理解“|”和 Beam Python 示例中的“>>”

Understanding "|" and ">>" from the Beam Python example

我有一些关于 Python 的应用知识,但对 Apache Beam 还很陌生。我遇到了一个来自 Apache Beam 的关于简单字数统计程序的例子。我感到困惑的片段如下所示:

  pipeline_options = PipelineOptions(pipeline_args)
  pipeline_options.view_as(SetupOptions).save_main_session = save_main_session
  with beam.Pipeline(options=pipeline_options) as p:

    # Read the text file[pattern] into a PCollection.
    lines = p | ReadFromText(known_args.input)

    # Count the occurrences of each word.
    counts = (
        lines
        | 'Split' >> (
            beam.FlatMap(lambda x: re.findall(r'[A-Za-z\']+', x)).
            with_output_types(unicode))
        | 'PairWithOne' >> beam.Map(lambda x: (x, 1))
        | 'GroupAndSum' >> beam.CombinePerKey(sum))

    # Format the counts into a PCollection of strings.
    def format_result(word_count):
      (word, count) = word_count
      return '%s: %s' % (word, count)

    output = counts | 'Format' >> beam.Map(format_result)

    # Write the output using a "Write" transform that has side effects.
    # pylint: disable=expression-not-assigned
    output | WriteToText(known_args.output)

完整版代码在这里:https://github.com/apache/beam/blob/master/sdks/python/apache_beam/examples/wordcount_minimal.py

我对“|”感到很困惑和“>>”运算符在这里使用。他们在这里是什么意思? Python 是否原生支持它们?

由于此代码是用 Beam 编写的,因此您所说的符号是 Beam Pipeline 的原生符号。 | 是管道符号,表示给定操作所寻址的管道:就像在您的示例中一样,plines = p | ReadFromText(known_args.input) 的源管道,而 lines 是源

管道
counts = (
        lines
        | 'Split' >> (
            beam.FlatMap(lambda x: re.findall(r'[A-Za-z\']+', x)).
            with_output_types(unicode))
        | 'PairWithOne' >> beam.Map(lambda x: (x, 1))
        | 'GroupAndSum' >> beam.CombinePerKey(sum))

>> 为某个操作命名,以便于在 UI.

上阅读

在你的例子中,'GroupAndSum' >> beam.CombinePerKey(sum))GroupAndSum是组合操作的名称等等。

阅读@Klaus D. 在评论中提供的文档以获得更多清晰度。