const && 的 C++11 绑定规则
C++11 binding rules for const &&
很多人不知道const
右值引用是C++11语言的一部分。 This 博客 post 讨论了它们,但在绑定规则方面似乎有误。引用博文:
struct s {};
void f ( s&); // #1
void f (const s&); // #2
void f ( s&&); // #3
void f (const s&&); // #4
const s g ();
s x;
const s cx;
f (s ()); // rvalue #3, #4, #2
f (g ()); // const rvalue #4, #2
f (x); // lvalue #1, #2
f (cx); // const lvalue #2
Note the asymmetry: while a const lvalue reference can bind to an rvalue,
a const rvalue reference cannot bind to an lvalue. In
particular, this makes a const lvalue reference able to do everything
a const rvalue reference can and more (i.e., bind to lvalues).
示例代码上的注释似乎在我安装的 GCC 4.9(设置了 -std=c++14 标志)中得到验证。那么,与博客文字相反,const &&
应该绑定到 const &
并且 const &&
和 const &
只绑定到 const &
是真的吗?如果不是,实际规则是什么?
这是一个演示,似乎显示 const &&
绑定到 GCC 4.9 中的 const&
:http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/794bbb911d00596e
'binding' 在此上下文中表示将引用绑定到特定对象。
int a;
int &b = a; // the reference is 'bound' to the object 'a'
void foo(int &c);
foo(a); // the reference parameter is bound to the object 'a'
// for this particular execution of foo.
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/5e081b59b5e76e03
然后阅读引文:
Note the asymmetry: while a const lvalue reference can bind to an rvalue,
void foo(int const &);
foo(1); // the const lvalue reference parameter is bound to
// the rvalue resulting from the expression '1'
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/12722f2b38c74c75
a const rvalue reference cannot bind to an lvalue.
void foo(int const &&);
int a;
foo(a); // error, the expression 'a' is an lvalue; rvalue
//references cannot bind to lvalues
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/ccadc5307135c8e8
In particular, this makes a const lvalue reference able to do everything a const rvalue reference can and more (i.e., bind to lvalues).
void foo(int const &);
foo(1); // const lvalue reference can bind to rvalue
int a;
foo(a); // and lvalue
很多人不知道const
右值引用是C++11语言的一部分。 This 博客 post 讨论了它们,但在绑定规则方面似乎有误。引用博文:
struct s {};
void f ( s&); // #1
void f (const s&); // #2
void f ( s&&); // #3
void f (const s&&); // #4
const s g ();
s x;
const s cx;
f (s ()); // rvalue #3, #4, #2
f (g ()); // const rvalue #4, #2
f (x); // lvalue #1, #2
f (cx); // const lvalue #2
Note the asymmetry: while a const lvalue reference can bind to an rvalue, a const rvalue reference cannot bind to an lvalue. In particular, this makes a const lvalue reference able to do everything a const rvalue reference can and more (i.e., bind to lvalues).
示例代码上的注释似乎在我安装的 GCC 4.9(设置了 -std=c++14 标志)中得到验证。那么,与博客文字相反,const &&
应该绑定到 const &
并且 const &&
和 const &
只绑定到 const &
是真的吗?如果不是,实际规则是什么?
这是一个演示,似乎显示 const &&
绑定到 GCC 4.9 中的 const&
:http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/794bbb911d00596e
'binding' 在此上下文中表示将引用绑定到特定对象。
int a;
int &b = a; // the reference is 'bound' to the object 'a'
void foo(int &c);
foo(a); // the reference parameter is bound to the object 'a'
// for this particular execution of foo.
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/5e081b59b5e76e03
然后阅读引文:
Note the asymmetry: while a const lvalue reference can bind to an rvalue,
void foo(int const &);
foo(1); // the const lvalue reference parameter is bound to
// the rvalue resulting from the expression '1'
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/12722f2b38c74c75
a const rvalue reference cannot bind to an lvalue.
void foo(int const &&);
int a;
foo(a); // error, the expression 'a' is an lvalue; rvalue
//references cannot bind to lvalues
http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/ccadc5307135c8e8
In particular, this makes a const lvalue reference able to do everything a const rvalue reference can and more (i.e., bind to lvalues).
void foo(int const &);
foo(1); // const lvalue reference can bind to rvalue
int a;
foo(a); // and lvalue