从制表符分隔的文件中删除带有模式的字符

Question

我有保存文件，其格式如


NODE_1_length_59711_cov_84.026979_g0_i0_1	12.8
NODE_1_length_59711_cov_84.026979_g0_i0_2	18.9
NODE_2_length_59711_cov_84.026979_g0_i0_1	14.3
NODE_2_length_59711_cov_84.026979_g0_i0_2	16.1
NODE_165433_length_59711_cov_84.026979_g0_i0_1	29

我想删除从“1”开始到最后“_”的所有字符。这样我就可以从多个文件中得到这样的输出-


1_1	12.8
1_2	18.9
2_1	14.3
2_2	16.1
165433_1	29

Answer 1

使用 GNU awk：

awk -F "\t" '{ fld1=gensub(/(^NODE_)([[:digit:]]+)(.*)([[:digit:]]+$)/,"\2_\4","g",);OFS=IFS;print fld1"\t"}' file

解释：

awk -F "\t" '{                                                       # Set the field separator to tab
               fld1=gensub(/(^NODE_)([[:digit:]]+)(.*)([[:digit:]]+$)/,"\2_\4","g",);                                      # Split the first field into 4 sections represented in parenthesis and then substitute the line for the the second section, a "_" and then the fourth section. Read the result into a variable fld1
               print fld1"\t"                                      # Print fld1, followed by a tab and then the second field.
             }' file

Answer 2

see demo

echo 'NODE_165433_length_59711_cov_84.026979_g0_i0_1' | sed -E 's/^NODE_([0-9]+)_.*_([0-9]+)/_/'

输出：

165433_1

从制表符分隔的文件中删除带有模式的字符

Remove characters with pattern from a tab-delimited file

unix

awk

sed

programming-pearls

see demo