C# 如何分配静态 class 的默认属性值

Question

如何在 C# 中分配静态 class 的默认属性值？我正在尝试执行以下操作：

public class Unit
{
  public string Name;
  public double cConvertFromSI;
}

// want to do something like this:
public static Unit m  = (Name = "meter"; cConvertFromSI = 1;)
public static Unit mm = (Name = "millimeter"; cConvertFromSI = 1000;)
public static Unit in = (Name = "inch"; cConvertFromSI = 39.3701;)

Answer 1

首先，不要使用 public 字段，使用带有 getters/setters 的属性，它会破坏封装。其次，您应该实例化 Unit 的对象并初始化属性。查看一些示例：

public class Unit
{
  public string Name { get; set; }
  public double cConvertFromSI { get; set; }
}

public static Unit m  = new Unit() { Name = "meter", cConvertFromSI = 1 };
public static Unit mm = new Unit() { Name = "millimeter", cConvertFromSI = 1000 };
public static Unit in = new Unit() { Name = "inch", cConvertFromSI = 39.3701 };

Answer 2

为什么不实现构造函数？为什么我们要创建一个 invalid Unit 实例（null name）？

 public class Unit
 {
     public Unit(string name, double value)
     {
         if (name == null)
             throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
         if (value <= 0)
             throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(value)); 

         Name = name;
         cConvertFromSI = value;
     }   

     // properties instead of fields
     public string Name {get; private set; }
     public double cConvertFromSI {get; private set; }
 }

然后

  public static Unit m = new Unit("meter", 1);
  public static Unit mm = new Unit("millimeter", 1000);
  public static Unit in = new Unit("inch", 39.3701);

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