如何在我的 asp net core 3.1 控制器中为特定操作设置基本身份验证？

Question

我正在使用 asp.net 核心 3.1 创建一个 webapi，我想使用基本身份验证，我将对 Active Directory 进行身份验证。

我创建了一个身份验证处理程序和服务，但问题是当我用 [Authorize] 装饰我的控制器操作时，当我调用控制器操作时 HandleAuthenticateAsync 函数没有被调用（尽管调用了处理程序的构造函数）。相反，我只收到 401 响应：

GET https://localhost:44321/Test/RequiresAuthentication HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Basic ..........
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: d58490e4-2707-4b75-9cfa-679509951860
Host: localhost:44321
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Connection: keep-alive



HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Server: Microsoft-IIS/10.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Thu, 10 Dec 2020 16:31:16 GMT
Content-Length: 0

如果我调用不具有 [Authorize] 属性的操作，则会调用 HandleAuthenticateAsync 函数，但操作会执行并且 returns 200 即使 HandleAuthenticateAsync 返回 AuthenticateResult.Fail.我一定是完全误解了这是怎么回事。

GET https://localhost:44321/Test/NoAuthenticationRequired HTTP/1.1
User-Agent: PostmanRuntime/7.26.8
Accept: */*
Postman-Token: 81dd4c2a-32b6-45b9-bb88-9c6093f3675e
Host: localhost:44321
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Connection: keep-alive


HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Server: Microsoft-IIS/10.0
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Thu, 10 Dec 2020 16:35:36 GMT
Content-Length: 3

Ok!

我有一个 Controller，其中一项操作我想进行身份验证，而另一项操作则不需要：

[ApiController]
[Route("[controller]")]
public class TestController : ControllerBase
{

    private readonly ILogger<TestController> _logger;

    public TestController(ILogger<TestController> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
    }

    [HttpGet("RequiresAuthentication")]
    [Authorize]
    public string RestrictedGet()
    {
        return "Ok!";
    }

    [HttpGet("NoAuthenticationRequired")]
    public string NonRestrictedGet()
    {
        return "Ok!";
    }
}

我有一个身份验证处理程序：

public class BasicAuthenticationHandler : AuthenticationHandler<AuthenticationSchemeOptions>
{
    private IBasicAuthenticationService _authService;

    public BasicAuthenticationHandler(
            IOptionsMonitor<AuthenticationSchemeOptions> options,
            ILoggerFactory logger,
            UrlEncoder encoder,
            ISystemClock clock,
            IBasicAuthenticationService authService)
            : base(options, logger, encoder, clock)
    {
        ...
        _authService = authService;
    }

    protected override async Task<AuthenticateResult> HandleAuthenticateAsync()
    {
        // skip authentication if endpoint has [AllowAnonymous] attribute
        var endpoint = Context.GetEndpoint();

        if (endpoint?.Metadata?.GetMetadata<IAllowAnonymous>() != null)
        {
            return AuthenticateResult.NoResult();
        }

        if (!Request.Headers.ContainsKey("Authorization"))
        {
            return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Missing Authorization Header.");
        }

        IBasicAuthenticationServiceUser user = null;
        try
        {
            var authHeader = AuthenticationHeaderValue.Parse(Request.Headers["Authorization"]);
            var credentialBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(authHeader.Parameter);
            var credentials = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(credentialBytes).Split(new[] { ':' }, 2);
            var username = credentials[0];
            var password = credentials[1];
            user = await _authService.Authenticate(username, password);
        }
        catch
        {
            return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Invalid Authorization Header.");
        }

        if (user == null)
        {
            return AuthenticateResult.Fail("Invalid Username or Password.");
        }

        var claims = new[] {
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, user.Id.ToString()),
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, user.UserName),
            };

        var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, Scheme.Name);
        var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
        var ticket = new AuthenticationTicket(principal, Scheme.Name);

        return AuthenticateResult.Success(ticket);
    }
}

我有一个针对活动目录进行身份验证的身份验证服务：

class BasicAuthenticationActiveDirectoryService : IBasicAuthenticationService
{
    private class User : IBasicAuthenticationServiceUser
    {
        public string Id { get; set; }
        public string UserName { get; set; }
        public string Lastname { get; set; }
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string Email { get; set; }
    }

    public async Task<IBasicAuthenticationServiceUser> Authenticate(string username, string password)
    {
        string domain = GetDomain(username);

        using (PrincipalContext pc = new PrincipalContext(ContextType.Domain, domain))
        {
            // validate the credentials
            bool isValid = pc.ValidateCredentials(username, password);

            if (isValid)
            {
                User user = new User()
                {
                    Id = username,
                    UserName = username
                };

                UserPrincipal up = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(pc, username);

                user.FirstName = up.GivenName;
                user.Lastname = up.Surname;
                user.Email = up.EmailAddress;

                return user;
            }
            else
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }

    private string GetDomain(string username)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(username))
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(username), "User name cannot be null or empty.");
        }

        int delimiter = username.IndexOf("\");
        if (delimiter > -1)
        {
            return username.Substring(0, delimiter);
        }
        else
        {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

我把它连接到我的 startup.cs:

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    // configure DI for application services
    services.AddScoped<IBasicAuthenticationService, BasicAuthenticationActiveDirectoryService>();

    //Set up basic authentication
    services.AddAuthentication("BasicAuthentication")
        .AddScheme<Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationSchemeOptions, BasicAuthenticationHandler>("BasicAuthentication", null);

    ...
}

我在 startup.cs 中设置了身份验证和授权：

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
    if (env.IsDevelopment())
    {
        app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
    }

   ...

    app.UseHttpsRedirection();

    app.UseRouting();

    app.UseAuthorization();
    app.UseAuthentication();

    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
        endpoints.MapControllers();
    });
}

Answer 1

尝试调换 app.UseAuthorization() 和 app.UseAuthentication() 的顺序。因为UseAuthentication会解析token，然后提取用户的信息给HttpContext.User。然后UseAuthorization会根据认证方案进行授权。

如何在我的 asp net core 3.1 控制器中为特定操作设置基本身份验证？

How do I set up basic authentication on specific actions in my asp net core 3.1 controller?

c#

basic-authentication

asp.net-web-api

asp.net-core

asp.net-core-webapi