我相信 [dcl.typedef]/1 有缺陷，否则我错过了什么？

Question

[decl.pre]/10:

If the decl-specifier-seq contains the typedef specifier, the declaration is called a typedef declaration and each declarator-id is declared to be a typedef-name, synonymous with its associated type ([dcl.typedef]).

[Note 4: Such a declarator-id is an identifier ([class.conv.fct]). — end note]

If the decl-specifier-seq contains no typedef specifier, the declaration is called a function declaration if the type associated with a declarator-id is a function type ([dcl.fct]) and an object declaration otherwise.

[dcl.typedef]/1:

Declarations containing the decl-specifier typedef declare identifiers that can be used later for naming fundamental or compound types. The typedef specifier shall not be combined in a decl-specifier-seq with any other kind of specifier except a defining-type-specifier, and it shall not be used in the decl-specifier-seq of a parameter-declaration ([dcl.fct]) nor in the decl-specifier-seq of a function-definition ([dcl.fct.def]). If a typedef specifier appears in a declaration without a declarator, the program is ill-formed.

下面的代码显示了两个 typedef 声明:

typedef struct A{ int i; } structA;

和

typedef const int CI;

第一个就可以了，满足[dcl.typedef]/1中高亮的文字，如下图：

struct A { int; } 是 class-specifier which is a defining-type-specifier.
structA 是 typedef-name.

众所周知，第二个typedef声明编译，但不应该，同样根据上面突出显示的文本，如下所示：

const 是一个 cv-qualifier，它是一个 type-specifier, which is a defining-type-specifier.
int 是一个 简单类型说明符 ，它是一个 type-specifier, which is a defining-type-specifier.

也就是说，我们在同一个typedef声明中有两个defining_type_specifiers。我的母语不是英语，我假设文章 'a' 中的表达式“except a defining-type-specifier”表示只有一个 [=根据提到的段落，55=]defining_type_specifier 在 typedef 声明中被接受。

Code:

typedef struct A{ int i; } structA;
typedef const int CI;

int main()
{
}

Answer 1

下面描述的这条规则有例外情况，允许您编写这样的结构：

typedef const signed short int si;

[dcl.type.general/2]

As a general rule, at most one defining-type-specifier is allowed in the complete decl-specifier-seq of a declaration or in a defining-type-specifier-seq, and at most one type-specifier is allowed in a type-specifier-seq. The only exceptions to this rule are the following:

• const can be combined with any type specifier except itself.
• volatile can be combined with any type specifier except itself.
• signed or unsigned can be combined with char, long, short, or int.
• short or long can be combined with int.
• long can be combined with double.
• long can be combined with long.