvalidOperationException: Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostedService Lifetime: Singleton ImplementationType: Example_Project.Backend.Job.TimedHostedService': Cannot consume scoped service 'Example_Project.Services.IExampleService' from singleton 'Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostedService'.

代码

StartUp.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        /* Add MemoryCache */
        services.AddMemoryCache();

        /* Add CronJob / Scheduled Job */
        services.AddHostedService<TimedHostedService>();

        /* Add Dependency Injection of ExampleService */
        services.AddScoped<IExampleService, ExampleService>();
}

ExampleService.cs

public interface IExampleService
{
    void SetExample();
    IInventoryArticle[] GetExamples();
}

public class ExampleService : IExampleService
{
    public Examples[] GetExamples()
    { return null; }

    public void SetExample()
    { }

}

TimedHostedService.cs

public class TimedHostedService : IHostedService, IDisposable
    {
        private readonly ILogger<TimedHostedService> _logger;
        private Timer _timer;
        private readonly IInventoryService _inventoryService;

        public TimedHostedService(
            ILogger<TimedHostedService> logger,
            IInventoryService inventoryService)
        {
            _logger = logger;
            _inventoryService = inventoryService; /// Problem Child
        }
}

Answer 1

如果您希望使用范围服务，您需要自己创建一个范围；

        private readonly IServiceProvider serviceProvider;

        public TimedHostedService(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            this.serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
            //...
        }

        public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            using (var scope = serviceProvider.CreateScope())
            {
                var ... = scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<...>();
                //...
            }
        }

您如何依赖于将服务注入 IHostedService（计划作业）？

How can you dependency inject an service into an IHostedService (scheduled job)?

c#

service

dependency-injection

asp.net-core