Django Graphene 编写具有多层嵌套外键的突变

Django Graphene writing mutations with multiple layers of nested foreign keys

你如何编写嵌套外键的模式和查询?我检查了文档,没有发现如何执行此操作的示例。所以这是我基于 github 的尝试,Whosebug 的答案可以说我有这些模型:

class Address(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField()

class Person(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField()
    address = models.ForeignKey('Address', on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=False, null=False)

class Blog(models.Model):
    person = models.ForeignKey('Person', on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=False, null=False)
    text = models.TextField()

我尝试编写这样的架构:

class AddressInput(graphene.InputObjectType):

    name = graphene.String(required=True)


class PersonInput(graphene.InputObjectType):

    name = graphene.String(required=True)
    address =graphene.Field(AddressInput)

class CreateNewBlog(graphene.Mutation):

    blog=graphene.Field(BlogType)

    class Arguments:
        address_data = AddressInput()
        person_data = PersonInput()
        text = graphene.String()

    @staticmethod
    def mutate(root, info, person_data=None, address_data=None, **input):

        address = Address.objects.create(name=address_data.name)
        person = Person.objects.create(address=address, name=person_data.name)
        blog = Blog.objects.create(person =person, text=input['text'])
        blog.save()

        return CreateNewBlog(blog=blog)

我使用了这样的查询:

mutation {
        CreateNewBlog(person: { address: {name: "aaa"}, 
            name: "First Last" }, text: "hi hi") {
            Blog {
              person{
                name
                address{
                  name
                }
              },
              text
                
            }
        }
}

我收到此错误消息:

{
  "errors": [
    {
      "message": "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'name'",
      "locations": [
        {
          "line": 32,
          "column": 9
        }
      ],
      "path": [
        "CreateNewBlog"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "data": {
    "CreateNewBlog": null
  }
}

我认为问题出在我编写 schema.py 文件的方式上。将 InputFields 嵌套在另一个 InputField 中不起作用的地方。还有其他方法可以写一个单一的突变吗?

好的,这里有几件事。首先,您应该生成 schema.graphql 文件,因为它会向您显示由 Graphene 构建的模式的实际最终形状,这将使您的调试更容易。或者您可以使用 GraphiQL 来测试您的查询并让它的文档和自动完成为您完成繁重的工作。

但具体而言,您的石墨烯突变定义将生成如下所示的突变:

input AddressInput {
  name: String!
}

input PersonInput {
  name: String!
  address: AddressInput
}

type CreateNewBlogOutput {
  blog: Blog
}

type Mutation {
  CreateNewBlog(addressData: AddressInput, personData: PersonInput, text: String): CreateNewBlogOutput!
}

值得注意的是,您可以通过两种方式在此处提供 AddressInput,一种在根目录中,一种在 PersonInput 中。这可能不是您打算做的。其次,需要 none 的根参数,这导致您的错误消息相当无用,因为问题是您调用的变异参数不正确但查询验证器允许它通过,因为您的类型非常宽容。

相信如果你要运行像下面这样的突变,它实际上会起作用:

mutation {
  CreateNewBlog(
    personData: {
      address: {
        name: "aaa"
      }, 
      name: "First Last"
    },
    text: "hi hi"
  ) {
    blog {
      person {
        name
        address {
          name
        }
      }
      text
    }
  }
}

我这里只做了两处改动,person 改为 personData(为了匹配你的突变定义,Graphene 自动完成从蛇案例到骆驼案例的对话),Blogblog 在字段选择中。

但让我们更进一步,这是我进行突变的方式。

class AddressInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
    name = graphene.String(required=True)


class PersonInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
    name = graphene.String(required=True)
    address = AddressInput(required=True)


class CreateNewBlogInput(graphene.InputObjectType):
    person = PersonInput(required=True)
    text = graphene.String(required=True)


class CreateNewBlogPayload(graphene.ObjectType):
    blog = graphene.Field(BlogType, required=True)


class CreateNewBlog(graphene.Mutation):
    class Arguments:
        input_data = CreateNewBlogInput(required=True, name="input")

    Output = CreateNewBlogPayload


    @staticmethod
    def mutate(root, info, input_data):
        address = Address.objects.create(name=input_data.person.address.name)
        person = Person.objects.create(address=address, name=input_data.person.name)
        blog = Blog.objects.create(person=person, text=input_data.text)
        blog.save()

        return CreateNewBlogPayload(blog=blog)

在构造 Graphene 的变异对象时,我也会将 CreateNewBlog 更改为 createNewBlog,因为 GraphQL 惯例是使用小驼峰式大小写进行变异。

然后你会 运行 像这样:

mutation {
  createNewBlog(
    input: {
      person: {
        address: {
          name: "aaa"
        }, 
        name: "First Last"
      }
      text: "hi hi"
    }
  ) {
    blog {
      person {
        name
        address {
          name
        }
      }
      text
    }
  }
}

为什么要将整个输入包装在一个输入字段中?主要是因为它使得在使用变量时在客户端更容易调用突变,你可以只提供正确形状的单个输入 arg 而不是多个。

// So instead of this
mutation OldCreateNewBlog($person: PersonInput, $text: String) {
  createNewBlog(
    personData: $person
    text: $text
  ) {
    blog {
      person {
        name
        address {
          name
        }
      }
      text
    }
  }
}

// You have this
mutation NewCreateNewBlog($input: CreateNewBlogInput!) {
  createNewBlog(
    input: $input
  ) {
    blog {
      person {
        name
        address {
          name
        }
      }
      text
    }
  }
}

后者可以更轻松地随时间更改输入形状,并且只需在客户端代码中的一个地方进行更改。