Django 如何为获取所有管理员用户编写查询集并将它们用作接收者的信号

Question

我使用 django 信号的目的是在任何作者创建新博客时通知每个管理员 post。所以我想使用所有管理员作为接收者，而创建博客 post 的唯一作者将是发件人。目前我正在使用这个 User.objects.get(username='jhone' )#jhone is an admin user 查询集来设置接收者特定的管理员用户。如何调用所有管理员用户并将主题全部设置为接收者。这是我的代码：

#models.py

#using notifications model for signals 
class Notifications(models.Model):

    blog = models.ForeignKey('blog.Blog',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    blogcomment = models.ForeignKey('blog.BlogComment',on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=True,null=True)

    NOTIFICATION_TYPES = (('New Comment','New Comment'),('Comment Approved','Comment Approved'), ('Comment Rejected','Comment Rejected'),('pending post','pending post'),('post approved','post approved'),('post rejected','post rejected'))

    sender = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="noti_from_user")

    receiver = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="noti_to_user")
    #others fields...... 

class Blog(models.Model):
    author = models.ForeignKey(User,on_delete=models.CASCADE,max_length=100)
    #others fields....
    def blog_notify(sender, instance, *args, **kwargs):
        blog = instance
        blog_title = blog.title
        sender = blog.author
        receiver  =  User.objects.get(username='jhone')

        if sender == blog.author and blog.is_published == "published":
         notify = Notifications(blog=blog, sender=sender,receiver =receiver ,text_preview = blog_title[:250], notification_type="post approved")
         notify.save()

post_save.connect(Blog.blog_notify, sender=Blog)

我也尝试了几个查询集来将所有管理员用户设置为接收者，但非主题无效。

receiver  = User.objects.all().filter(is_superuser=True)

我收到这个错误：

Cannot assign "<QuerySet [<User: Jhone>, <User: admin1>, <User: admin2>]>": "Notifications.user" must be a "User" instance.

使用 User.objects.filter(is_superuser=True) 这个查询集。

我也试过这个

receiver  =  User.objects.all().get(is_superuser=True)

并收到此错误

MultipleObjectsReturned at /blog-admin/approve-blog-post/tusar-post2/
get() returned more than one User -- it returned 3!

知道如何传递正确的查询集以将所有管理员用户设置为接收者吗？？？

Answer 1

您需要遍历所有管理员并像这样一一创建 Notifications：

def blog_notify(sender, instance, *args, **kwargs):
    blog = instance
    blog_title = blog.title
    sender = blog.author
    receivers = User.objects.filter(is_superuser=True)

    if not (sender == blog.author and blog.is_published == "published"):
        return

    notifications = []

    for receiver in receivers:
        notifications.append(Notifications(blog=blog, sender=sender, receiver=receiver, text_preview=blog_title[:250], notification_type="post approved"))

    Notifications.objects.bulk_create(notifications)

请注意，如果 Notifications 模型正在发送信号，则您不能使用 bulk_create。在那种情况下，只需一个一个地创建它们。

Django 如何为获取所有管理员用户编写查询集并将它们用作接收者的信号

Django how to write queryset for get all admin user and use them in signals as receiver

python

django

django-models

django-queryset