启动 FuncAnimation 时绘图的轴不会显示

Question

我对 FuncAnimation 有疑问。我的问题是动画有效，但情节的轴不再显示。

如果我注释掉代码中的动画部分，它将显示带有轴的图。

    self.line, = self.ax.plot(self.state_x[0], self.state_y[0], '#000000', linewidth=4)
    self.anim = FuncAnimation(self.fig, self.update, frames=4, interval=700, blit=True, repeat=True)

def update(self, i):
    self.line.set_data([self.state_x[i], self.state_y[i]])
    return self.line,

所以我不知道为什么会这样，也不知道该如何解决。

下面是完整代码。

from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication, QRadioButton, QLabel
from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont
from PyQt5.QtCore import QRect, Qt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import sys


class Carnot(FigureCanvas):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        plt.ion()
        self.fig = Figure(figsize=(5, 5), dpi=100)
        self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        super().__init__(self.fig)
        self.setParent(parent)
        self.resize(800, 800)

        self.state_x = np.array([(1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 1), (1, 1)])
        self.state_y = np.array([(2, 2), (2, 1), (1, 1), (1, 2)])

        self.setup()

    def setup(self):
        state12 = self.ax.plot(self.state_x[0], self.state_y[0], 'r', linewidth=3)
        state23 = self.ax.plot(self.state_x[1], self.state_y[1], 'b', linewidth=3)
        state34 = self.ax.plot(self.state_x[2], self.state_y[2], 'g', linewidth=3)
        state41 = self.ax.plot(self.state_x[3], self.state_y[3], 'y', linewidth=3)

        self.ax.set(xlabel="specific entropy s", ylabel="temperature T",
                    title="Carnot cycle")

        self.ax.set_xticks([])
        self.ax.set_yticks([])

        self.ax.legend(("1 → 2 isothermal expansion", "2 → 3 isentropic expansion", "3 → 4 isothermal compression",
                        "4 → 1 isentropic compression"))

        self.line, = self.ax.plot(self.state_x[0], self.state_y[0], '#000000', linewidth=4)
        self.anim = FuncAnimation(self.fig, self.update, frames=4, interval=700, blit=True, repeat=True)

    def update(self, i):
        self.line.set_data([self.state_x[i], self.state_y[i]])
        return self.line,


class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Window, self).__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("Name")
        self.resize(1110, 800)

        self.label_topic = QLabel("Carnot", self)
        self.label_topic.setGeometry(QRect(10, 10, 291, 41))
        self.label_topic.setFont(QFont("Arial", 12, QFont.Bold))
        self.label_topic.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeft)

        self.radioButton1 = QRadioButton(self)  # Carnot
        self.radioButton1.setGeometry(QRect(20, 110, 91, 30))
        self.radioButton1.setFont(QFont("Arial", 12))
        self.radioButton1.setText("Carnot")
        self.radioButton1.clicked.connect(self.ShowCarnot)

    def ShowCarnot(self):
        carnot_process = Carnot(self)
        carnot_process.move(310, 0)
        carnot_process.show()


App = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(App.exec())

Answer 1

不要使用已使用的名称创建函数，在您的情况下，FigureCanvas 是一个 class，它继承自 QWidget，因此也具有 update() 方法。但是用整数参数覆盖会导致当 maplotlib 内部调用时它失败导致某个部分不被绘制。解决方案是将名称更改为更具描述性的名称：

    # ...
    self.anim = FuncAnimation(
        self.fig,
        <b>self.update_animation</b>,
        frames=4,
        interval=700,
        blit=True,
        repeat=True,
    )

def <b>update_animation</b>(self, i):
    self.line.set_data([self.state_x[i], self.state_y[i]])
    return (self.line,)

启动 FuncAnimation 时绘图的轴不会显示

The axes of the plot won't show when start FuncAnimation

python

matplotlib

pyqt5

python-3.8

matplotlib-animation